Quiz
unit d b30
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Questions in this quiz (80)
1Polydactylism in Humans
In a population of humans, the gene for number of fingers has two forms. Individuals with the dominant form of this gene have six fingers. Individuals with the recessive form of the gene have five fingers. In one generation, the frequency of recessive alleles was found to be 0.0021. In the next generation, the frequency of the recessive alleles was also 0.0021.
According to the conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg principle, the frequency of the recessive alleles from one generation to the next indicates that- Athe population sampled must have been very large
- Bnew mutations of the dominant form of the gene were appearing in the population
- Cpeople with polydactylism tend to mate with other people with polydactylism
- Dthere was a considerable immigration of people into the population sampled.
2Lizards
On a small (1.4 km2) island in the Pacific Ocean, a researcher noticed two forms of a lizard. One form was light grey and the other was black. The total population of the species was always around 150 individuals. Over a period of 5 years, the number of black lizards increased from 12 to 54 individuals.
The most probable cause of the increase in the number of black lizards is- Arandom mating of the lizards
- Bgenetic equilibrium.
- Cnatural selection in favour of the black form.
- Dimmigration of black lizards from another island
3Butterflies
On a small island off the coast of England, most of a population of butterflies had six spots on the hind wing year after year. There were a few butterflies in the population with five spots, and even a few individuals with four spots on their hind wing. The population was sampled annually and routinely had a size of well over 1000 individuals. However, something happened to the population one year, and only one individual butterfly from this population could be found. The next year butterflies of this population were once again abundant, but now most of the individuals in the population had only four spots on their hind wing.
The change in the number of wing spots in this population of butterflies is an example of- Anon-random mating in the population
- BHardy-Weinberg equilibrium
- Cthe bottleneck effect
- Dnatural selection
4Natural selection is the only process that leads directly to
- AHardy-Weinberg equilibrium
- Bevolutionary adaptation
- Csexual adaptation
- Dthe founder effect
5Natural selection occurs when
- Aindividuals change in response to a changing environment
- Bthere is genetic variation in a population and the environment can support more individuals than are born
- Cthere is genetic variation in a population and the environment is changing
- Dmore individuals are born than can survive in an environment that is not changing
6The population that would most likely exhibit the effects of genetic drift is one with a population size of
47 individuals
15 000 individuals- A47 individuals
- B15 000 individuals
- C250 individuals
- D200 individuals
7The population most likely to be in genetic equilibrium is
- Aa medium-sized population of birds where females select mates on the basis of male size.
- Ba large population of birds that is isolated from other populations of the same species by a mountain range
- Ca large population of birds in close contact with other populations of the same species
- Da small population of birds on an island.
8Which row below would indicate the species most likely to have experienced genetic change due to the bottleneck effect?
- AIn 1999, one thousand cow-calf pairs roamed the foothills on a ranch in southern Alberta.
- BBanff had a robust elk population numbering in the thousands in 2004.
- CIn 2006, the population of coyotes in Calgary was estimated at 600 individuals.
- DIn 1938, only 14 adult whooping cranes (Grus americana) survived.
9Use this table to answer the next four questions.
Population Population size (N) Recessive allele frequency in different generations
A 23 0.234 -> 0.179 -> 0.112
B 147 0.337 -> 0.335 -> 0.351
C 9085 0.540 -> 0.541 -> 0.540
D 12960 0.348 -> 0.356 -> 0.401
The population in the chart that is most likely experiencing genetic drift is the population labelled- AA
- BB
- CC
- DD
10The population most likely to be experiencing genetic equilibrium is population
- AA
- BB
- CC
- DD
11The population most likely experiencing natural selection is population
- AA
- BB
- CC
- DD
12In order to establish that natural selection is occurring in one of the four populations, scientists would have to
- Ameasure immigration and emigration
- Bmonitor population density.
- Cprevent mutations from occurring
- Drandomly mate individuals in the population in each generation
13If the population of fruit flies was isolated in a small container and the dominant allele was decreasing, the change in the frequency of the dominant allele would most likely be caused by
- Aimmigration and emigration
- Brandom mating
- Cgenetic drift
- Dall individuals having an equal chance of mating
14Using the information from the last question. Assume this was a wild population of fruit flies in a tropical forest. An evolutionary biologist would be interested in this population because it
- Amight be experiencing a bottleneck.
