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Practice envs
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1An Interaction where one species benefits and one is harmed is termed
- APredation or Parasitism
- BCommensalism
- CMutualism
- DAmensalism
2The full range of habitat types in which a species can exist and reproduce without any competition from other species is called [blank_start]its[blank_end]
- AFundamental Niche
3An interaction where both species benefit but the relationship may not be essential for either is termed
- APredation or Parasitism
- BCompetition
- CAmensalism
- DMutualism
4Organisms that tend to be small, short-lived, opportunistic, and to grow through irregular boom-and-bust population cycles are termed
- AK-selected
- Br-selected
- CBottom-up
- DTop Down
5Generally speaking, plant and animal biodiversity is uniformly distributed across the planet.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6The process by which natural selection drives competing species into different patterns of resource use or different niches, and coexistence is obtained through the differentiation of their realized ecological niches is called [blank_start]Niche Partitioning[blank_end]
- ANiche Partitioning
7What percent of net energy production at one trophic level is passed on to the next level?
- A5%
- B10%
- C25%
- D50%
8Simultaneous evolution of two or more species of organisms that interact in significant ways is called [blank_start]coevolution[blank_end]
- Acoevolution
9The most important biogeochemical cycle(s) affecting ecosystem health are the
- AAll of the above
- BNitrogen Cycle
- CPhosphorous Cycle
- DCarbon Cycle
- EWater Cycle
10A species' [blank_start]Realized Niche[blank_end] can be thought of as its range in practice, or the range of habitat types from which it is not excluded by competing species.
- ARealized Niche
11A model that suggests that organisms that are able to move will distribute themselves according to the amount of food available, with higher concentrations of organisms located near higher concentrations of food is called the [blank_start]Ideal Free Distribution Model[blank_end]
- AIdeal Free Distribution Model
12Toxins and contaminants can move up the food web and organisms at higher trophic levels can be threatened, even if the pollutant is introduced to the environment in very small quantities through a process known as
- ABioaccumulation
- BBottom-up Control
- CRedistribution
- DTrophic accumulation
- EPollutant compounding
13Change driven by new external geophysical conditions such as rising average temperatures resulting from global climate change is termed [blank_start]Allogenic Succession[blank_end]
- AAllogenic Succession
14Evolving to appear similar to another successful species or to the environment in order to dupe predators into avoiding the species, or dupe prey into approaching the species is called [blank_start]Mimicry[blank_end]
- AMimicry
15An abandoned agricultural field transitions back to forest and sun-tolerant weeds and herbs appear first, followed by dense shrubs like hawthorn and blackberry. After about a decade, birches and other small fast-growing trees move in, sprouting wherever the wind blows their lightweight seeds. In 30 to 40 years, slower-spreading trees like ash, red maple, and oak take root, followed by shade-tolerant trees such as beech and hemlock. What ecological concept does this example illustrate? [blank_start]Succession[blank_end]
- ASuccession
16When ecosystems are more strongly influenced by the abundance of organisms at high trophic levels in the ecosystem, the ecosystem is said to be controlled from the
- ATop-Down
- BPredator selection
- CBottom-up
- DCompetition factor
- EPrey selection
17This trophic level is responsible for processing organic material and returning nutrients to the ecosystem
- APrimary Producers
- BDecomposers
- CInorganic Nutrient Pool
- DSecondary Consumers
- EPrimary Consumers
18The number of individuals of a species that an ecosystem can support before resource limitations reduce survival is called
- ATrophic availability
- BRealized Niche
- CCompetition Threshold
- DCarrying capacity
19Which terrestrial geographic zones tend to have the highest plant and animal biodiversity?
- AMediterranean
- BTropical
- CTemperate
- DBoreal
- EDesert
20A fundamental concept in ecology that refers to the more or less predictable and orderly changes in the composition or structure of an ecological community is termed [blank_start]Succession[blank_end]
- ASuccession
21Energy is recycled during decomposition
- ATrue
- BFalse
22How old is the horseshoe crab species?
- A350 billion years
- B350,000 years
- C350 million years
- D350 years
23What are the predators of the horseshoe crab?
- ASharks and Sea turtles
- BSharks and Whales
- CRed knot birds
- DBacteria
24Species are not uniformly spread among Earth's biomes. Which of the following statements accurately reflects this statement?
- AHigher latitudes generally have more plant and animal diversity than
- BTropical areas generally have less plant and animal diversity than high latitudes
- CTropical areas generally have more plant and animal diversity than high latitudes
- DNone of the above
25Ecology is the study of
- Athe study of the structure of organisms
- Bthe study of life
- Crelationships in the natural world
- Dthe study of human behavior
26Geography has a profound impact on ecosystems because global circulation patterns and climate zones set basic physical conditions for the organisms that inhabit a given area. The most important factors are
- ATemperature ranges, moisture availability and light
- Bmoisture availability, light and nutrient availability
- Ctemperature ranges, moisture availability and nutrient availability
- Dtemperature ranges, moisture availability, light and nutrient availability
27The horseshoe crab blood has a special adaptation due to natural selection, what is this adapation?
