Quiz
ASCP Chemistry 1-200
Questions in this quiz (200)
1The urinary excretion product measured as an indicator of epinephrine production is:
- Adopamine
- Bdihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)
- Chomovanillic acid
- Dvanillylmandelic acid
2Which two conditions can 'physiologically" elevate serum alkaline phosphatase?
- Arickets, hyperparathyroidism
- Bobstructive jaundice, biliary cirrhosis
- Cgrowth, third trimester of pregnancy
- Dviral hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis
3The T3 resin uptake test is a measure of:
- Acirculating T3
- Bbound T3
- Cbinding capacity of thyroxine-binding globulin
- Dtotal thyroxine-binding globulin
4During an evaluation of adrenal function, a patient had plasma cortisol levels in the morning after awakening and in the evening. Laboratory results indicated that the morning value was higher than the evening concentration. This is indicative of:
- Aa normal finding
- BCushing's syndrome
- CAddison's disease
- Dhypopituitarism
5In the liver, bilirubin is converted to:
- Aurobilinogen
- Burobilin
- Cbilirubin-albumin complex
- Dbilirubin diglucuronide
6The following results were obtained in a creatinine clearance evaluation:
Urine concentration 84 mg/dL
Urine volume 1440 mLI24 hr
Serum concentration 1.4 mg/dL
Body surface area 1.60 m2 (average = 1.73 m2)
The creatinine clearance in mL/min is:- A6
- B22
- C60
- D65
7The electrophoretic pattern of a plasma sample compared with a serum sample show a:
- Abroad pre-albumin peak
- Bsharp fibrinogen peak
- Cdiffuse pattern because of the presence of anticoagulants
- Ddecreased globulin fraction
8The biuret reaction for the analysis of serum protein depends on the number of:
- Afree amino groups
- Bfree carboxyl groups
- Cpeptide bonds
- Dtyrosine residues
9Total iron-binding capacity measures the serum iron transporting capacity of:
- Ahemoglobin
- Bceruloplasmin
- Ctransferrin
- Dferritin
10In the Jendrassik-Grof method for serum bilirubin, quantitation is obtained by measuring the green color of:
- Aazobilirubin
- Bbilirubin glucuronide
- Curobilin
- Durobilinogen
11Absorbance (A) of a solution may be converted to percent transmittance (%T) using the formula:
- A1+log%T
- B2+log%T
- C1-log%T
- D2-log%T
12Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are both elevated in which of the following diseases?
- Amuscular dystrophy
- Bviral hepatitis
- Cpulmonary emboli
- Dinfectious mononucleosis
13Calcium concentration in the serum is regulated by:
- Ainsulin
- Bparathyroid hormone
- Cthyroxine
- Dvitamin C
14Which of the following steroids is an adrenal cortical hormone'?
- Aangiotensinogen
- Bcorticosterone
- Cprogesterone
- Dpregnanetriol
15Blood PCO2 may be measured by:
- Adirect colorimetric measurement of dissolved C02
- Bcalculations of blood pH and total CO2 concentration
- Cmeasurement of C02-saturated hemoglobin
- Dmeasurement of CO2 consumed at the cathode
16In the potentiometric measurement of hydrogen ion concentration, reference electrodes that may be used include:
- Asilver-silver chloride
- Bquinhydrone
- Chydroxide
- Dhydrogen
17The osmolality of a urine or serum specimen is measured by a change in the:
- Afreezing point
- Bsediment point
- Cmidpoint
- Dosmotic pressure
18In a spectrophotometer, light of a specific wavelength can be isolated from white light with
- Adouble beam
- Bdiffraction grating
- Caperture
- Dslit
19Which of the following is unstable if a blood specimen is left standing at room temp. for 8 hours before processing?
- Acholesterol
- Btriglyceride
- Ccreatinine
- Dglucose
20A urine screening test for porphobilinogen is positive The MC)~T likely disease state is'
- Alead poisoning
- Bporphyria cutanea tarda
- Cacute porphyria attack
- Derythrocytic protoporphyria
21in electrophoretic analysis buffers
- Astabilize electrolytes
- Bmaintain basic pH
- Cact as a carrier for ions
- Dproduce an effect on protein configuration
22A condition in which erythrocyte protoporphyrin is increased is:
- Aa. acute intermittent porphyria
- Bb. iron deficiency anemia
- Cc. porphyria cutanea tarda
- Dd. acute porphyric attack
23The stimulant that causes localized sweating for the sweat test is:
- Aa. polyvinyl alcohol
- Bb. lithium sulfate
- Cc. potassium sulfate
- Dd. pilocarpine nitrate
24In the sweat test, the sweating stimulant is introduced to the skin by application of:
- Aa. filter paper moistened with pilocarpine nitrate
- Bb. an electric current
- Cc. copper electrodes
- Dd. filter paper moistened in deionized water
25The formula for calculating serum osmolality that incorporates a correction for the water content of plasma is:
- Aa. 2 Na x (GlucoseI2O) x (BUN/3) ½
- Bb. Na + [(2 x Glucose)/20] x (BUN/3)
- Cc. 2 Na + Glucose/20 + (BUN/3)
- Dd. 2 Na + Glucose/3 + (BUN/20)
26Osmolal gap is the difference between:
- Aa. ideal and real osmolality values
- Bb. calculated and measured osmolality values
- Cc. plasma and water osmolality values
- Dd. molality and molarity at 40C
27Erroneous ammonia levels can be eliminated by all of the following EXCEPT:
- Aa. ensuring water and reagents are ammonia-free
- Bb. separating plasma from cells and performing test analysis as soon as possible
- Cc. drawing the specimen in a pre-chilled tube and immersing the tube in ice
- Dd. storing the specimen protected from light until the analysis is done
28Which of the following applies to cryoscopic osmometry?
