12019359
| Question | Answer |
| Pattern of weakness in DMD is (distal _ proximal) | Proximal is weaker |
| Muscle tone is (high/low) in muscular dystrophy. | Low |
| T/F: Muscle generally atrophies in MD. | T. |
| Which of the following is affected in MD? Sensation Sphincter | Neither |
| What is a positive prognostic factor for MD? | Ability to walk |
| List the postural abnormalities in patients with muscular dystrophy. | 1. increased lumbar lordosis 2. scapular winging 3. contractures 4. increased BOS 5. scoliosis |
| Key interventions for children with muscular dystrophy are | 1. promote efficient posture with bracing 2. night splints to prevent contracture 3. avoid high intensity resistance training and eccentrics 4. submaximal aerobic exercise until early non-ambulatory stage 5. promote efficient movement strategies in a functional context |
| Why are stretches so important in muscular dystrophy? | it causes muscle to be replaced by connective tissue, which has decreased flexibility. |
| Recommended stretching dosage: | 4 - 6 days per week |
| Recommended standing program dosage for children with MD at early non-ambulatory stages | 60 min /day |
| What are some assistive devices a child with MD can use? | 1. bike (adapted) 2. standers 3. light weight manual chairs 4. power mobility |
| Progressive stages of DMD | 1. presymptomatic 2. early ambulatory 3. late ambulatory 4. early non-ambulatory 5. late non-ambulatory |
| Age range/ functional level for presymptomatic stage DMD | before 4 y.o. Might show developmental delay, no gait disturbance |
| Age range/ functional level for early ambulatory stage DMD | 4-5 y.o. Gower's sign, waddling gait, toe walking. Able to climb stairs. |
| Age range/ functional level for late ambulatory stage DMD | 6-7 y.o. Labored gait, losing ability to climb stairs and rise from floor. |
| Age range/ functional level for early non-ambulatory stage DMD | 8 - 9 y.o Maintains posture, might develop scoliosis, possible to propel self. |
| Age range/ functional level for late non-ambulatory stage DMD | by 10 y.o. UE function and postural maintenance is increasingly limited. |
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