- AAll of these are correct.
- BThe adaptation allows them a clotting ability much like white blood cells in humans that helps fight off bacteria.
- CThe adaptation helps horseshoe crabs survive when they are on the beach.
- DThe adaptation allows the horseshoe crab to transport more oxygen through its system which is benefiical in cold ocean environments.
28Aquatic biomes (marine and freshwater) cover of the Earth's surface and include rivers, lakes, coral reefs, estuaries, and open ocean
- A1/4
- B1/2
- C3/4
- D2/3
29Which of the folowing are the closest relatives to the horseshoe crab? (hint there are 2 correct answers)
- ASpiders
- BScorpions
- CPacific Mole Crabs (aka sand crabs)
- DDungeness crabs
30The low rate of energy transfer between trophic levels makes decomposers generally more important than producers in terms of energy flow.
- ATrue
- BFalse
31The increase in concentration of a chemical in organisms that reside in environments contaminated with low concentrations of various organic compounds.
- AAccumulation
- BBioaccumulation
- CToxins
- DBiodiversity
32A fundamental concept in ecology that refers to the more or less predictable and orderly changes in the composition or structure of an ecological community.
- Ar-selected
- Bdenitrification
- Csuccession
- DBiomes
33When considering ecosystem functions such as trophic levels in food webs, migrations of various species, and population decline how does a decline in horseshoe crabs affect the larger ecosystem picture, if a decline does at all?
- AThere does not seem to be a problem since the horseshoe crab produces many eggs.
- BAs humans study and collect blood for our own medical use the horseshoe crabs are kept alive helping the population stay healthy.
- CThe spawning of the red knot helps the horseshoe crabs have food to eat and without this there will be fewer horseshoe crabs
- DThe spawning of the horseshoe crabs is timed with the red knot migration and a decline in the horseshoe crabs will negatively affect the red knot population
34Which of the following is NOT a primary producer?
- APhotosynthetic bacteria
- BPlants
- CAlgae
- DTadpole
35What color is the blood of the horseshoe crab and why is this?
- AThe blood is blue due to oxygen
- BThe blood is blue due to copper
- CThe blood is red due to hemoglobin
- DThe blood is red due to copper
36What insecticide was banned in the USA but has caused problems in bird species?
- ADDT
- BDTD
- CTTD
- DTDD
37Because water is virtually incompressable, under water pressure icreases in a ___________ manner, unlike in the atmosphere where
pressure changes in a ___________ manner- Aexponential/linear
- Blinear/logrithmic
- Cexponential/logrithmic
- Dlinear/exponential
38To perform photosynthesis, phytoplankton require light from the sun as well as________.
- ANitrogen
- BPhosphorus
- CCarbon Dioxide
- DMicronutrients such as Silicone and Iron
- EAll of these
39Without phyotplankton in the oceans performing photosynthesis, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would ________ and the
atmospheric temperature would ________.- Adecrease, increase
- Bdecrease, decrease
- Cincrease, decrease
- Dincrease, increase
40______________ are microscopic plants that live in the water column of oceans, seas, and bodies of fresh
water and are the foundation of the marine food chain.- Azooplankton
- Bphytoplankton
- Cmarine snow
- Dblooms
41_____________ are microscopic animals that live in the water column of oceans, seas, and bodies of fresh water.
- Azooplankton
- Bphytoplankton
- Cmarine snow
- Dblooms
42_____________ is the sum of a suite of biologically-mediated processes that transport carbon
from the surface euphotic zone (the depth of the water that is exposed to sufficient sunlight for
photosynthesis to occur) to the ocean's interior.
Select one:- Acompensation depth
- Bcompensation zone
- Cbiological pump
- Dthermohaline circulation
- ECoriolis force
43_____________ is the point at which there is just enough light for a plant to survive. At this
point all the food produced by photosynthesis is used up by respiration.- Acompensation depth
- Bcompensation zone
- Cbiological pump
- Dthermohaline circulation
- ECoriolis force
44As one travel from the surface to the bottom of the oceans, the zone that are traversed occour in which order?
- AEpipalagic, Mesopalagic, Bathypalagic, Abyssalpalagic
- BBathypalagic, Mesopalagic, Abyssalpalagic, Epipalagic
- CMesopalagic, Bathypalagic, Abyssalpalagic, Epipalagic
- DEpipalagic, Bathypalagic, Mesopalagic, Abyssalpalagic
- EAbyssalpalagic, Epipalagic, Batypalagic, Mesopalagic
45Which of these is NOT a force involved in the mixing of ocean waters?
