Quiz
Macrocytosis & Macrocytic Anaemia
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Questions in this quiz (41)
1[blank_start]Macrocytosis[blank_end] = An increase in larger than normal red blood cells
[blank_start]Macrocytic Anaemia[blank_end] = A reduction in red blood cells, however the red blood cells have a larger than normal volume- AMacrocytic Anaemia
- BMacrocytosis
2Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) is measured using which units?
[blank_start]Femtolitres[blank_end]- AFemtolitres
3The examples below showcase the difference between macrocytosis and macrocytic anaemia. Label them.
- AMacrocytic Anaemia
- BMacrocytosis
4TYPICAL EXAM QUESTION:
Normally sized red blood cells should be a similar size to [blank_start]the nucleus of a normal small lymphocyte[blank_end]- Athe nucleus of a normal small lymphocyte
- Ba normally sized reticulocyte
- Cthe nucleus of a normal small neutrophil
5At the point where a developing RBC leaves the bone marrow and loses its nucleus, it is called a [blank_start]reticulocyte[blank_end]
- Areticulocyte
6As the erythropoietic pathway progresses, the overall cell size becomes [blank_start]smaller[blank_end] as the haemoglobin [blank_start]concentrates[blank_end]
- Aconcentrates
- Bspreads out
- Csmaller
- Dlarger
7At the first step of erythropoiesis, the cell is called a
- APronormoblast
- BBasophilic Normoblast
- CPolychromatophilic Normoblast
- DOrthochromatic Normoblast
8A red cell precursor (like a normoblast) which is abnormally large and has an immature nucleus is called a [blank_start]megaloblast[blank_end]
- Amegaloblast
9TYPICAL EXAM QUESTION:
Which of the following aspects of erythropoiesis are defective in the development of a megaloblastic red blood cell?- ADNA Synthesis
- BNuclear Maturation
- CRNA Synthesis
- DHaemoglobin Synthesis
10Which of the following are preserved in megaloblastic red blood cells?
- ADNA Synthesis
- BNuclear Maturation
- CRNA Synthesis
- DHaemoglobin Synthesis
11Macrocytic Anaemia is most commonly caused by deficiency of which Vitamins?
(2 Answers)- AThiamine (B1)
- BNiacin (B3)
- CPyridoxine (B6)
- DFolate (B9)
- ECobalamin (B12)
12Silencing of genes occurs by a donor molecule adding a [blank_start]methyl[blank_end] group to a specific section of a DNA strand.
- Amethyl
13The [blank_start]Folate[blank_end] Cycle is important for regulating the conversion of the [blank_start]U[blank_end] base of RNA to the [blank_start]T[blank_end] base of DNA. Disruption of this can cause nuclear maturation leading to macrocytic anaemia.
- AT
- BA
- CC
- DG
- EU
- FG
- GC
- HA
- IFolate
- JMethionine
- KCobalamin
14The [blank_start]Methionine[blank_end] Cycle (regulated by Vitamin [blank_start]B12[blank_end]) is important for the production of a donor molecule for DNA methylation, so that certain genes can be 'silenced'. Disruption of this cycle can cause defective nuclear maturation and thus macrocytic anaemia.
- AMethionine
- BFolate
- CCobalamin
- DB12
- EB9
15The Methionine Cycle regards the conversion of [blank_start]homocysteine[blank_end] to methionine via Vitamin B12 in order to produce a donor molecule for DNA strand methylation
- Ahomocysteine
16B12 Absorption System:
B12 enters stomach and is immediately bound by the [blank_start]R[blank_end]-binding protein- AR
17B12 Absorption System:
Which protein is then released by stomach cells to bind to B12?
[blank_start]Intrinsic Factor[blank_end]- AIntrinsic Factor
18B12 Absorption System:
Which type of cells release intrinsic factor from the stomach?