- Aa. temperature at equilibrium is a function of the number of particles in solution.
- Bb. temperature plateau for a solution is horizontal.
- Cc. freezing point of a sample is absolute.
- Dd. initial freezing of a sample produces an immediate solid state.
29The first step to be taken when attempting to repair a piece of electronic equipment is:
- Aa. check all the electronic connections
- Bb. reseat all the printed circuit boards
- Cc. turn the instrument off
- Dd. replace all the fuses
30Most of the carbon dioxide present in blood is in the form of:
- Aa. dissolved C02
- Bb. carbonate
- Cc. bicarbonate ion
- Dd. carbonic acid
31The degree to which the kidney concentrates the glomerular filtrate can be determined by:
- Aurine creatine
- Bserum creatinine
- Ccreatinine clearance
- Durine to serum osmolality ratio
32How many grams of sulfosalicylic acid (MW = 254) are required to prepare 1 L of a 3% (w/v) solution?
- A3
- B30
- C254
- D300
33A physician suspects his patient has pancreatitis. Which test(s) would be most indicative of this disease?
- Acreatinine
- BLD isoenzymes
- Chydroxybutyrate
- Damylase
34The statistical term for the average value is the:
- Amode
- Bmedian
- Cmean
- Dcoefficient of variation
35An index of precision is statistically known as the:
- Amedian
- Bmean
- Cstandard deviation
- Dcoefficient of variation
36The most frequent value in a collection of data is statistically known as the:
- Amode
- Bmedian
- Cmean
- Dstandard deviation
37The middle value of a data set is statistically known as the:
- Amean
- Bmedian
- Cmode
- Dstandard deviation
38In a specimen collected for plasma glucose analysis, sodium fluoride:
- Aserves as a coenzyme of hexokinase
- Bprevents reactivity of non-glucose reducing substances
- Cprecipitates proteins
- Dinhibits glycolysis
39In the international system of units serum urea is expressed in millimoles per liter. A serum urea nitrogen concentration of 28 mg/dL would be equivalent to what concentration of urea?
(Urea: NH2CONH2; atomic wt N = 14, C = 12, 0= 16, H = 1)- A4.7mEqIL
- B5.0mEqIL
- C10.0mEqIL
- D20.0 mEqIL
40The osmolal gap is defined as measured Osm/kg minus the calculated Osm/kg. The average osmolal gap is near:
- A0
- B2
- C4
- D6
41To be analyzed by gas liquid chromatography, a compound must:
- Abe volatile or made volatile
- Bnot be volatile
- Cbe water-soluble
- Dcontain a nitrogen atom
42The solute that contributes the most to the total serum osmolality is:
- Aglucose
- Bsodium
- Cchloride
- Durea
43In automated methods utilizing a bichromatic analyzer, dual wavelengths are employed to:
- Aminimize the effect of interference
- Bimprove precision
- Cincrease throughput
- Dmonitor temperature changes
44Which of the following electrodes is based on the principle of amperometric measurement?
- APCO2 electrode
- BP02 electrode
- CpH electrode
- Dionized calcium electrode
45One international unit of enzyme activity is the amount of enzyme that, under specified reaction conditions of substrate concentration, pH, and temperature, causes utilization of substrate at the rate of:
- A1 mole/min
- B1 millimole/min
- C1 micromole/min
- D1 nanomole/min
46The Porter-Silber method (phenylhydrazine in alcohol and sulfuric acid) involves which part of the steroid molecule?
- Aketone group
- Bhydroxyl group
- Cdihydroxyacetone side chain
- Dsteroid ring
47Which family of steroid hormones is characterized by an unsaturated A ring?
- Aprogestins
- Bestrogens
- Candrogens
- Dglucocorticoids
48Which of the following statements about immunoassays using enzyme-labeled antibodies or antigens is correct?
- AInactivation of the enzyme is required.
- BThe enzyme label is less stable than an isotopic label.
- CQuantitation of the label can be carried out with a spectrophotometer.
- DThe enzyme label is not an enzyme found naturally in serum.
49Which of the following chemical determinations may be of help in establishing the presence of seminal fluid?
- Alactic dehydrogenase (LD)
- Bisocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD)
- Cacid phosphatase
- Dalkaline phosphatase
50Which of the following serum protein fractions is most likely to be elevated in patients with nephrotic syndrome?
- Aalpha-I globulin
- Balpha-I globulin and alpha-2 globulin
- Calpha-2 globulin and beta globulin
- Dbeta globulin and gamma globulin
51Which of the following enzyme substrates for prostatic acid phosphatase results in the highest specificity?
