Quiz
Limb Development and Integumentary System
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Questions in this quiz (43)
1Which of the following embryonic layers contribute to the formation of limbs?
- Aectoderm
- Bendoderm
- Cmesoderm
- Dneural crest cells
2By the ___th week of development, osteogenesis of the long bones begins.
- A4th
- B5th
- C6th
- D7th
3Which of the following statements is true regarding limb development?
- AThe upper and lower limbs develop along the same timeline
- BThe upper limbs begin to develop before the lower limbs
- CThe lower limbs begin to develop before the upper limbs
- DThe positions of the limbs do not change as the embryo grows
4Which of the following chromosomal aneuploidy syndromes is associated with polydactyly?
- AMonosomy X
- BTrisomy 13
- CTrisomy 18
- DTrisomy 21
5All of the following are true regarding Rickets except?
- AIt can be due to vitamin D deficiency and hypophosphatemia
- BAffected individuals have dental anomalies including hypomineralization of enamel
- CAffected individuals have abnormal appearing bones/limbs aside from just short stature
- DThe only mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive
6The limb defect known as ________, also called lobster-claw deformity or forked hand is associated with a type of congenital ectodermal dysplasia.
- AMeromelia
- BPhocomelia
- CEctrodactyly
- DAdactyly
7All of the following mechanisms are necessary for normal limb development except:
- AApoptosis
- BInductive interactions and secretions of SHH
- CHOX gene expression
- DCellular migration of sclerotome from somites
8The most critical period of limb development is between _____ to _____ days; certain teratogen exposures during this time greatly increases the risk for limb defects.
- A24 to 36 (beginning of embryonic period)
- B38 to 50 (middle of embryonic period)
- C52 to 63 (end of embryonic period)
9Most visible changes occur during what period of development?
- A10 to 14 weeks
- B20 to 28 weeks
- C3 to 8 weeks
- D15 to 20 weeks
10Each of the following conditions can result in death during the neonatal period except:
- ACongenital heart defects
- BHypertrichosis
- CIchthyosis
- DRenal agenesis
11All of the following are congenital heart defects that will result in cyanosis except:
- ATetralogy of Fallot
- BTransposition of the Great Arteries
- CPatent Ductus Arteriosis
- DTruncus Arteriosus
12All of the following syndromes involve abnormal tooth development. Which is autosomal dominant?
- ATreacher Collins syndrome
- BRickets
- CPierre Robin
- DAmelogenesis Imperfecta
13Which of the following describes an abnormality of the digits commonly associated with skeletal dysplasias (especially achondroplasia)?
- AAdactyly
- BBrachydactyly
- CPolydactyly
- DSyndactyly
14Which type of skeletal dysplasia is also known as "brittle bone disease"?
- ACamptomelic dysplasia
- BChondrodysplasia punctata
- CAchondroplasia
- DOsteogenesis imperfecta
15Which of the following is a risk factor for limb anomalies?
- AUncontrolled maternal diabetes
- BThalidomide exposure during embryonic period
- CChromosomal aneuploidy
- DAll of the above are risk factors for limb anomalies
16Limb reduction defects range in severity depending on what embryonic age there was disruption of limb formation. Amelia is the most severe.
- ATrue
- BFalse
17Most cases of syndactyly are osseous (involving bone) and include functional appendages/digits with bones, nerve and musculature.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18The recurrence risk for congenital hip dislocation/developmental hip dysplasia is less than 1%.
- ATrue
- BFalse
19Minor defects of limbs are relatively common and can be corrected surgically.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20Your skin has both thick and thin components which both contain sweat glands, hair follicles, arrector muscles of hairs, and sebaceous glands.
- ATrue
- BFalse
21The secretory parts of the eccrine and apocrine sweat glands open into the skin and begin to function shortly after birth.
- ATrue
- BFalse
22Hair follicles and glands are derived from the epidermis and grow down into the dermis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
23Males and females have lactiferous ducts as part of the mammary gland.
- ATrue
- BFalse
24Delayed tooth eruption can be a sign of hypothyroidism.
- ATrue
- BFalse
25Babies that are born very prematurely (i.e. before 26 weeks) are not at increased risk for neurological or developmental problems, however they may have fingernails that have not yet reached the tips of their digits and may have cardiovascular complications, such as patent ductus arteriosis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
26Explain the concept of incomplete penetrance[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Awhen a trait is present in an affected
27The [blank_start]___[blank_end] is superficial epithelial tissue derived from surface embryonic ectoderm and the [blank_start]___[blank_end] is a deep layer of dense, irregularly arranged connective tissue derived from mesenchyme.