The gastric [blank_start]parietal[blank_end] cells- Aparietal
19B12 Absorption System:
B12 dissociates from R-binding protein and binds to Intrinsic Factor, before moving as this complex to the [blank_start]distal[blank_end] [blank_start]ileum[blank_end] where it dissociates from Intrinsic Factor and is absorbed via specific receptors.- Adistal
- Bproximal
- Cileum
- Dduodenum
- Ejejunum
20B12 Absorption System:
The receptors which absorb Vitamin B12 in the distal ileum after it has dissociated from Intrinsic Factor are called [blank_start]Cubulin[blank_end] Receptors- ACubulin
21A 67 year old man presents to you with chronic fatigue and nausea & vomiting. He has a past medical history of Vitiligo and Rheumatoid Arthritis. What is the most likely diagnosis for this man?
[blank_start]Pernicious Anaemia[blank_end]- APernicious Anaemia
22Anaemia caused by the autoimmune destruction of the gastric parietal cells is called [blank_start]Pernicious anaemia[blank_end]
- APernicious anaemia
23Pernicious Anaemia results in the deficiency of which protein needed for B12 absorption?
[blank_start]Intrinsic Factor[blank_end]- AIntrinsic Factor
24Pernicious Anaemia should be treated with Vitamin B12 via which route of administration?
- AOral
- BSubcutaneous
- CIntravenous
- DIntramuscular
- ESublingual
25Folate is typically absorbed in the ...
- ADuodenum
- BJejunum
- CIleum
26Individuals abiding by a Vegan diet are more likely to become deficient in [blank_start]Vitamin B12[blank_end], due to the fact that it is commonly ascertained in our diets via animal meat.
- AVitamin B12
- BFolate
27Which of the following conditions may result in B12/Folate deficiency?
- ACrohn's Disease
- BUlcerative Colitis
- CCoeliac Disease
- DGastric Ulcers
28Alcoholics are more likely to develop [blank_start]Folate[blank_end] deficiency
- AFolate
- BVitamin B12
29Which of the following drug types can cause folate deficiency?
- AAntipsychotics
- BAnticonvulsants
- CAntiarrhythmics
- DAntidepressants
30Which three of the following symptoms are indicative of either a B12 or Folate deficiency?
- ASore tongue
- BWeight loss
- CDiarrhoea
- DHeadache
- EBlurred vision
31Which deficiency anaemia can cause neurological problems such as dorsal column dysfunction and dementia?
- AFolate deficiency
- BB12 deficiency
32When all cells are low in number (RBCs, WBCs and Platelets) this is known as [blank_start]pancytopenia[blank_end]
- Apancytopenia
33Another way of diagnosing macrocytic anaemia is via the discover of hypersegmented [blank_start]neutrophils[blank_end] on the blood film
- Aneutrophils
34Neutrophils typically have [blank_start]3-5[blank_end] nuclear segments, if there are more than this then this is a potential sign of macrocytic anaemia
- A3-5
- B2-3
- C4-7
35Which two of the following autoantibodies are used in conjunction to diagnose B12-deficiency anaemia?
- AAnti-IF
- BAnti-GPC
- CAnti-RBP
- DAnti-CR
36Folic acid tablets for Folate-deficiency anaemia are typically [blank_start]5mg[blank_end] per day oral tablets.
- A5mg
- B0.5mg
- C15mg
- D50mg
37The recommendation for folic acid supplementation in pregnancy is [blank_start]0.4mg[blank_end] daily
- A0.4mg
- B4mg
- C14mg
- D40mg
38[blank_start]Spurious Macrocytosis[blank_end] = Red Blood Cell Volume is normal yet the MCV is high
[blank_start]Genuine Macrocytosis[blank_end] = Red Blood Cell Volume is abnormally large and MCV is high- AGenuine Macrocytosis
- BSpurious Macrocytosis
39Which three of the following can cause spurious macrocytosis?
- AAlcoholism
- BLiver disease
- CHypothyroidism
- DHyperthyroidism
- EDrug overdose
- FKidney Disease
40When red cells clump together causing the MCV machine to register them as 1 giant red cell, these clumps are known as [blank_start]cold agglutinins[blank_end]
- Acold agglutinins
41Patients with pernicious anaemia can appear mildly [blank_start]jaundiced[blank_end] due to intramedullary haemolysis
- Ajaundiced
Information
- Description
- Macrocytosis & Macrocytic Anaemia lecture given on tuesday of week 1
- Author
- Matthew Coulson
- Language
- English
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