- Aphenyl-phosphate
- Bthymolphthalein monophosphate
- Calpha-naphthyl-phosphate
- Dbeta-glycerophosphate
52The following laboratory results were obtained on arterial blood:
Sodium l36mEq/L
pH 7.32
Potassium 4.4 mEq/L
PCO~ 79 mm Hg
Chloride 92 mEq/L
Bicarbonate 40 mEq/L
These results are most compatible with:- Aa. respiratory alkalosis
- Bb. respiratory acidosis
- Cc. metabolic alkalosis
- Dd. metabolic acidosis
53Increased total serum lactic dehydrogenase activity, confined to fractions 4 and 5, is most likely associated with:
- Aa. pulmonary infarction
- Bb. hemolytic anemia
- Cc. myocardial infarction
- Dd. acute viral hepatitis
54Regan isoenzyme has the same properties as alkaline phosphatase that originates in the:
- Askeleton
- Bkidney
- Cintestine
- Dplacenta
55Assay of transketolase activity in blood is used to detect deficiency OL
- Athiamine
- Bb. folic acid
- Cc. ascorbic acid
- Dd. riboflavin
56The substance that is measured to estimate the serum concentration of triglycerides by MOST methods is:
- Aa. phospholipids
- Bb. glycerol
- Cc. fatty acids
- Dd. pre-beta lipoprotein
57The most Sensitive enzymatic indicator for liver damage from ethanol intake is:
- Aa. alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
- Bb. aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
- Cc. gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
- Dd. alkaline phosphatase
58Refer to the following illustration:
Patient Values Reference Values
Total Protein 7.3 g/dL 6.0-8.0 g/dL
Albumin 4.2 g/dL 3.6-5.2 g/dL
Alpha-1 0.0 g/dL 0.1-0.4 g/dL
Alpha-2 0.9 g/dL 0.4-1.0 g/dL
Beta 0.8 g/dL 0.5-1.2 g/dL
Gamma 1.4g/dL 0.6-1.6g/dL
This electrophoresis pattern is consistent with:- Acirrhosis
- Bb. monoclonal gammopathy
- Cc. polyclonal gammopathy (eg, chronic inflammation)
- Dd. alpha-l antitrypsin deficiency; severe emphysema
59Patients with Cushing's syndrome exhibit:
- Aa. decreased plasma 17-hydroxysteroid concentration
- Bb. decreased urinary 17-hydroxysteroid excretion
- Cc. serum cortisol concentrations greater than 15 mg/dL
- Dd. decreased cortisol secretory rate
6060. A one molal solution is equivalent to:
- Aa. a solution containing one mole of solute per kg of solvent
- Bb. 1000 mL of solution containing one mole of solute
- Cc. a solution containing one gram-equivalent weight of solute in one liter of solution
- Dd. a 1-L solution containing 2 moles of solute
61Refer to the following illustration:
Patient Values Reference Values
Total Protein 8.9 g/dL 6.0-8.0 g,dL
Albumin 4.8 g/dL 3.6-5.2 g/dL
Alpha-1 0.3 g/dL 0.1-0.4 g/dL
Alpha-2 0.7 g/dL 0.4-1.0 g/dL
Beta 0.8 g/dL 0.5-1.2 g/dL
Gamma 2.3 g/dL 0.6-1.6 g/dL
The serum protein electrophoresis pattern is consistent with:- Aa. cirrhosis
- Bb. acute inflammation
- Cc. monoclonal gammopathy
- Dd. polyclonal gammopathy (eg, chronic inflammation)
62Refer to the following pattern:
Patient Values Reference Values
Total Protein 6.1g/dL 6.0-8.0g/dL
Albumin 2.3 g/dL 3-5.2 g/dL
Alpha-1 0.2 g/dL 0.1-0.4 g/dL
Alpha-2 0.5 g/dL 0-1.0 g/dL
Beta 1.2g/dL 0.5-l.2g/dL
Gamma l.9g/dL 0-1.6g/dL
This pattern is consistent with:- Aa. cirrhosis
- Bb. acute inflammation
- Cc. polyclonal gammopathy (eg, chronic inflammation)
- Dd. alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; severe emphysema
6363. Given the following results:
Alkaline phosphatase Slight increase
Alanine transferase. Marked increase
Aspartate transferase Marked increase
Gamma-glutamyl transferase. Slight increase
This is most consistent with:- Aa. acute hepatitis
- Bb. chronic hepatitis
- Cc. obstructive jaundice
- Dd. liver hemangioma
64Given the following results:
Alkaline phosphatase Marked increase
Alanine transferase Slight increase
Aspartate aminotransferase Slight increase
Gamma-glutamyl transferase Marked increase
This is most consistent with:- Aa. acute hepatitis
- Bb. osteitis fibrosa
- Cc. chronic hepatitis
- Dd. obstructive jaundice
65Given the following results:
Alkaline phosphatase Slight increase
Alanine transferase Slight increase
Aspartate aminotransferase Slight increase
Gamma-glutamyl transferase Slight increase
This is most consistent with:- Aa. acute hepatitis
- Bb. chronic hepatitis
- Cc. obstructive jaundice
- Dd. liver hemangioma
6666. Which of the following statements about fluorometry are true?
- Aa. A compound is said to fluoresce when it absorbs light at one wavelength and emits light at a second wavelength.
- Bb. Detectors in fluorometers are placed 1800 from the excitation source.
- Cc. It is less sensitive than spectrophotometry.
- Dd. It avoids the necessity for complexing of components because fluorescence is a native property.