- ATemperature
- BSalinity
- CWaves
- DBathymetry
- EVolcanoes
46Circular currents in the world's oceans ar called _________ an in the Northern Hemisphere they rotate _________, while in the Southern Hemisphere the rotate ____________.
- AGorges, Clockwise, Counterclockwise
- BGorges, Counterclockwise, Clockwise
- CGyres, Clockwise, Counterclockwise
- DGyres, Counterclockwise, Clockwise
47The atmosphere responds more rapidly to temperature changes than do the oceans because the atmosphere _________ than water
- Ahas a lower specific heat capacity
- Bhas a higher specific heat capacity
- Cis closer to the sun
- Dmixes more frequently
- Ehas less salt
48During periods when the thermohaline circulation slowed down temperatures in the Norther Hemisphere __________, while during periods when
the thermohaline circulation sped up temperatures in the Norther Hemisphere ____________.- Aincreased, decreased
- Bdecreased, increased
- Cwere constant, increased
- Ddecreased, were constant
- Eincreased, were constant
49Which of the following is NOT a required condition for hurricane development?
- AAtmospheric moisture
- BWeak easterly trade winds
- CHigh Inland temperatures
- DWarm ocean waters
50 During a/an ___________ event, coastal upwelling in the eastern Pacific dwindles or stops and warm, moist air rises over the west coasts of North and
South America, causing heavy rains and landslides as droughts occur in Indonesia and other Asian countries.- ALa Nina
- BLa Nino
- CEl Nino
- DEl Nina
51During a/an event, Pacific water temperatures become unusually cold and cold-water upwelling increases along western South America and unusually wet
weather in Asia and drier than normal conditions in much of the United States occours.- ALa Nina
- BLa Nino
- CEl Nino
- DEl Nina
52One impact of the changing climate observed in coral reefs is
- ARapid evolution of heat-tolerance genes in coral reef species
- BCoral bleaching
- CIncrease of coral reef habitat
- DCoral reef migration northward
53What is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)?
- AAn organization of industrial manufacturers and energy sector economists
- BAn international organization of climate experts formed to study climate change and make recommendations to world governments
- CAn organization composed of scientists from developing nations to assess climate change evidence and make recommendations
- DAn organization of American and European climate scientists to study the climate
54Climate scientists believe that CO2 levels during the Eocene period (55 million to 38 million years ago) were _______ they are today.
- ALower than
- BHigher than
- Cabout the same as
55What is one expected effect of climate change on undesirable species:
- ANo overall effect
- BOverall increase in undesirable species as the conditions that support them increase worldwide
- COverall less undesirable species because their climate tolerances are narrower
56The earth’s climate has always been the same it is now.
- ATrue
- BFalse
57What effect are rising global temperatures having on the world’s oceans?
- AAltering precipitation patterns
- Bincreasing global ocean heat content
- CAll of the above
- DMelting sea ice
- ERaising sea levels
58In the 2007 IPCC report, what areas on the planet were expected to experience more warming? Where less warming?
- AMore warming in the southern oceans and North Altalntic; less warming over land and at high northern latitudes
- BEqual warming throughout the planet
- CMore warming in the southernmost latitudes and over bodies; less warming over land in the northern hemisphere
- DMore warming in the high northern latitudes and over land; less warming over the southern oceans and North Atlantic
- EMore warming in the northern hemisphere oceans; less warming in the southern hemisphere continents
59During global cooling periods, also known as ice ages, global ocean levels were lower because __________.
- AHuge volumes of water were trapped in glaciers and continental ice sheets
- BThere was less water
- CMore water was trapped underground
- DMost of the water had evaporated and was retained in the atmosphere
- EMore water was retained in water-trapping mineral formations
60What is different about the increase in CO2 concentrations and temperature estimated for the Eocene period (55 million to 38 million years ago) compared with the current anthropogenic increase?
- AThe increase in CO2 in the Eocene likely occurred over tens of millions of years, whereas anthropogenic CO2 increase is on the scale of hundreds of years
- BThe increase in CO2 in the Eocene likely occurred over hundreds of years, whereas anthropogenic CO2 increase is on the scale of tens of millions of years
- CThere is no difference, the changes are the same now as in Eocene
61How does earth’s natural greenhouse effect work?
- ADecreasing the amount of solar radiation entering the atmosphere
- BIncreasing the solar radiation emitted by the sun
- CIncreasing solar radiation entering the atmosphere
- DInsulating the planet by trapping heat and preventing it from leaving the atmosphere
- EIncreasing the amount of heat generated by the earth's core
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- Quiz on Practice envs, created by rupin gulati on 07/03/2018.
- Author
- rupin gulati
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- English
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