- Bis likely experiencing natural selection against the dominant allele.
- Cis experiencing a high rate of mutation
- Dseems that the recessive allele is overpowering the dominant allele.
15Chestnut Blight Fungus
During the last century, the chestnut blight fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica), an introduced species, decimated populations of the American chestnut tree (Castanea dentate).
As a result of the chestnut blight fungus, the current populations of American chestnut trees have little genetic variation due to the- Abottleneck effect
- Bgooseneck effect
- CHardy-Weinberg equilibrium
- Dfounder effect
16A scientist would not expect the allele frequencies for attached and unattached ear lobes in this population to be the same in the next generation because
- Aimmigration into this population is not allowed
- Bthere are many alleles that determine ear lobe shape in humans
- Cthe population is very small
- Dgenetic drift could not occur
17Theoretically, in predator-prey interactions, the predator population
- Atends to remain lower than the prey population
- Btends to reach peaks that are higher than those of the prey population.
- Cremains relatively constant since predators are r-selected.
- Ddecreases before the population of prey decreases.
18Which of the following best compares a predator-prey interaction to a herbivore-producer interaction?
- AIn both interactions, a plant species and an animal species is involved.
- BIn both interactions, one individual benefits while the other individual loses
- CIn both interactions, both of the individuals involved benefit
- DIn both interactions, both of the individuals involved are harmed
19In order to identify the symbiotic relationships that have co-evolved between individuals of different species, a scientist should
- Aestablish which species gains and which species loses in the community.
- Bensure that the species are found in the same community.
- Cdetermine which species feeds on the other species
- Ddetermine the trophic levels of each species.
20Borneo grasshoppers
In Borneo, the grasshopper (Condylodera tricondyloides) resembles tiger beetles so closely in appearance and mode of running that for years it was placed with them in museum collections.
The grasshopper benefits from the tiger beetle’s reputation for aggression. However, beetles and grasshoppers do develop differently. During its juvenile stage, this grasshopper lives in flowers with another tiger beetle, Collyris sarawakensis, which it closely resembles in size and colour.
In this example, the grasshopper (Condylodera tricondyloides) is using which type of defense mechanism?- ABatesian mimicry
- BMullerian mimicry
- Cmutualism
- Dpredation
21The six-spotted ladybird beetle is orange and black, and tastes terrible to birds. The monarch butterfly is also orange and black and is usually toxic to birds. The six-spotted ladybird beetle and the monarch butterfly both utlize this defense mechanism known as
- Acryptic colouration
- Bprotective colouration
- CBatesian mimicry
- DMullerian mimicry
22Interactions
1. mutualism
2. interspecific competition
3. predation
4. Müllerian mimicry
5. commensalism
6. parasitism
7. intraspecific competition
8. Batesian mimicry
Identify the interactions where one individual benefits while another individual loses something. Record your answer in lowest to highest numerical order in the answer space. [blank_start]2367[blank_end]- A2367
23A rancher grazes cattle in a forest reserve. The cattle selectively graze grasses, herbs, and small shrubs. After 10 years, the cattle are removed from the forest and the forest begins to change back to the way it was before the cattle were introduced. The changes in the forest would be an example of
- Aprimary succession
- Bpioneer community
- Ca climax community
- Dsecondary succession
24As succession progresses,
- Aproductivity decreases and diversity increases.
- Bproductivity increases and diversity increases
- Cproductivity decreases and diversity decreases
- Dproductivity increases and diversity decreases
25Boreal Forest
The boreal forest (also known as the taiga, a Russian word meaning swampy moist forest) is found in a nearly continuous belt across North America and Eurasia. Most of Canada and Russia are covered by coniferous trees that make up this biome. This biome is defined mainly by the trees that compose it. Subclimax plant communities may have deciduous trees like larch, tamarack and birch. Much of the zone that this biome covers was formerly glaciated. Today large sections have permanent permafrost.
The climax community of the boreal forest is most likely a mixture of- Alarch, tamarack, and birch.
- Blichens, grasses, and low shrubs.
- Cfir, spruce, and pine trees
- Dhigh shrub, shrub-tress, and low trees.
26The “r” in r-selected populations refers to
- Athe symbiotic relationship in which one partner benefits and the other is harmed
- Bthe biotic potential of the population.
