33196638
Description
Flashcards by Kayla Taylor, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kayla Taylor
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Hydrocarbon | chains of carbon and hydrogens |
| monosaturated | one double bond |
| unsaturated | a double bond |
| saturated | max number of hydrogens no double bonds |
| Fiber | important component of diet helps sweep out digestive system |
| 4 macromolecules | carbohydrates, lipids, protiens, nucleic acids |
| monomer | small individual organic molecules |
| polymer | monomer conbined |
| Dehydration sythesis | build a polymer out of monomers water molecule released to create bonds |
| Hydrololysis | breaking down polymers adding a water molecule to break bonds |
| carbohydrates function | energy |
| carbohydrates inclue 3 subtypes of | Sugars |
| 3 subtypes of sugar | -monosaccharide - disaccharide -polysaccharide |
| simple sugar | monosaccharide ex. glucose |
| storage of glucose | glycogen |
| 2 monosaccharides | disaccharide ex maltose= 2 glucose |
| more than 2 monosaccharide | polysaccharides long chains |
| Enantiomers | molecules that share the same chemical strucutre but are mirrored images L- left D- right |
| structure and function of polysaccharide depends on | monomers and position of glycosidic bonds |
| covalent bonds that are formed between monosaccharides | Glycosidic |
| What is starch | Storage polysaccharide |
| macromolecule that is nonpolar, hydrophobic and made of hydrocarbons | Lipid |
| what are the two main component of a lipid | Glycerol and fatty acid |
| What is a glycerol composed of | 3 carbon alcohols with hydroxyl group on each carbon |
| Triglyceride | 3 fatty acids and glycerol |
| Type of linkage in lipids | ester linkage |
| saturated fats | no double bonds and solid at room temp |
| unsaturated fats | double bonds and liquid at room temp |
| -ane -ene -yne | -single carbon bond -double carbon bond -triple carbon bond |
| aldoses | carbonyl group at end |
| ketoses | carbonyl group in middle |
| Amylose, branched or unbranched (starch) | unbranched |
| Amylopectin, branched or unbranched (starch) | branched |
| most common monosaccharide | Glucose |
| what is a fatty acid | carboxyl group attached to hydrocarbon |
| Omega 3s | essential fatty acid body does not synthesis it |
| fats function | energy storage 9 kcal per gram |
| where do mammals store fat | adipose cells |
| what is a phosolipid | major component of cell membrane -2 fatty acids -modified phosphate group -glycerol |
| what part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic and hydrophillic | fatty acids - hydrophobic phosphate - hydrophillic |
| Amphipathic | both hydrophobic and hydrophillic |
| what is a steriod | carbon skeleton of 4 linked rings |
| most abundent and diverse macromolecule | protien |
| monomer of protiens | amino acid |
| amino acids are linked together with ____ bonds | peptide |
| primary structure | amino acid sequence |
| secondary structure | alpha helix or beta sheets |
| tertiary structure | 3-d structure |
| bonds that hold together secondary protien structure | hydrogen bonds |
| quaternary structure | 2 or more polypeptide chains doesnt always get to quaternary |
| macromolecule that carries blueprints for protiens | nucleic acids |
| central dogma of bio | dna-mrna-protien |
| polymer of nucleic acids | polynucleotides |
| components of polynuceotides | -nitrogenous base -pentose suagr -phosphate group |
| pyrimides | single rings -cytosine -thymine |
| purines | 2 rings -adenine -guanine |
| polynucleotides joined by | phosphodiester bonds |
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