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Questions in this quiz (100)
11) For the same data, a graph of a relative frequency distribution will look exactly the same as a graph of the frequency distribution.
- ATrue
- BFalse
22) When choosing class boundaries for a frequency distribution, classes such as 60-70, 70-80, 80-90 would be acceptable.
- ATrue
- BFalse
33) Recently a survey was conducted in which customers of a large insurance company were asked to indicate the number of speeding tickets they had received in the past three years. The data in this case would most likely be analyzed using a frequency distribution with the data grouped into classes such as 0-2, 3-5, 6-8, etc.
- ATrue
- BFalse
44) Recently a survey was conducted in which customers of a large insurance company were asked to indicate the number of speeding tickets they had received in the past three years. The minimum value in the data was zero and the largest was six tickets. If you wished to illustrate the proportion of people who had three or fewer tickets, you would most likely construct a cumulative relative frequency distribution.
- ATrue
- BFalse
55) Frequency distributions are specifically for analyzing discrete data.
- ATrue
- BFalse
66) When developing a frequency distribution, the following classes would be considered acceptable:
5 to < 10
10 to < 20
20 to < 40- ATrue
- BFalse
77) It is often a good idea to convert frequency distributions to relative frequency distributions when you wish to compare two distributions with different amounts of data.
- ATrue
- BFalse
88) In a report describing the number of people in the family of each of the 400 employees at a manufacturing company, the frequency count at the value 3 was 220. This means that the relative frequency at the 3 level is .44.
- ATrue
- BFalse
99) One way to develop a frequency distribution using Excel is to use the Frequency function.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1010) There is no difference between cumulative frequency and relative frequency.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1111) A study of 4000 Dell PC customers listed the age of the customer among other variables. The youngest customer was 14 years old and the oldest customer was 84 years old. If analysts for the company wish to develop a frequency distribution with 7 classes, the smallest value that the class width can be is 10 years.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1212) A cumulative frequency distribution shows the percentage of observations for the variable of interest with values less than or equal to the upper limit of each class.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1313) In constructing a frequency distribution for the savings account balances for customers at a bank, the following class boundaries might be acceptable if the minimum balance is $5.00 and the maximum balance is $18,700:
$0.00 - $5,000
$5,000 - 10,000
$10,000 - $15,000
$15,000 - $20,000- ATrue
- BFalse
1414) The appropriate number of classes should generally be between 5 and 20.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1515) Once you have determined the class width using the formula, high-low divided by the number of classes, it is appropriate to round to the nearest integer to make the analysis easier.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1616) There is no hard-and-fast rule regarding the number of classes that must be used when establishing a frequency distribution for a continuous variable.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1717) The upper and lower limits of each class in a frequency distribution are also referred to as the data array.
- ATrue
- BFalse
1818) The following class limits would be acceptable for developing a frequency distribution on income:
$0 < $5,000
$5001 < $10,000
$10,001 < $20,000
Over $20,000- ATrue
- BFalse
1919) A histogram can be created for discrete or continuous data.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2020) In a recent study at First National Bank, a frequency count was made for the variable marital status for the bank's 10,000 customers. It would also be appropriate to develop a histogram for this variable to show how marital status is distributed.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2121) After developing a frequency distribution for a quantitative variable, a histogram can be developed with the horizontal axis representing the values of the variable and the vertical axis representing the frequency of occurrence in each class or group.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2222) A histogram can be constructed for data that are either quantitative or qualitative.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2323) In a recent study of retail daily sales by stores at a mall in Kansas, the minimum daily sales was $700 and the maximum was $51,000. If you wish to construct a frequency distribution with 10 classes, the minimum class width would be $5,100.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2424) Consider a situation in which both a frequency distribution and a relative frequency distribution have been developed for the same quantitative variable. If histograms are constructed from each distribution, the graphs will appear to have the same shape.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2525) When a histogram is constructed for discrete numerical data, there should be spaces between the bars of the histogram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2626) When the Histogram tool in Excel is used to construct a frequency distribution and histogram, the default histogram is in the proper format and will require only that you add appropriate labels.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2727) When using the Histogram tool in Excel to construct a frequency distribution and histogram, the bins represent the upper class limits.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2828) When using the Histogram tool in Excel to construct a frequency distribution and histogram, if the first bin value is 10 and the second bin value is 20, the frequency count for the second class will include all values from 10 up to, but not including, 20.
