Chapter 9

Question	Answer
San-Culottes	3rd estate, wore pants lol, and struggled with food
Levee en masse	Conscript the masses! Lazare Carnot basically said that everyone has to fight for France
Parlement	Royal government that could veto attempts to tax the nobles
Louis XVI	stupid king that didnt want the nobles to rebel so he didn't tax them and would tax the 3rd estate which would lead to him being captured and he would try to escape and get caught and got executed
Marie Antoinette	Austrian princess who wasnt good with money and she didn't like her husband and only married for an alliance with france
Marquis de Lafayette	Good noble who arranged the national guard to help the revolution
Olympe de Gouges	Wrote the rights of women and wanted basic human rights for women
Count artois	Younger cousin of Louis that tried to help them escape
General Dumouriez	Lost a battle to the Austrians and then left to join them
Marat	radical writer that wanted girondins executed and was murdered in his bathtub by a girondin
Lazare Carnot	Conscript the masses
Robespierre	Leader of Jacobins and was very radical led the reign of terror which killed 20000 people got arrested by thermidorians for wanting to kill them and was executed himself
France's pre-revolution problems	No money
The Estates- General composition	Clergy and nobility dominated 3rd esate got mad and wanted less taxes and louis granted them but it wasn't enough
The Tennis Court Oath	Members of the 3rd estate agreed to keep meeting until their conditions were met by the king
The storming of the Bastille	3rd estate wanted gunpowder to arm themselves so they went to take the bastille louis got scared and tried to take soldiers away to show he wasn't gonna kill them
The Great Fear	Peasants had famine and taxes and were tired of it so they went and burned tax papers and burned nobles estates
The Abolition of Feudalism	Ended old rules and taxes and made everyone equal but louis hesitated to make this change which angered 3rd estate
Declaration of the rights of man and the citizen	Had no time to write a constitution and was made by lafayeete and thomas jefferson
The Women's March on Paris	Women marched to the palace of versailles because they were hungry and they wanted to show Louis how bad it was so they took him and held him captive
Civil Constitution of the church	Altered constitutional status of the church
Changes while France was a constitutional monarchy	Under the new constitution: The king could delay legislation passed by the unicameral legislature for at most 4 years. The king would continue to control foreign policy and the military. A complex system of indirect elections was set up.
Jacobins vs. Girondins	Jacobins were radical and wanted to kill the king they would disagree and make the right and left wing political sides
The September Massacres of 1792	San-culottes stormed a royal palace and murdered many nobles for counter-revolutionary thoughts
The National Convention	Universal male sufferage and started to make a constitution
The battle of Valmy	The threat to Paris ended after a French army stopped the combined Austrian and Prussian army at the Battle of Valmy. France became a republic after this
The Reign of Terror	From the summer of 1793 to the following summer, France was deep in the Reign of Terror. The Revolution was believed to be threatened by internal and external enemies. Rule of law and fair trials were put on hold. The guillotine became a symbol of the age. In the end, over 20,000 people were executed. 15% of them were nobles or clergy, the rest were peasants accused of counter-revolutionary activities. Eventually, the Terror turned on those who started it. Danton and his closest Jacobin followers were guillotined for arguing that it was time to end the Terror.
The Committee of Public Safety	Executed Girondins politicians
How the Jacobins used the san-culottes	The sans-culottes were used by the Jacobins, and a mob of them stormed the hall of the Convention and demanded the Girondins be expelled. To appease the sans-culottes, the Jacobins established a law of maximum prices, placing limits on the price of bread. They also taxed the wealthy to pay for the war effort.
The new calendar	Once in power, the Jacobins worked to obliterate all traces of the old monarchy. They came up with a new calendar based on weeks of 10 days instead of 7. Workers were angry as they still only had one day off a week.
The Themidorians	they killed robespirerre and his allies after a quick trial of 15 days
The Directory	t was led by an executive council of five men who possessed the title of director. A new constitution provided a two house legislature: The Council of the Ancients. Discussed and voted on legislation. The Council of Five Hundred. Proposed legislation.

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