67A benefit of microassays includes:
- Aa. increased analytical reliability
- Bb. reduced reagent requirements
- Cc. increased diagnostic specificity
- Dd. reduced numbers of repeated tests
68Refer to the following illustration:
This illustration represents the change in absorbance at 340 nm over a period of 8 minutes in an assay for lactate dehydrogenase. True statements about this figure include:- AThe reaction follows zero order kinetics between 5 and 8 minutes.
- BThe reaction is proceeding from lactate to pyruvate.
- CNon-linearity after 6 minutes is due to substrate exhaustion
- DThe change in absorbance is due to reduction of NAD to NADH.
69A serum sample drawn in the emergency room from a 42-year-old man yielded the follow¬ing laboratory results:
CK 185 Units (Normal = 15-160)
AST 123 Units (Normal = 0-48)
CK-MB 6 Units (Normal = 2-12)
Which of the following conditions might account for these values?- Acrush injury to the thigh
- Bcerebrovascular accident
- Cpulmonary inhrction
- Dearly acute hepatitis
70In competitive inhibition of an enzyme reaction the:
- Ainhibitor binds to the enzyme at the same site as the substrate
- Binhibitor often has a chemical structure different from that of the substrate
- Cactivity of the reaction can be decreased by increasing the concentration of the substrate
- Dactivity of the reaction can be increased by decreasing the temperature
71Kernicterus is an abnormal accumulation of bilirubin in:
- Aheart tissue
- Bbrain tissue
- Cliver tissue
- Dkidney tissue
72Two standard deviations is the acceptable limit of error in the chemistry laboratory. If you run the normal control 100 times, how many of the values would be out of control due to random error?
- A1
- B5
- C10
- D20
73Serum haptoglobin:
- Ais decreased in patients with tissue injury and neoplasia
- Bis increased in patients with prosthetic heart valves
- Ccan be separated into distinct phenotypes by starch-gel electrophoresis
- Dbinds heme
74Which of the following serum proteins migrates with the beta-globulins on cellulose acetate at pH 8.6?
- Aceruloplasmin
- Bhemoglobin
- Chaptoglobin
- DC3 component of complement
75Fasting serum phosphate concentration is controlled primarily by the:
- Apancreas
- Bskeleton
- Cparathyroid glands
- Dsmall intestine
76Serum “anion gap" is increased in patients with:
- Arenal tubular acidosis
- Bdiabetic alkalosis
- Cmetabolic acidosis due to diarrhea
- Dlactic acidosis
77Increased serum lactic dehydrogenase activity due to elevation of fast fraction (1 and 2) on electrophoretic separation is caused by:
- Anephrotic syndrome
- Bhemolytic
- Cpancreatitis
- Dhepatic damage
78The nanometer is used as a measure of:
- Aa. absorbance
- Bb. % transmittance
- Cc. intensity of radiant energy
- Dd. wavelength of radiant energy
79Major actions of angiotensin II include:
- Aa. increased pituitary secretion of renin
- Bb. increased vasoconstriction
- Cc. increased parathyroid hormone secretion by the parathyroid
- Dd. decreased adrenal secretion of aldosterone
80The presence of increased CK- MB activity on a CK electrophoresis pattern is most likely found in a patient suffering from:
- Aa. acute muscular stress following strenuous exercise
- Bb. malignant liver disease
- Cc. myocardial infarction
- Dd. severe head injury
81What is the molarity of a solution that contains 18.7 g of KCl (MW 74.5) in 500 mL of water?
- A0.1
- B0.5
- C1.0
- D5.0
82In the total bilirubin assay, bilirubin reacts with diazotized sulfanilic acid to form:
- Adiazo bilirubin
- Bbiliverdin
- Cazobilirubin
- Dbilirubin glucuronide
83Total glycosylated hemoglobin levels in a hemolysate reflect the:
- Aa. average blood glucose levels of the past 2-3 months
- Bb. average blood glucose levels for the past week
- Cc. blood glucose level at the time the sample is drawn
- Dd. hemoglobin A1C level at the time the sample is drawn
84The identification of Bence Jones protein is best accomplished by:
- Aa. a sulfosalicylic acid test
- Bb. urine reagent strips
- Cc. immunofixation
- Dd. electrophoresis
85The anion gap is useful for quality control of laboratory results for:
- Aa. amino acids and proteins
- Bb. blood gas analyses
- Cc. sodium, potassium, chloride, and total C02
- Dd. calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium
86Which percentage of total serum calcium is nondiffusible protein bound?
- Aa. 80%-90%
- Bb. 51%-60%
- Cc. 40%-50%
- Dd. 10%-30%
87The buffering capacity of blood is maintained by a reversible exchange process between bicarbonate and:
- ASodium
- Bpotassium
- Ccalcium
- Dchloride
88Which of the following electrolytes is the chief plasma cation whose main function is main¬taining osmotic pressure?
- AChloride
- Bcalcium
- Cpotassium
- Dsodium
89A reciprocal relationship exists between:
- Asodium and potassium
- Bcalcium and phosphorus
- Cchloride and C02
- Dcalcium and magnesium
90An assay calls for 0.1 mL serum, 5 mL of reagent and 4.9 mL of water. What is the serum dilution in the final solution?
- A1:5
- B1:10
- C1:50
- D1:100
91At blood pH 7.40 what is the ratio between bicarbonate and carbonic acid?