- ATrue
- BFalse
2929) If you wish to construct a graph of a relative frequency distribution, you would most likely construct an ogive.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3030) A joint frequency distribution is used to describe the number of occurrences where two observations in a data set have the same value.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3131) A joint frequency distribution can be constructed for either quantitative or qualitative data.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3232) If a manager is interested in analyzing the relationship between the age of customers and the dollar volume of business that is done in the store, a relative frequency distribution would be most appropriate.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3333) A recent study of students at the university contained data on year in school and student age. An appropriate tool for analyzing the relationship between these two variables would be a joint frequency distribution.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3434) A histogram can be used to display a joint frequency distribution between two quantitative variables.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3535) In Excel, joint frequency distributions can be generated using the Pivot Table feature under the Data tab.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3636) An ogive is a graph that shows cumulative relative frequency.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3737) If you have constructed a joint frequency distribution manually and now wish to convert it to a joint relative distribution, the proper method is to divide each cell frequency by the cell's row total.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3838) Another name for a joint frequency distribution is a cross-tabulation table.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3939) Two separate frequency distributions for two variables provide the same information as one joint frequency distribution involving the same two variables.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4040) In Excel a joint frequency distribution table can be created using a tool called PivotTable.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4141) An ogive is a graph of a joint frequency distribution.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4242) A histogram is an effective tool for graphically describing a joint frequency distribution.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4343) In a study involving car owners, one question asked the owner for the number of miles driven last year. A second question asked the owner for the age of the vehicle. A joint frequency distribution would be useful for determining whether newer cars tend to be driven more miles than older cars.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4444) In a study involving car owners, one question asked the owner for the number of miles driven last year. A second question asked the owner for the age of the vehicle. A histogram would be useful for analyzing the relationship between miles driven and the age of the vehicle.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4545) In constructing a histogram for a joint frequency distribution, the histogram will have the most meaning for the decision maker if there are no gaps between the bars on the histogram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4646) A bar chart is the same as a histogram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4747) Histograms cannot have gaps between the bars, whereas bar charts can have gaps.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4848) The regional sales manager for a medical supply company recently collected data on the reasons why customers returned the merchandise for a refund. She actually formed a frequency distribution for this variable. It would now be acceptable to construct a bar chart to graphically display the results.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4949) Bar charts can typically be formed with the bars vertical or horizontal without adversely affecting the interpretation.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5050) Bar charts can show either frequency or percentage.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5151) A tire store manager has collected data showing the number of tires of each brand sold during the past month. A bar chart might be effective in graphically illustrating which brands tend to sell best at this store.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5252) A pie chart is almost always constructed when the variable of interest is qualitative.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5353) In situations involving two or more variables, both histograms and bar charts can be used for multiple variables on the same graph.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5454) The Wilson company monitors customer complaints and organizes these complaints into six distinct categories. Over the past year, the company has received 534 complaints. One possible graphical method for representing these data would be a histogram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5555) The difference between bar charts and histograms is that bar charts always show percentage while histograms always show frequency.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5656) When developing a bar chart, it is usually preferable to organize the bars in order from high to low.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5757) A stem and leaf diagram is most similar to a bar chart.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5858) One of the differences between a stem and leaf diagram and a histogram is that even for variables involving a large number of different values, the stem and leaf diagram shows the individual data values whereas the histogram requires you to group the data and lose the individual values.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5959) A study was recently conducted in which makers of toothpaste tracked sales for the month at different stores in a market area. The variable of interest was the number of units sold. The numbers ranged from 1,200 to 22,700. In this case, the stems in a stem and leaf diagram might be values such as 1 and 22 while the leaves would be 200 and 700.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6060) In constructing a stem and leaf diagram, there is a hard-and-fast rule for defining the stem and the leaves.