- Cthe carrying capacity of the population
- Dthe rapid growth of this type of population
27Apple trees or cherry trees grown in orchards in British Columbia would most likely exhibit which population distribution pattern?
- Auniform
- Br-selected
- Cclumped
- DK-selected
28Which row below correctly groups the growth pattern and life strategy of a hypothetical animal population to the stage of plant succession?
- Aexponential, r-selected, pioneer species abundant
- Bexponential, K-selected, climax community established
- Clogistic, r-selected, climax community established
- Dlogistic, K-selected, pioneer species abundant
29Many island dwelling organisms are
- Ausually descendent from the same species
- Bevolving quickly due to high gene flow
- Creproductively isolated from members of the same species on the island
- Dgeographically isolated from members of the same species on the mainland
30The term for the mechanism of evolution which disrupts the genetic equilibrium in small populations is called genetic [blank_start]drift[blank_end].
- Adrift
31The best evidence that two populations belong to the same species is that they have
- Asimilar characteristics.
- Bnon-fertile offspring produced from interbreeding in captivity.
- Cthe same ecological niche requirements.
- Dfertile offspring produced under natural conditions.
32Exponential (J-Shaped) population curves usually show:
- Aslow growths in population size
- Bcontinuously increasing rates of growth
- Crapid growth followed by a leveling off
- Dincreasing rates of growth followed by leveling off and finally by decreasing rates of growth
33Which symbiotic relationship does the following portray?
Venus Flytraps capture and consume small insects.- Acommensalism
- Bmutualism
- Cpredation
- Dparasitism
34The mechanism of evolution which disrupts the genetic equilibrium in small populations is
- Apredation
- Bcompetition
- Cgenetic drift
- Dmate selection
35In a closed system, where there are no limiting factors, organisms can expect to see rapid population growth. Under these conditions, a population will be most affected by
- Athe carrying capacity
- Bits biotic potential
- Cits density dependent factors
- Denvironmental resistance
36An abiotic factor which would affect natality (birth) and mortality (death) rates would be the amount of:
- Afood
- Bwater
- Cpredators
- Dprey
37Which one of the following species would be the most affected by genetic drift?
- Aendangered desert fish living in ponds in the southern states
- Bcolonies of penguins living in the Antarctic
- Cherds of caribou living in the Tundra
- Dpopulations of robins in Western Canada
38Population growth in Third World countries could be considered
- Aexpansive
- Bconstrictive
- Cstable
- Ddeclining
39Biotic potential is determined by all of the following except
- Anumber of offspring in a litter
- Bcapacity for survival
- Cthe number of times an organism reproduces
- Da calculation of carrying capacity
40Which of the following could MOST LIKELY result in the geographic isolation of field mice?
- Aoveruse of pesticides in an orchard causing mutations
- Bclose proximity to an industrial plant causing deafness
- Cvolcanic eruption resulting in an extensive lava flow
- Drestricted availability of a food source due to drought
41Which one of the following is the BEST example of genetic drift?
- Adark coloured mice are easily seen and therefore preyed upon by owls
- Bpopulations of caribou migrate to different areas
- Cgophers are occasionally killed by machinery in a farmer's field
- Dtrout are mutated by chemicals in the water
42Use the following information to answer the first seven questions.
The Old Order Pennsylvania Amish are the descendants of a small group of Swiss settlers who fled to North America in the 1700s to escape modern ways. They settled in Pennsylvania beginning in 1740 and to this day maintain the same simple farming lifestyle as when they arrived, doing without modern conveniences and technology. The Amish generally marry within their own colony and keep largely to themselves. One of the founders of the Old Order Amish was afflicted with Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome—an autosomal recessive condition that results in polydactyly, which is typified by the presence of extra fingers or toes. The Amish population grew from the original 200 members who migrated from Switzerland, to 8000 by 1964, when population geneticists discovered the frequency of the EVC allele in the Amish population to be 0.07 as compared to 0.001 in the general population, both in America and Switzerland.
Can we say that evolution has been occurring in the Amish population since they immigrated to North America?- Ayes, because the frequency of the EVC allele has increased
- Byes, because the population is very small
- Cno, because we are not given information regarding the frequency of the EVC allele in the original Amish colonizers
- Dno, because even though inbreeding increased the frequency of the EVC allele, natural selection decreased the frequency of the allele
43The most likely cause of the difference in the frequency of the EVC allele in the Amish population versus the original Swiss population from which the Amish emigrated is
- Agene flow to migration
- Bgenetic drift due to the founder effect
- Cnatural selection
- Dchange in the mutation rate from the normal allele to the EVC allele
44Answer the next six questions using the information below.