- A15:1
- B20:1
- C25:1
- D30:1
92The bicarbonate and carbonic acid ratio is calculated from an equation by:
- Aa. Siggaard-Andersen
- Bb. Gibbs-Donnan
- Cc. Natelson
- Dd. Henderson-Hasselbaich
93Acidosis and alkalosis are best defined as fluctuations in blood pH and C02 content due to changes in:
- Aa. Bohr's effect
- Bb. 02 content
- Cc. bicarbonate buffer
- Dd. carbonic anhydrase
94A common cause of respiratory alkalosis is:
- Aa. vomiting
- Bb. starvation
- Cc. asthma
- Dd. hyperventilation
95Metabolic acidosis is described as a(n):
- Aa. increase in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
- Bb. decrease in CO2 content with an increased pH
- Cc. increase in CO2 with an increased pH
- Dd. decrease in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
96Respiratory acidosis is described as a(n):
- Aa. increase in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
- Bb. decrease in CO2 content with an increased pH
- Cc. increase in CO2 content with an increased pH
- Dd. decrease in CO2 content and PCO2 with a decreased pH
97With a bicarbonate of 24 mEq/L and a carbonic acid of 1.2 mEq/L, calculate the pH
- A7.28
- B7.38
- C7.40
- D7.42
98The normal range for the pH of arterial blood measured at 37ºC is:
- Aa. 7.28-7.34
- Bb. 7.33-7.37
- Cc. 7.35-7.45
- Dd. 7.45-7.50
99Unless blood gas measurements are made immediately after sampling, in vitro glycolysis of the blood causes a:
- Aa. rise in pH and PCO2
- Bb. fall in pH and a rise in P02
- Cc. rise in pH and fall in P02
- Dd. fall in pH and a rise in PCO2
100Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in blood is usually determined by means of which of the following electrodes?
- ASilver
- Bglass
- Cplatinum
- Dplatinum-lactate
101In the immunoinhibition phase of the CK-MB procedure:
- Aa. M subunit is inactivated
- Bb. B subunit is inactivated
- Cc. MB is inactivated
- Dd. BB is inactivated
102The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is called:
- Aa. glycogenesis
- Bb. glycogenolysis
- Cc. gluconeogenesis
- Dd. glycolysis
103Different water content of erythrocytes and plasma makes true glucose concentrations in whole blood a function of :
- Aa. hematocrit
- Bb. leukocyte count
- Cc. erythrocyte count
- Dd. erythrocyte indices
104In the fasting state, arterial and capillary blood glucose varies from the venous glucose by how many mg/dL?
- Aa. 2 mg/dL higher
- Bb. 5 mg/dL higher
- Cc. 10mg/dL lower
- Dd. 12mg/dL lower
105Which of the following hemoglobins has glucose-6-phosphate on the amino-terminal valine of the beta chain?
- AS
- BC
- CA2
- DA1c
106Increased concentrations of ascorbic acid inhibit chromogen production in which of the fol¬lowing glucose methods?
- Aferricyanide
- Bortho-toluidine
- Cglucose oxidase (peroxidase)
- Dhexokinase
107The function of the major lipid components of the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) js to transport:
- Aa. cholesterol from peripheral cells to the liver
- Bb. cholesterol and phospholipids to peripheral cells
- Cc. exogenous triglycerides
- Dd. endogenous triglycerides
108The most widely used support medium for electrophoretic separation of lipoproteins is:
- Aa. agar gel
- Bb. starch gel
- Cc. paper
- Dd. agarose gel
109A hospitalized patient is experiencing tetany. Which test should be ordered immediately?
- Aa. calcium
- Bb. phosphorus
- Cc. BUN
- Dd. glucose
110Analysis of CSF for oligoclonal bands is used to screen for which of the following disease states?
- Aa. multiple myeloma
- Bb. multiple sclerosis
- Cc. myasthenia gravis
- Dd. von Willebrand's disease
111Sixty to seventy-five percent of the plasma cholesterol is transported by:
- Aa. chylomicrons
- Bb. very low density lipoprotein
- Cc. low density lipoprotein
- Dd. high density lipoprotein
112The major fraction of organic iodine in the circulation is in the form of:
- Aa. thyroglobulin
- Bb. thyroxine
- Cc. triiodothyronine
- Dd. diiodotyrosine
113Measurement of total T4 by competitive protein binding or displacement is based on specific binding properties of:
- Aa. thyroxine-binding prealbumin
- Bb. albumin
- Cc. thyroxine-binding globulin
- Dd. thyroid-stimulating hormone
114Which of the following methods employs a highly specific antibody to thyroxine?
- Aa. total T4 by competitive protein binding
- Bb. T4 by RIA
- Cc. T4 by column
- Dd. T4 by equilibrium dialysis
115A mean value of 100 and a standard deviation of 1.8 mg/dL were obtained from a set of glucose measurements on a control solution. The 95% confidence interval in mg/dL would be:
- Aa. 94.6-105.4
- Bb. 96.4-103.6
- Cc. 97.3-102.7
- Dd. 98.2-101.8
116The extent to which measurements agree with the true value of the quantity being measured is known as:
- Aa. reliability
- Bb. accuracy
- Cc. reproducibility
- Dd. precision
117When myocardial infarction occurs, the first enzyme to become elevated is:
- ACK
- BLD
- CAST
- DALT
118In the assay of lactate dehydrogenase at 340 nm, using pyruvate as the substrate, one actually measures a:
- Aa. decrease in pyruvate
- Bb. decrease in NADH
- Cc. increase in lactate
- Dd. increase in NADH
119In the Jaffe reaction, creatinine reacts with:
- Aa. alkaline sulfasalazine solution to produce an orange-yellow complex
- Bb. potassium iodide to form a reddish-purple complex
- Cc. sodium nitroferricyanide to yield a reddish-brown color
- Dd. alkaline picrate solution to yield an orange-red complex
120Which of the following represents the end product of purine metabolism in humans?