- Aepidermis
- Bdermis
28[blank_start]___[blank_end] is a fetal adaptation made from exfoliated peridermal cells and secretions from sebaceous glands. [blank_start]___[blank_end] is the fine hairs that cover the surface of fetal skin.
- AVernix
- BLanugo
29Occulocutaneous albinism is an autosomal [blank_start]___[blank_end] condition. There is a lack of pigment [blank_start]___[blank_end] due to an underlying defect in tyrosinase production. Two clinical features of this syndrome are [blank_start]___[blank_end] and [blank_start]___[blank_end].
- Arecessive
- Bmelanin
- Clight/white skin
- Dpoor eyesight
30The hardest tissue in the human body is [blank_start]___[blank_end].
- Atooth enamel
31[blank_start]___[blank_end] is a condition characterized by absence of the pectoralis major muscle that results in hypoplastic fused ribs, unilateral absence of breast, nipple, areola, hemivertebrae, syndactyly, brachydactyly, and in some cases dextrocardia.
- APoland syndrome
32Name [blank_start]the[blank_end] 3 body cavities that make up the Intraembronic Coelom during the 2nd month:
- Apleural, peritoneal, pericardial
33Two "fruity" signs that are ultrasound findings which may be associated with underlying defects of the nervous system are the [blank_start]____[blank_end] and [blank_start]____[blank_end] signs. Their presence may be associated with other anomalies including congenital clubfoot and clenched fists.
- Abanana
- Blemon
34A [blank_start]____[blank_end] is a type of lymphatic angioma that may be associated with chromosomal aneuploidy and poor pregnancy outcome.
- Acystic hygroma
35For each of the following teratogenic substances, list a potential consequence/fetal anomaly.
Primary rubella infection[blank_start],[blank_end] tetracycline exposure[blank_start],[blank_end] high maternal blood sugar levels[blank_start],[blank_end] thalidomide[blank_start],[blank_end] primary zika infection[blank_start],[blank_end] carbamazepin[blank_start]e[blank_end]- Acataracts
- Bstained teeth
- Ccongental heart defects
- Dlimb defects
- Emicrocephaly
- Fneural tube defects
36A type of lower limb defect known technically as congenital vertical talus is also a feature of trisomy 18[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Apolythelia
- Bcongenital clubfoot
- Cgynecomastia
- Dectrodactyly
- ESturge-weber syndrome
- Fpolymastia
- Grocker bottom foot
- Hpyelectasis
37A type of upper limb defect caused by a defect of the digital rays to form a central digit or digits[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Apolythelia
- Bcongenital clubfoot
- Cgynecomastia
- Dectrodactyly
- ESturge-weber syndrome
- Fpolymastia
- Grocker bottom foot
- Hpyelectasis
38The most common musculoskeletal deformation, also associated with some neural tube defects[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Apolythelia
- Bcongenital clubfoot
- Cgynecomastia
- Dectrodactyly
- ESturge-weber syndrome
- Fpolymastia
- Grocker bottom foot
- Hpyelectasis
39A condition involving a hemifacial hemangioma (port-wine stain) and possibly an underlying angioma in the meninges of the brain that causes seizures[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Apolythelia
- Bcongenital clubfoot
- Cgynecomastia
- Dectrodactyly
- ESturge-weber syndrome
- Fpolymastia
- Grocker bottom foot
- Hpyelectasis
40Enlargement of male breast tissue, often associated with Klinefelter syndrome[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Apolythelia
- Bcongenital clubfoot
- Cgynecomastia
- Dectrodactyly
- ESturge-weber syndrome
- Fpolymastia
- Grocker bottom foot
- Hpyelectasis
41The karyotype for Klinefelter syndrome[blank_start].[blank_end]
- A47, XXY
42The term that describes supernumerary nipples[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Apolythelia
- Bcongenital clubfoot
- Cgynecomastia
- Dectrodactyly
- ESturge-weber syndrome
- Fpolymastia
- Grocker bottom foot
- Hpyelectasis
43This soft marker is characterized by a dilated renal pelvis easily detectable by prenatal ultrasound. It is seen in about 25% of fetuses that have Down syndrome[blank_start].[blank_end]
- Apolythelia
- Bcongenital clubfoot
- Cgynecomastia
- Dectrodactyly
- ESturge-weber sydrome
- Fpolymastia
- Grocker bottom foot
- Hpyelectasis
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- Description
- Quiz on Limb Development and Integumentary System , created by Brynna Nguyenton on 21/11/2018.
- Author
- Brynna Nguyenton
- Language
- English
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