Coyotes are common across Alberta and most Canadian provinces. Larger than a dog, but smaller than a wolf, coyotes live in small closely-related packs, usually hunting at night in pairs. They eat mostly small mammals such as hares, rabbits, mice, voles, and squirrels, though packs are capable of bringing down elk or moose hundreds of kilograms in weight. Where livestock is unprotected or normal food sources depleted, coyotes will attack livestock such as sheep, chickens, and calves, which can be a significant economic drain. Farmers and ranchers are allowed to shoot coyotes that present a risk to their livestock. Coyotes breed once a year between January and March and produce six pups on average. Coyote pairs have been known to remain monogamous for years and both parents help in care and feeding. Male pups leave the pack within a year and attempt to join another. Female pups stay with the pack. Coyotes will dig their own burrows or use the abandoned burrows of rodents. Coyote territories can be several kilometres in diameter and they will attempt to defend their territory from fox, badgers, bear, bobcats, and lynx. Both the lynx and coyote have a population cycle of about ten years that follows that of the snowshoe hare. Urban development has actually favoured coyote populations—with urban coyotes showing better survival than their rural counterparts due to easily accessible food sources such as rodents and pets. Coyotes have adapted equally well to parks, river valleys, and industrial areas. Higher densities in cities have resulted in higher predation of pets, and more attacks on humans, as coyotes increasingly lose their fear of people.
The reproductive strategy of coyotes is most likely- Ar-selected because coyotes only reproduce once a year
- Br-selected because of late sexual maturity
- CK-selected because parents nurture their young
- DK-selected because it is a predator
45Density-independent factors that limit coyote population size include
- Anumbers of snowshoe hares
- Bseverity of winters
- Clack of suitable territory
- Dpresence of disease
46The relationship between foxes and coyotes is one of
- Apredator-prey
- Bintraspecific competition
- Cinterspecific competition
- Dmutualism
47A graph showing snowshoe hare and coyote population numbers would show all of the following except
- Ahigher coyote populations than hare populations
- Ban interval between the peak of the hare cycle and the peak of the coyote cycle
- Cpopulation peaks approximately ten years apart
- Dhigher hare populations than coyote populations
48The relationship between coyotes and the rodents whose abandoned burrows are taken over by coyotes is:
- Amutualism
- Bcommensalism
- Ccompetition
- Dparasitism
49The mechanism responsible for the evolution of antibiotic resistant bacteria is:
- Agenetic drift
- Bchange in mutation rate
- Cgene flow
- Dnatural selection
50The population most likely to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium is:
- Acloned monoculture plants
- Bagricultural livestock
- Cdeer in a game reserve
- Dmoose in the wild
51Use the following to answer the next two questions.
An abandoned farm was left to grow over. The dry earth was soon covered in grasses then thistles, followed by small bushes like raspberry and rose, then larger bushes such as chokecherry and saskatoon berry. After a few years, Aspen poplars appeared. No further replacement occurred, and the area remained an Aspen forest.