- Aa. AMP and GMP
- Bb. DNA and RNA
- Cc. allantoin
- Dd. uric acid
121In protein electrophoresis where the sample is placed in an electric field with a buffer of pH 8.6, all of the proteins:
- Aa. have a positive charge
- Bb. have a negative charge
- Cc. are electrically neutral
- Dd. migrate toward the cathode
122Maple syrup urine disease is characterized by an increase in which of the following urinary amino acids?
- Aa. phenylalanine
- Btyrosine
- Cc. valine, leucine, and isoleucine
- Dd. cystine and cysteine
123The hemoglobin that is resistant to alkali (KOH) denaturation is:
- AA
- BA2
- CC
- DF
124The parent substance in the biosynthesis of androgens and estrogens is:
- Aa. cortisol
- Bb. catecholamines
- Cc. progesterone
- Dd. cholesterol
125The biologically most active, naturally occurring androgen is:
- Aa. androstenedione
- Bb. dehydroepiandrosterone
- Cc. epiandrosterone
- Dd. testosterone
126A 24-hour urine specimen (total volume = 1136 m) is submitted to the laboratory for quantitative urine protein. Calculate the amount of protein excreted per day, if the total protein is 52 mg/dL.
- Aa. 591 mg
- Bb. 487 mg
- Cc. 220mg
- Dd. 282 mg
127Which of the following is secreted by the placenta and used for the early detection of pregnancy?
- Aa. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- Bb. human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
- Cc. luteinizing hormone (LH)
- Dd. progesterone
128Decreased serum iron associated with increased TIBC is compatible with which of the following disease states?
- Aa. anemia of chronic infection
- Bb. iron deficiency anemia
- Cc. chronic liver disease
- Dd. nephrosis
129A characteristic of the Bence Jones protein that is used to distinguish it from other urinary proteins is its solubility:
- Aa. in ammonium sulfate
- Bb. in sulfuric acid
- Cc. at 40ºC-60ºC
- Dd. at 100ºC
130130. Which of the following is an example of a peptide bond?
- AAnswer is B
- BAnswer is B
- AAnswer is B
131The principal excretory form of nitrogen is:
- Aa. ammo acids
- Bb. creatinine
- Cc. urea
- Dd. uric acid
132A 45-year-old male of average height / weight was admitted for renal function studies with the following lab results:
Urine creafinine 120 mgidL
Serum creafinine 1.5 mg/dL
Total urine volume in 24 hours 1 800/niL
Calculate the creatinine clearance for this patient in mL/min.- A100
- B144
- C156
- D225
133In the determination of bilirubin. the reagent that is reacted with bilirubin to form azobilirubin is:
- Aa. dilute sulfuric acid
- Bb. diazonium sulfate
- Cc. sulfobromophthalein
- Dd. diazotized sulfanilic acid
134Bile acid concentrations are useful to assess:
- Aa. diabetes mellitus
- Bb. hepatobiliary disease
- Cc. intestinal malabsorption
- Dd. kidney function
135Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the conversion of starch to glucose and maltose?
- Aa. malate dehydrogenase (MD)
- Bb. amylase (AMS)
- Cc. creatine kinase (CK)
- Dd. isocitric dehydrogenase (ICD)
136A scanning of a CK isoenzyme fractionation revealed two peaks: a slow cathodic peak (CK-MM) and an intermediate peak (CK-MB). A possible interpretation for this pattern is:
- Aa. brain tumor
- Bb. muscular dystrophy
- Cc. myocardial infarction
- Dd. viral hepatitis
137Which of the following enzymes are used in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis?
- Aa. amylase and lipase
- Bb. aspartate transferase and alanine transferase
- Cc. 5'-nucleotidase and gamma-glutamyl transferase
- Dd. aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase
138Which of the following is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of fructose-1,
6-diphosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate?- Aa. aldolase
- Bb. phosphofructokinase
- Cc. pyruvate kinase
- Dd. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
139The greatest activities of serum AST and ALT are seen in:
- Aa. acute hepatitis
- Bb. primary biliary cirrhosis
- Cc. metastatic hepatic carcinoma
- Dd. alcoholic cirrhosis
140An electrophoretic separation of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes that demonstrates an elevation in LD-1 and LD-2 in a “flipped" pattern is consistent with:
- Aa. myocardial infarction
- Bb. viral hepatitis
- Cc. pancreatitis
- Dd. renal failure
141Which of the following is a characteristic shared by lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase?
- Aa. They are liver enzymes.
- Bb. They are cardiac enzymes.
- Cc. They catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions.
- Dd. They are class III enzymes.
142The protein portion of an enzyme complex is called the:
- Aa. apoenzyme
- Bb. coenzyme
- Cc. holoenzyme
- Dd. proenzyme
143The most heat labile fraction of alkaline phosphatase is obtained from:
- Aliver
- Bbone
- Cintestine
- Dplacenta
144Refer to the following illustration:
Which of the following is the most likely interpretation of the LD isoenzyme scan illustrated above?
