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PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism
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1Which of the following are sources of glucose (that end up in the blood, then onwards)?
- ALiver
- BDiet
- CAdipose tissue
- DLungs
2Fatty Acids can only be used in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] metabolism.
- AAerobic
- BAnaerobic
- CIntrinsic
- DExtrinsic
3Lactic acid from [blank_start]__________[blank_end] metabolism can be converted to [blank_start]__________[blank_end] by the [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
- AAnaerobic
- BAerobic
- CLiver
- DAdipose Tissue
- ELungs
- FMuscle Fibre
- GBlood
- HGlucose
- IGlycogen
- JGlucagon
- KFatty Acids
- LLiver
- MMuscle Fibres
- NBlood
- OAnaerobes
- PGut
- QLungs
4Skeletal Muscle released endocrine signals in the form of:
- AMyokines
- BMyometabolites
- COther muscle-derived signals
- DAdipokines
- EAdipometabolites
- FNeutrophils
5Endocrine signals released from Skeletal Muscle can go to which of the following:
- ABone
- BBrain
- CLiver
- DPancreas
- EAdipose Tissue
- FCardiovascular
- GGut
- HItself
6During exercise, the blood supply to the following areas is increased/decreased/unchanged:
CNS: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
GI tract: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Kidney: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Muscles: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]- AIncreased
- BDecreased
- CUnchanged
- DIncreased
- EDecreased
- FUnchanged
- GIncreased
- HDecreased
- IUnchanged
- JIncreased
- KDecreased
- LUnchanged
7An overabundance of which of the following leads to obesity?
- AFast-twitch fibres
- BSlow-twitch fibres
- CBoth of the above
- DNone of the above
8Myokines are CYTOKINES and PROTEINS produced by muscle. Most are regulated by what?
- AContractile activity
- BDiet
- CGrowth factors
- DEndocrine signalling
- EParacrine signalling
9True or false: Myokines are the molecular link between nerve function and whole-body physiology?
- ATrue
- BFalse
10Exercise-induced myokines include which of the following?
- AIrisin
- BInterleukin 6
- CInterleukin 15
- DMetrnl (Meteorin-like)
- EAngptl4 (Angiopoietin-like)
- FCXCL-1
- GMyostatin
- HLeptin
- IAngiopoietin
- JMyonectin
11True or false: Irisin elevates energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.
- ATrue
- BFalse
12True or false: Irisin lowers energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.
- ATrue
- BFalse
13Irisin [blank_start]__________[blank_end] brown fat thermogenesis (browning & thermogenic function in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] fat)
- APromotes
- BInhibits
- CPrevents
- DWhite
- EBrown
- FBeige
14Myokines have __________ functions.
- AAutocrine
- BParacrine
- CEndocrine
15Muscle displays plasticity in metabolic responses to:
- ACaloric availability
- BPhysical activity
16UCP1 is a core factor for [blank_start]__________[blank_end] in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Adipose Tissue.
- AThermogenesis
- BProliferation
- CApoptosis
- DTorpor
- EBrown
- FWhite
- GBeige
17InterLeukin 6 (IL6) is a myokine that happens to also be produced by:
- AMonocytes/Macrophages
- BFibroblasts
- CVascular Endothelial Cells
- DVascular Epithelial Cells
- EMitochondria
18IL6 can be either PROinflammatory or ANTIinflammatory.
[blank_start]__________[blank_end] is associated with insulin resistance and behaves in a proinflammatory way.
[blank_start]__________[blank_end] leads to elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL1ra and IL10).- AElevated Systemic IL6
- BExercise-induced IL6
19IL6 is produced __________ exercise.
- ADuring
- BAfter
- CBefore
20At exercise time (before? during? after?), IL6 is produced by:
- ASkeletal Muscle
- BConnective Tissue
- CThe Brain
- DAdipose Tissue
- ECardiac Muscle
- FSmooth Muscle
21In addition to exercise, myokines can also be induced by:
- ANutrients
- BOrganelle Dysfunction
- CStress Responses
- DTrying really hard
22True or false: The nutrient Palmitate modifies expression of many myokines (including Irisin, FGF21, IL6, CXCL1, CXCL5, Myonectin).
- ATrue
- BFalse
23Autocrine myokines regulate [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
(put the two in alphabetical order)- AMyogenesis
- BRegeneration
- CMyocarditis
- DApoptosis
- EDegeneration
- FBlood Pressure
24Which of the following can be all of (Hepatokine, Adipokine, Myokine)?
- AFGF21
- BIrisin
- CMyonectin
- DIL6
25Which of the following myokines can be a biomarker in: (Increased serum levels: Coronary Heart Disease, Cushing’s Syndrome, Carcinoid Atherosclerosis, Obesity/T2D, Mitochondrial Disease, Preeclampsia; Decreased serum levels: Anorexia Nervosa)?
- AFGF21
- BIrisin
- CMyonectin
- DIL6
26How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?
- A2½ – 5 hours/week
- B1¼ – 2½ hours/week
- C> 4 hours/week
- DN/A
27How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?
- A2½ – 5 hours/week
- B1¼ – 2½ hours/week
- C> 4 hours/week
- DN/A
28How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?
- A2½ – 5 hours/week
- B1¼ – 2½ hours/week
- C> 4 hours/week
- DN/A
29How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?
- A2½ – 5 hours/week
- B1¼ – 2½ hours/week
- C> 4 hours/week
- DN/A
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- PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism
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- Created on 4 Nov 2017 · updated on 10 Nov 2017
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