The scenario above is an example of a- Anatural selection
- Bprimary succession
- Csecondary succession
- Dartificial selection
52The pioneer species is
- Agrasses
- BAspen poplar
- Cthe original crop that covered the land
- Dthe species that is the last to invade the area
53A presence of a carrying capacity is typical of populations
- Athat reproduce exponentially
- Bthat display an S curve
- Cthat are controlled by density-independent factors
- Dthat display a J curve
54All of the following are characteristic of populations illustrating a J curve EXCEPT:
- Aboom and bust cycles
- Breproduction at biotic potential
- Cenvironmental resistance
- Ddoubling each generation
55K is defined as
- Athe number of prey a predator needs to survive
- Bthe total number of offspring a female can produce in a lifetime
- Cthe number of individuals a habitat can support in the long term
- Dthe number of individuals within a population when it crashes
56As a population’s density increases
- Adeath rate decreases
- Bintraspecific competition increases
- Cinterspecific competition is reduced
- Drates of advantageous mutations increase
57The most important difference between humans and other animals in terms of population growth is
- Ahumans can modify their environment if resources are depleted
- Bhumans have a much lower birth rate
- Chumans are capable of planning family size
- Dhumans demonstrate the capacity to live within the resources that their habitats provide
58Population change that decreases variation in a gene pool
- Aresults in a population more suited to its environment
- Ballows a greater diversity of organisms to survive
- Cdecreases the chances of survival during environmental change
- Dresults in a larger population size
59An example of clumped distribution is:
- Afruit trees in an orchard
- Bstrawberries that send out runners from the parent plant to establish new plants
- Cterritorial bears
- Dadult mosquitoes
60A key to identifying a new species as K-selected species is that
- AK-selected species demonstrate a J growth curve
- BK-selected species will eventually stabilize at a sustainable carrying capacity
- CK-selected species will continue to reproduce at their biotic potential
- DK-selected species will show population crashes associated with density-independent factors
61Wildlife reserves or conservation game parks can cause microevolution by:
- Aincreasing gene flow
- Bincreasing variation in the population
- Ccausing genetic drift through inbreeding
- Dincreasing the numbers of organisms that are naturally selected
62The rapidly growing human population is endangering populations of K-strategists while favouring r-strategists. Examples of K-strategists and r-strategists are respectively
- Abeavers and houseflies
- Brabbits and elephants
- Ccockroaches and dandelions
- Dmosquitoes and woodpeckers
63In recent years the population of Canada geese has increased dramatically.
In their northern summer nesting grounds, the high nesting density of geese has left little foraging or nesting space for other species of birds. The large numbers of birds feeding on the same vegetation erodes the soil and prevents regrowth. In their southern wintering grounds natural marshland has been replaced with cropland. The easily accessible grains and stubble provide a plentiful food source. Hunting, which has been a traditional method of keeping goose populations down, has fallen out of favour culturally. Geese have recently invaded urban centres, attracted by the rich grass of city parks. Their copious feces are considered by many as a source of pollution and the birds are considered pests by many city-dwellers.
The goose population is probably in- Aexponential growth forming a J curve
- Bin the exponential growth phase of an S curve
- Cin the lag phase of the growth curve
- Dat carrying capacity
64That the high density of Canada geese has left little forage or nesting sites for other birds is an example of
- Aa behavioural defense that reduces competition
- Bintraspecific competition
- Cnatural selection
- Dinterspecific competition
65What is your prediction for ten years from now?
- ADensity-independent factors will limit population growth.
- BThe population will continue to grow at the same rate.
- CLack of food, nesting sites, and high predation will act as density-dependent factors controlling the population.
- DThe population will continue to grow exponentially, then crash.
66If gene flow is occurring in this population, it can reasonably be said that the population is
- Agrowing
- Bundergoing natural selection
- Cundergoing micro-evolution
- Ddecreasing in density
67A small population of birds is isolated on an island during a tropical storm, with no possibility of flying back to their home island. Which of the following supports the fact that the new population will likely undergo genetic drift in the form of the founder effect?
- AThe population is small.
- BThe population is genetically unrepresentative of the original population.
- CThe population members are all genetically similar.
- DThe population is reproductively isolated.
68Those homozygous for the HbS allele will be more likely to contract sickle cell anemia and have a higher risk of death. Those homozygous for the HbA allele will not have sickle cell anemia, but have a high risk of malaria. Those heterozygous for the alleles (HbSHbA) have lower rates of both sickle cell anemia and malaria.
What is a reasonable prediction?- AThe sickle cell allele will eventually disappear because those that are homozygous for the sickle cell allele will die.
- BThose with malaria will increase in the population.
- CThe proportion of heterozygous individuals will increase.
- DThose individuals homozygous for the HbS allele will increase.
69The adult female guinea worm lives under the skin of many people in tropical countries. It can grow to 90 cm but gives no symptoms until it burrows to the surface of the skin to release its larva from painful blister-like eruptions. The long adult worm then takes weeks to work its way out of the skin. Most people get infected by drinking water contaminated by water fleas, a second organism in which the guinea worm completes its life cycle.
Which of the following accurately describes the relationships between organisms?- AThe guinea worm is a parasite to both human and water flea hosts.
- BThe guinea worm is predator to human and water flea prey.
- CThe guinea worm is predator to human prey but parasitic on water fleas.
- DThe guinea worm is parasite to human hosts, but water fleas are predators to guinea worms.