- Aa. myocardial infarction
- Bb. megaloblastic anemia
- Cc. acute pancreatitis
- Dd. viral hepatitis
145Blood specimens for digoxin assays should be obtained between 8 hours or more after drug administration because:
- Aa. tissue and serum levels need to reach equilibrium
- Bb. serum digoxin concentration will be falsely low prior to 6 hours
- Cc. all of the digoxin is in the cellular fraction prior to 6 hours
- Dd. digoxin protein-binding interactions are minimal prior to 6 hours
146Bioavailability of a drug refers to the:
- Aa. availability for therapeutic administration
- Bb. availability of the protein-bound fraction of the drug
- Cc. drug transformation
- Dd. the fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation
147The cyclic antidepressants are classified as:
- Aa. basic drugs
- Bb. neutral drugs
- Cc. acidic drugs
- Dd. structurally cycloparaffinic
148Zinc protoporphyrin or free erythrocyte protoporphyrin measurements are useful to assess blood concentrations of:
- Alead
- Bmercury
- Carsenic
- Dberyllium
149Gas chromatography with a nitrogen/phosphorus detector is the most commonly used technique for analysis of:
- Adigoxin
- Bacetylsalicylic acid
- Cethyl alcohol
- Dcyclic antidepressants
150The most widely employed screening technique for drug abuse is:
- Aa. high-performance liquid chromatography
- Bb. gas-liquid chromatography
- Cc. thin layer chromatography
- Dd. UV spectrophotometry
151Malic dehydrogenase is added to the aspartate transaminase reaction to catalyze the conversion of:
- Aa. alpha-ketoglutarate to aspartate
- Bb. alpha-ketoglutarate to malate
- Cc. aspartate to oxalacetate
- Dd. oxalacetate to malate
152Phenobarbital is a metabolite of:
- Aa. primidone
- Bb. phenytoin
- Cc. amobarbital
- Dd. secobarbital
153Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?
- Aa. nephrotic syndrome
- Bb. acute hepatitis
- Cc. chronic inflammation
- Dd. dehydration
154Which of the following amino acids is associated with a sulfhydryl group?
- Acysteine
- Bglycine
- Cserine
- Dtyrosine
155Beriberi is associated with deficiency of:
- Aa. vitamin A
- Bb. vitamin C
- Cc. niacin
- Dd. thiamine
156Night blindness is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
- AA
- BC
- CNiacin
- Dthiamine
157Scurvy is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
- AA
- BC
- CNiacin
- DThiamine
158Pellagra is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
- AA
- BB1
- CThiamine
- DNiacin
159Rickets is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
- AB1
- BC
- CNiacin
- DD
160The regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism is accomplished by which of the following glands?
- Aa. thyroid
- Bb parathyroid
- Cc. adrenal glands
- Dd. pituitary
161Lithium therapy is widely used in the treatment of:
- Aa. hypertension
- Bb. hyperactivity
- Cc. aggression
- Dd. manic-depression
162The anticonvulsant used to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures is:
- Aa. digoxin
- Bb. acetaminophen
- Cc. lithium
- Dd. phenytoin
163A drug that relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages is:
- Aacetaminophen
- Blithium
- Cphenytoin
- Dtheophylline
164A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:
- Adigoxin
- Bacetaminophen
- Clithium
- Dphenytoin
165A carbonate salt used to control manic-depressive disorders is:
- Adigoxin
- Bacetaminophen
- Clithium
- Dphenytoin
166In which of the following disease states is conjugated bilirubin a major serum component?
- Abiliary obstruction
- Bhemolysis
- Cneonatal jaundice
- Derythroblastosis fetalis
167Spectrophotometers isolate a narrow band pass by means of:
- Afilters and prisms
- Bprisms and grating
- Cbarrier layer cells and filters
- Dgratings and lanier layer cells
168Refer to the following illustration:
The serum protein electrophoresis pattern shown below was obtained on cellulose acetate at pH 8.6. Identify the serum protein fraction on the far right of the illustration.
- Agamma globulin
- Balbumin
- Calpha-1 globulin
- Dalpha-2 globulin
169The creatinine clearance (mL/min) is equal to:
- Aurinary creatinine (mg/L)/[volume of urine (mL/ruin) x plasma creatinine (mg/L)]
- B[urinary creatinine (mg/L) x volume (mL/min)]/plasma creatinine (mg/L)
- Curinary creatinine (mg/L)/[volume of urine (mL/hour) x plasma creatinine (mg/L)]
- D[urinary creatinine (mg/L) x volume (mL/hour)]/plasma creatinine (mg/L)
170A solution contains 20 g of solute dissolved in 0.5 L of water. What is the percentage of this solution?
- A2%
- B4%
- C6%
- D8%
171Which of the following is the formula for calculating the unknown concentration based on Beer’s law (A=absorbance C=concentration)?
- A(A unknown/A standard) x C standard
- BC standard x A unknown
- CA standard x A unknown
- D(C standard)/(A standard) x I 00
172Which of the following is the formula for calculating absorbance given the percent transmittance (%T) of a solution?
- A1 – log of %%
- Blog of %T/2
- C2 x log of %T
- D2 – log of %T
173Which of the following is the formula for calculating the amount of moles of a chemical?
