Quiz
Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery - CM (121-148)
Questions in this quiz (28)
1The clinical manifestations characteristic of chronic venous insufficiency are:
- AEdema
- BPachyderm
- CTrophic ulcer
- DErythrosis of declivity
- EOther dermatitis
2Non-invasive paraclinical investigations in vein diseases are:
- APhotoplethysmography
- BVenous Doppler test
- CPhlebography
- DVenous Doppler ultrasound
- ERadioactive labeled fibrinogen scintigraphy
3A multitude of signs and symptoms have been described as part of the clinical picture of deep vein thrombosis:
- AAbsent of fever
- BThe climbing pulse-Mahler's sign
- CSpontaneous pain, located in the knuckle, which is accentuated by palpation and dorsiflexion of the foot-sign of Homans
- DDilation of the pretibial skin veins -sighn of Pratt.
- Esensitivity to palpation on the deep venous trajectory of the leg from the internal retromaleolar groove to the popliteal region.
4The indications for placing an inferior vena cava filter are:
- ARecurrent pulmonary embolism despite adequate anticoagulation
- BCertain pulmonary embolism in patients in whom anticoagulant treatment is contraindicated.
- CComplications of the anticoagulant treatment that forces you to stop treatment
- DBefore pulmonary embolectomy
- EFollowing pulmonary embolectomy.
5Contraindications to closing of perforating veins are:
- AOcclusive arterial disease of that limb
- BVenous ulcer infection
- Cmorbid obesity
- DClass 4-6 CEAP clasiffication of venous insufficiency
- Eassociated severe pathology
6The treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis consists of:
- ANonsteroidal anti-inflammatory treatment
- BMaintenance with elastic band
- CAntibiotics
- DAnticoagulant treatment when the thrombotic process is extended to the deep vein system.
- ESurgical treatment in cases of ascending extension to the thigh.
7The following complications may appear as a result of injury to the arterial wall:
- AArterial spasm
- BThrombosis
- CEmbolism
- DIncrease in collagenase activity
- EAcute pain
8The clinical signs of arterial injury are:
- AExternal bleeding
- BLymphedema
- CExpansive hematoma
- DAcute ischemia
- EPerceptible trill
9These are options for surgical revascularization in open vascular
injury:- ALateral arterial or lateral venoraphysis
- BVenous patch angioplasty.
- CResection without interposition of a venous patch
- DBypass with venous graft.
- EResection with the interposition of a venous conduits.
10Which of the following is a cause of acute ischemia?
- AEmbolism
- BArterial injury
- CSpontaneous or iatrogenic arterial dissection
- DVasodilatation
- EVasospasm
11These are embolic sources in acute ischemia:
- AHeart's cavities
- BMyocardial aneurysm
- CParadoxical emboli (deep vein system)
- DSuperficial thrombophlebitis
- EAbdominal aneurysm
12The most commonly used thrombolytics are:
- ARecombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rt-PA)
- BUrokinase
- CStreptokinase
- DWarfarin
- EReteplase
13The following are characteristic of obliterating arteriopathy:
- APain with sudden onset
- BStenosis followed by occlusion
- CMultilevel disease
- DDevelopment of collateral circulation
- EClaudication
14Possible complications in the surgical treatment of aorto-iliac disease are:
- AThrombosis
- BIntraoperative atheroembolism
- CPopliteal artery rupture
- DDamage to the adjacent duodenum
- EInjury to the inferior vena cava and iliac vein
15The following clinical signs are due to chronic venous insufficiency:
- AVaricose veins
- BTelangiectasia
- CAbsence of pulse
- DEdema
- EReticular veins
16In the fetal circulation: The vast majority of deoxygenated blood in the superior vena cava enters primarily into?
- ARight atrium
- BForamen oval patent
- CLeft atrium
- DTricuspid valve
- ERight ventricle
17In the fetal circulation: The vast majority of deoxygenated blood in the
right ventricle is directed into?- APulmonary artery valve
- BBranch as the pulmonary artery
- CThe left branch of the pulmonary artery
- DArterial duct
- EDescending thoracic aorta
18Fetal circulation is characterized by:
- AHigh pulmonary vascular resistance secondary to filling the lungs with fluid and a hypoxic environment
- BLow systemic vascular resistance secondary to large area of utero-placental bed with low resistance
- CThe most oxygenated blood in the umbilical vein infuses the brain and heart, preferably by shunting the liver through the venous duct and bypassing the intracardiac by the oval foramen.
- DLess oxygenated blood infuses the lower body through the arterial duct into the descending thoracic aorta
- EThe most oxygenated blood infuses the lower body through the arterial duct into the descending thoracic aorta
19Are the pathological factors that determine the return to fetal circulation after the birth of the child?
- AHypothermia
- BHypercarbia
- CAcidosis
- DHypoxia
- ESepsis
20Does the functional unit of the mitral valve consist of the following?
- AMitral valve ring and two cusps
- BMyocardium of the left atrium and myocardium of the left ventricle
- CPapillary muscles and chordae tendineae
- DTodaro's tendon
- EAtrioventricular node
21What are the main mitral valve leaflets?
- AAnterior or aortic
- BPosterior or mural
- CSeptal
- Danterolateral
- Eposterior medial
22The area of the mitral valve ring is larger in?
- ALeft ventricular systole
- BLeft ventricular diastole
- CLeft atrium systole
- DLeft atrium diastole
- EIt does not depend on the function of the left ventricle and left atrium
23The most common etiological factors in acquired mitral valve stenosis are?
- ARheumatic fever caused by β-hemolytic Streptococcus A
- BDegenerative disease of the mitral valve with ring calcification
- CAutoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid disease
- DCarcionoid heart disease and drug-induced valvular heart disease
- EInfectious endocarditis of the mitral valve
24Mitral valve stenosis leads to?
- AObstruction of blood flow in the left ventricular diastole
- BObstruction of blood flow in the left ventricular systole
- CObstruction of blood flow in the left atrial systole
- DObstruction of blood flow in the left atrial diastole
- EIncreased pressure in the left atrium
25Pathophysiologically, does chronic mitral valve stenosis lead to the following morphological changes?
- APathological changes in the left ventricle
- BPathological changes in the left atrium
- CPathological changes in the pulmonary vascular bed
- DPathological changes in the tricuspid valve
- EPathological changes in Thebesius valve
26Does the physiological closure of the mitral valve depend on the interaction of the following components of the valvular apparatus?
- ALeft atrium and valvular ring
- BValve leaflets and chordae tendineae
- CPapillary muscles and left ventricle
- DTendon of Todaro and interatrial septum
- ERight fibrous trigone and left fibrous trigone
27The most common etiological factors in mitral valve insufficiency are?
- ACoronary artery disease
- BDilated cardiomyopathy
- CMitral valve prolapse
- DMyxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve
- ECalcification of the mitral valve ring
28Pathophysiologically, mitral valve failure leads to the following
changes, except?- APathological changes in the left ventricle
- BPathological changes in the left atrium (dilation)
- CPathological changes in the pulmonary vascular bed (secondary pulmonary hypertension)
- DPathological changes in the right ventricle
- EDramatic increase in pressure in the left atrium
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- 5/6 USMF, MED. 2, 5th Year (Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery) Quiz on Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery - CM (121-148), created by Sonya B. on 23/09/2026.
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- Sonya B.
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