70Which of the following would be the most effective way to reduce the incidence of guinea-worm infections in the local population?
- Ause of medications that destroy the worm
- Bpublic education programs that describe symptoms of infection
- Cdigging wells to provide clean drinking water
- Dprevention of eruption of larvae from the skin
71White-tailed deer populations have recently been affected by chronic wasting disease, a contagious illness that is similar to that which causes bovine encephalitis, or mad-cow disease. White-tailed deer populations and growth rates are currently very high in Alberta, with high food availability and low predation. Which of the following is likely true?
- AChronic wasting disease is a density-dependent limiting factor.
- BHigh food availability and low predation are examples of increasing environmental resistance.
- CChronic wasting disease will increase gr of the population.
- DThe effects of chronic wasting disease on the population are not related to the density of the population.
72White-tailed deer are
- Ar-selected because they are large animals and have a long lifespan
- BK-selected because they produce few young and nurture them
- Cr-selected because they are controlled mostly by density-independent factors
- DK-selected because population numbers are large
73Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
A sterile agar Petri plate is inoculated with a pure culture of bacteria and the sample is distributed evenly over the surface of the plate. Paper discs that have been soaked with antibiotics Aureomycin (A) and penicillin (P) are placed at opposite sides of the plate. After 24 hours of incubation, a clear ring with no bacterial growth is discovered around disc A, but not around disc P. However, in the clear ring around disc A, a single bacterial colony is observed.
The single colony found within the clear ring around disc A is most likely made up of the descendants of a bacterial cell that- Awere resistant to penicillin, but not Aureomycin
- Bhad a genotype that gave resistance to Aureomycin but not penicillin
- Cbecame resistant to Aureomycin upon its exposure to the antibiotic
- Dwas sensitive to both penicillin and Aureomycin
74Bacteria taken from the lone colony around disc A were inoculated onto a new sterile agar plate (plate II) and distributed evenly. A new disc A and disc P were placed on the surface of the plate and incubated for 24 hours. What would you expect to observe in plate II after 24 hours?
- AA clear ring larger than that around disc A in plate I would appear around disc A only.
- BA clear ring smaller than that around disc A in plate I would appear around disc P only.
- CThere would be a clear ring around both disc A and disc P.
- DThere would not be a clear ring around either disc A or disc P.
75A large population of laboratory animals has been allowed to breed randomly for a number of generations. After several generations, 49% of the animals display a recessive trait (bb), the same percentage as at the beginning of the breeding program. The rest of the animals show the dominant phenotype, with heterozygotes indistinguishable from homozygous dominants.
What is a reasonable hypothesis as to why the frequency of allele b has not changed over time?- AGene flow is occurring.
- BMate selection is occurring.
- CThere has been an increased rate of mutation of allele B to allele b.
- DNatural selection is not occurring.
76Which of the following may indicate that a population is evolving?
- Aa population with an unchanging environment
- Ba large population
- Ca population in which each individual reproduces with the same success
- Da population where mate selection occurs
77Which of the following density-independent factors has the ability to cause a new secondary succession?
- Afrost and/or hail
- Brising global temperatures
- Cfire
- Davalanche
78In the more boggy parts of northern Alberta, secondary succession usually begins with moss and ends with black spruce. Which of the following statements about succession is correct?
- AThe black spruce is known as the pioneer species, and the moss is the climax species in this succession.
- BEach species of the succession cools the ground with shade and adds moisture and nutrients to the soil.
- CAlthough the plant species undergo succession, the animal communities remain the same.
- DThe succession described is a primary succession.
79Which of the following is an accurate and supportable assessment of human population?
- ABecause human beings are K-selected, the growth curve has levelled off to a carrying capacity.
- BBecause human beings are r-selected, the growth rates are near exponential values.
- CThe growth curve is nearly exponential due to technological enhancement of Earth’s carrying capacity.
- DThe growth curve will continue in a J-shaped pattern until a correcting population crash occurs.
80Which of the following is most likely to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
- Aa large hog farm operation in central Alberta
- Ba population of 50 birds stranded on an isolated island as sea levels rose
- Ca population of 5000 caribou that spends half the year near the Arctic ocean and the other half in the central mountains of the Yukon
- Da population of 1000 deer near a nuclear reactor radiation leakage site
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- Quiz on unit d b30, created by David Nguyen on 21/03/2024.
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