172289
Description
Flashcards by fbleathman, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by fbleathman
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the mechanism of action of Beta lactams? | Interfere with cell wall synthesis Binds to and inactivates Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) (enzymes that catalyse the cross-linking of peptidogylcan in cell walls) → crosslinking inhibited → peptidoglycan precursors accumulate in cell → autolysis signal → apoptosis. |
| What is the mechanism of action of Aminoglycosides? | Bind to ribosomes → fail to make proteins → death |
| What is the mechanism of action of Chloramphenicol? | Binds to ribosomes → inhibits protein synthesis. |
| What is the mechanism of action of Daptomycin? | Attaches to and disrupts bacterial cell membrane. |
| What is the mechanism of action of Glycopeptides? | Inhibits cell wall synthesis (like beta lactams; bind to precursors and prevent peptidoglycan chains cross linking) → no cell wall formed → new cells die |
| What is the mechanism of action of Lincosamides? | Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis |
| What is the mechanism of action of Macrolides? | Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis |
| What is the mechanism of action of Nitroimidazoles? | Damage microbial DNA |
| What is the mechanism of action of Oxazolidonones? | Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis |
| What is the mechanism of action of Polymyxin? | Insert into bacterial outer membrane → increase cell permeability → death |
| What is the mechanism of action of Quinolones? | Inhibit DNA replication and repair |
| What is the mechanism of action of Rifamycins? | Inhibit RNA synthesis → no proteins made |
| What is the mechanism of action of Streptogramins? | Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis |
| What is the mechanism of action of Sulfanamides and trimethropin? | Inhibit folate synthesis |
| What is the mechanism of action of Tetracyclines? | Bind to ribosomes → inhibit protein synthesis - Binding is reversible (so bacteriostatic only) |
| Tetracyclines examples | - Doxycycline - Minocycline - Tigecycline |
| Sulfanamides and trimethropin example | Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (very effective synergistic combo) |
| Streptogramins examples | - Synergistic combination: quinupristin-dalfopristin - Pristinamycin is effects against some gram neg as well. |
| Rifamycins examples | - Rifampin and - Rifabutin only |
| Quinolones examples | - Ciprofloxacin - Moxifloxacin - Norfloxacin - Ofloxacin |
| Polymyxin examples | - Polymyxin B - Polymyxin E |
| Oxazolidonones example | Linezolid only |
| Nitroimidazoles examples | - Metronidazole and - Tinidazole only |
| Macrolides examples | - Erythromycin - Azithromycin - Clarithromycin |
| Lincosamides examples | - Clindamycin - Lincomycin |
| Glycopeptides | Inhibits cell wall synthesis (like beta lactams; bind to precursors and prevent peptidoglycan chains cross linking) → no cell wall formed → new cells die |
| Daptomycin | Attaches to and disrupts bacterial cell membrane. |
| Chloramphenicol | Chloramphenicol only |
| Aminoglycosides examples | - Gentamycin - Tobramycin - Amikacin - Streptomycin - Paromycin - Neomycin - Framycetin |
| Beta-lactams examples | - Carbapenams - Cephalosporins - Monobactams - Penicillins (e.g. amoxycillin) |
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