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6161) A stem and leaf diagram is more appropriate for graphically displaying a joint frequency distribution than is a histogram since the stems can be used to display one variable while the leaves can be used to display the second variable.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6262) If the Viking Sales Company plans to display the sales for each of its six major products for the year 2001, an effective chart to do this would be a histogram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6363) In preparing a line chart, the horizontal axis shows time and the vertical axis shows the value of the variable of interest.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6464) In a scatter plot the points should always be connected with a line.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6565) A university recently collected data for a sample of 200 business majors. One variable collected was the number of credits left to be taken before graduation. This variable could effectively be displayed using a line chart.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6666) A scatter diagram is a line graph without the points connected by a line.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6767) A major insurance company believes that for drivers between 16 years of age and 60 years of age, the number of accidents per year tends to decrease as age increases. If this is the case, a scatter diagram should show a negative relationship between the two variables.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6868) Sawyer & Company is a law firm in Dallas, Texas. Recently, the administrative manager prepared a report for the managing partners that showed the number of court cases handled by the firm monthly over the past three years. It was appropriate for her to use a line chart in this case.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6969) Sawyer & Company is a law firm in Dallas, Texas. Recently, the administrative manager prepared a report for the managing partners that showed the number of court cases handled by the firm monthly over the past three years. One of the objectives of graphing these data might have been to identify a trend in the number of court cases.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7070) To show the relationship between amount of rainfall and the number of car accidents, the best type of graph to use is a scatter diagram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7171) The J.B. Hanson Company is interested in analyzing the relationship between end-of-the-week inventory levels and sales for the same week. The graph that most likely would be used to show this relationship is a histogram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7272) A study at State University involved an analysis of students' GPAs and the number of hours that they work at jobs off-campus. An appropriate graph to display the relationship between these two variables might be a scatter diagram.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7373) When developing a scatter diagram, it is appropriate to connect the points on the graph with straight lines or the lines can be omitted.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7474) Scatter diagrams can be used for either quantitative or qualitative data.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7575) If two variables are graphed on the same line chart, two separate scales are always required.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7676) If a scatter diagram shows points that are reasonably aligned and are sloping downward from left to right, this implies that there is a negative linear relationship between the two variables.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7777) A scatter diagram can show that the relationship between two variables is actually nonlinear.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7878) A scatter diagram can show whether a pair of variables has a strong or weak relationship, and also whether it is linear or curved.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7979) Roscoe and Associates makes computer software for use in the telecommunications industry. Recently, managers at the company collected data for the year 2001 on three variables: total dollars spent on research and development, total sales dollars, and total employee salaries. To graphically present these three variables, the managers would be justified in using a line chart with all three variables plotted.
- ATrue
- BFalse
8080) On a scatter diagram, the independent variable should be placed on the horizontal axis and the dependent variable should be placed on the vertical axis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
8181) In analyzing a single quantitative variable, you will generally choose to use a scatter diagram if the variable is measured over time and a histogram if the variable is cross-sectional.
- ATrue
- BFalse
8282) A histogram is most commonly used to analyze which of the following?
- AA) Nominal level data
- BB) Quantitative data
- CC) Time-series data
- DD) Ordinal data
8383) The Maple Grove Hotel manager has collected data on the number of rooms occupied each evening for the past 700 nights. The fewest rooms occupied during that period was 11 and the most was the capacity, 430. Based on this information, which of the following would be reasonable class limits for the first class if the manager wishes to use 8 classes to develop a frequency distribution?
- AA) 0 to 40
- BB) 10 to < 65
- CC) 11 to 19
- DD) 0 to 52.38
8484) Recently a study of fans attending the New York Mets baseball games was conducted and 500 fans were surveyed. In forming a frequency distribution of the number of miles fans traveled from home to the stadium, it was found that 247 fans traveled between 0 and 5 miles. Based on this information what was the relative frequency for this class?
- AA) 0.247
- BB) 0.30
- CC) 0.494
- DD) Can't be determined without more information.
8585) Frequency distributions can be formed from which of the following types of data?
- AA) Both discrete and continuous
- BB) Discrete only
- CC) Continuous only
- DD) Only qualitative data
8686) A common rule of thumb for determining how many classes to use when developing a frequency distribution with classes is:
- AA) between 5 and 20 classes.
- BB) no fewer than 6 classes.
