3683269
Description
Biomaterials
(Introduction)
- Applications
- Biomedical implants used in
entire body: -Temporary:
Plasters, contact lens,
-Degradable: Sutures,
-Permanent: Pacemakers,
joint replacement
- Clinical needs: 1. Heart diseases:
Pace maker, 2. Diabetes: Drugs
Deliver, 3. Road traffic accidents:
Body parts transplant or implant
- Tissue Engineering
- Development of biological substitutes that restore,
maintain, or improve tissue function
- Tissue Grafting
- Autograft
- Tissue transplanted from the same host. Donor = host
- Tissue transplanted from the same host. Donor = host
- Allograft
- Transplant of tissue or organ from the same species with different genotype
- Transplant of tissue or organ from the same species with different genotype
- Xenograft
- Graft from a different species. Eg; animal to human
- Graft from a different species. Eg; animal to human
- Autograft
- Development of biological substitutes that restore,
maintain, or improve tissue function
- Grades of Medical Implants
- CE Marking
- FDA Grades
- CE Marking
- Clinical needs: 1. Heart diseases:
Pace maker, 2. Diabetes: Drugs
Deliver, 3. Road traffic accidents:
Body parts transplant or implant
- Transplantation
- Advantages
- Long-term solution
- Architecture
- Functional
- Long-term solution
- Disadvantages
- Expensive
- Limited supply
- Ethics issues
- Immuno-supressant
- Expensive
- Advantages
- Implantation
- Advantages
- Low cost
- High supply
- Customizable
- Reproducible
- Low cost
- Disadvantages
- Short-term
- Adverse effects; rusting
- Short-term
- Advantages
- Biomedical implants used in
entire body: -Temporary:
Plasters, contact lens,
-Degradable: Sutures,
-Permanent: Pacemakers,
joint replacement
- What?
- A biomaterial is a nonviable material
used in a medical device, intended to
interact with biological system
- Key: "Biocompatibility" - Ability of a material to perform
with an appropriate host response in a specific application.
- Eg; Resistance to blood clot, bacterial
colonization and uncomplicated healing
- -Intimate contact with host / living tissue
- Does not cause any adverse effects on host
tissues or organs
- Eg; Resistance to blood clot, bacterial
colonization and uncomplicated healing
- Key: "Biocompatibility" - Ability of a material to perform
with an appropriate host response in a specific application.
- A biomaterial is a nonviable material
used in a medical device, intended to
interact with biological system
- History
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