- CC) equal to 0.25 times the number of data values.
- DD) at least 10 classes.
8787) Which of the following is an acceptable format for setting up class boundaries for a frequency distribution?
- AA) 20 to under 40
- BB) 20 to 40
- CC) 200 to 299.99
- DD) All of the above.
8888) Which of the following is not considered desirable when constructing a frequency distribution for continuous data?
- AA) Open-ended classes
- BB) Mutually exclusive classes
- CC) Equal-width classes
- DD) All-inclusive classes
8989) Many Walmart stores have automotive departments where customers can buy tires, have their vehicles serviced, and obtain other automotive services. Recently, the manager at an Ohio Walmart collected data on the time customers had to wait to get the desired automotive service. Of the 500 cars in the sample, the shortest time any customer spent waiting was 3 minutes and the longest time was 183 minutes. Assuming that the manager wishes to develop a frequency distribution with 9 classes, which of the following would be an appropriate class width for each class?
- AA) 10.50
- BB) 19.99
- CC) 20.00
- DD) 3 to 23
9090) A histogram is used to display which of the following characteristics for a quantitative variable?
- AA) The approximate center of the data
- BB) The spread in the data
- CC) The shape of the distribution
- DD) All of the above.
9191) When using Excel's Histogram option under the Data Analysis tool, the term bins refers to:
- AA) the mid-point of each class.
- BB) the column where the data are located.
- CC) the upper limits of each class.
- DD) the lower limits of each class.
9292) In forming the classes for a frequency distribution and histogram, suppose there were a number of empty classes. You should:
- AA) increase the class width.
- BB) decrease the class width.
- CC) keep the current class width.
- DD) use an ogive instead.
9393) A frequency histogram should be computed from which type of data?
- AA) Quantitative data
- BB) Categorical data
- CC) Nominal level data
- DD) Ordinal data
9494) Which of the following is a reason for constructing a joint frequency distribution?
- AA) To determine the trend between the two variables
- BB) To measure the spread between the two variables
- CC) To help analyze the relationship between the two variables
- DD) To show the average of two variables
9595) Joint frequency distributions are used to display:
- AA) the histograms of two variables analyzed simultaneously.
- BB) the number of occurrences at each of the possible joint occurrences of two variables.
- CC) the cumulative distribution of a variable with two possible outcomes.
- DD) the relative frequency of two variables.
9696) A study was recently done in which the brand preference for breakfast cereal was analyzed against the gender of the shopper. The study consisted of 200 male shoppers and 300 female shoppers. Three different cereal brands were considered: A, B, and C. A total of 250 female shoppers preferred brand A, 25 female shoppers preferred brand C. The number of female shoppers that preferred brand B was:
- AA) 25.
- BB) 100.
- CC) 75.
- DD) 50.
9797) A study was recently done in which the brand preference for breakfast cereal was analyzed against the gender of the shopper. The study consisted of 200 male shoppers and 300 female shoppers. Three different cereal brands were considered: A, B, and C. A total of 250 female shoppers preferred brand A, 25 female shoppers preferred brand C. A total of 100 shoppers preferred brand B. The number of male shoppers that preferred brand B was:
- AA) 25.
- BB) 100.
- CC) 75.
- DD) 50.
9898) The undergraduate students at your university are classified as freshmen, sophomores, juniors, or seniors. A recent study of undergraduates asked the students to indicate the number of credits they were registered for this term. The responses were 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18. The number of cells in a joint frequency distribution for the two variables, class standing, and credit hours is:
- AA) 4.
- BB) 10.
- CC) 24.
- DD) None of the above.
9999) Which of the following CANNOT be shown effectively with a histogram?
- AA) A frequency distribution
- BB) A joint frequency distribution
- CC) A relative frequency distribution
- DD) The center, shape and spread of a distribution
100100) Which of the following is NOT true of a bar chart?
- AA) It is used for numerical data.
- BB) The bars can be either horizontal or vertical.
- CC) It can show either frequency or relative frequency.
- DD) It is used for categorical data.
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- Quiz on Untitled, created by Mohammed A.Rasheed on 25/05/2015.
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- Mohammed A.Rasheed
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