- Ag/GMW
- Bg x GMW
- CGMW/g
- D(g x l00)/GMW
174How many milliliters of a 3% solution can be made if 6 g of solute are available?
- A100 mL
- B200 mL
- C400 mL
- D600 mL
175Which of the following is the formula for calculating the gram equivalent weight of a chemical?
- Aa. MW x oxidation number
- Bb. MW/oxidation number
- Cc. MW + oxidation number
- Dd. MW - oxidation number
176Which of the following is the formula for calculating the dilution of a solution (V=volume, C=concentration)?
- Aa. V1 + C1 = V2 + C2
- Bb. V1 + C2 = V2 + C1
- Cc. V1 x C1 = V2 x C2
- Dd. V1 x V2 = -V1 x C2
177Which of the following is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation?
- Aa. pKa = pH + log(acid/salt)
- Bb. pKa = pH + log(salt/acid)
- Cc. pH = pKa + log(acid/salt)
- Dd. pH = pKa + log(salt/acid)
178Which of the following is the formula for calculating a percent (w/v) solution?
- Aa. grams of solute/volume of solvent x 100
- Bb. grams of solute x volume of solvent x 100
- Cc. volume of solvent/grams of solute x 100
- Dd. (grams of solute x volume of solvent)/100
179Which of the following is the formula for coefficient of variation?
- A(standard deviation x 100)/standard error
- B(mean x 100)/standard deviation
- C(standard deviation x 100)/mean
- D(variance x 100)/mean
180Given the following values:
100
120
150
140
130
What is the mean?- Aa. 100
- Bb. 128
- Cc. 130
- Dd. 640
181Which of the following is the formula for arithmetic mean?
- Aa. square root of the sum of values
- Bb. sum of values x number of values
- Cc. number of values/sum of values
- Dd. sum of values/number of values
182Which of the following is the formula for calculating the molarity of a solution?
- Aa. number of moles of solute/L of solution
- Bb. number of moles of solute x 100
- Cc. 1 GEW of solute x 10
- Dd. I GEW of solute/L of solution
183The following results were obtained:
Urine creatiinine 90 mg/100 mL
Serum creatinine 0.90 mg/100 mL
Patient's total body surface 1.73 m2 (average = 1.73 m2)
Total urine volume in 24 hours 1500 mL
Given the above data, calculate the patient's creatinine clearance in ni/mm.- Aa. 104
- Bb. 124
- Cc. 144
- Dd. 150
18425 g of NaOH (MW = 40) is added to 0.5 L of water. What is the molarity of this solution if an additional 0.25 L of water is added to this solution?
- Aa. 0.25 M
- Bb. 0.50 M
- Cc. 0.75 M
- Dd. 0.83 M
1854 mL of water is added to 1 mL of serum. This represents which of the following serum dilutions?
- Aa. 1:3
- Bb. 1:4
- Cc. 1:5
- Dd. 1:6
18680 g of NaOH (MW = 40) is how many gram-equivalents?
- Aa. 1
- Bb. 2
- Cc. 3
- Dd. 4
187How many grams of H2S04 (MW = 98) are in 750 mL of 3 N H2SO4
- Aa. 36 g
- Bb. 72 g
- Cc. 110 g
- Dd. 146g
188what is the normality of a solution that contains 280 g of NaOH (MW = 40) in 2000 mL of solution?
- Aa. 3.5N
- Bb. 5.5N
- Cc. 7.0N
- Dd. 8.0N
189A serum potassium is 19.5 mg/l00 mL. This value is equal to how many mEq/L (MW of K=39)?
- Aa. 3.9
- Bb. 4.2
- Cc. 5.0
- Dd. 8.9
190How many milliliters of 0.25 N NaOH are needed to make 100 mL of a 0.05 N solution of NaOH?
- Aa. 5 mL
- Bb. 10 mL
- Cc. 15 mL
- Dd. 20 mL
191An arterial blood specimen submitted for blood gas analysis was obtained at 8:30 AM but was not received in the laboratory until 11:00 AM. The technologist should:
- Aa. perform the test immediately upon receipt
- Bb. perform the test only if the specimen was submitted in ice water
- Cc. request a venous blood specimen
- Dd. request a new arterial specimen be obtained
192A potassium level of 6.8 Eq/L is obtained. Before reporting the results, the first step the technologist should take is to:
- Aa. check the serum for hemolysis
- Bb. rerun the test
- Cc. check the age of the patient
- Dd. do nothing, simply report the result
193Specimens for blood gas determination should be drawn into a syringe containing:
- Aa. no preservative
- Bb. heparin
- Cc. EDTA
- Dd. oxalate
194A patient has the following test results:
Increased serum calcium levels
Decreased serum phosphorus levels
Increased levels of parathyroid hormone
This patient most likely has:- Aa. hyperparathyroidism
- Bb. hypoparathyroidism
- Cc. nephrosis
- Dd. steatorrhea
195If the total bilirubin is 4.3 mg/dL and the conjugated bilirubin is 2.1 mg/dL, the unconjugated bilirubin is:
- A1.1 mg/dL
- B2.2 mg/dL
- C4.2 mg/dL
- D6.3 mg/dL
196The measurement of light scattered by particles in the sample is the principle of:
- Aa. spectrophotometry
- Bb. fluorometry
- Cc. nephelometry
- Dd. atomic absorption
197The measurement of the amount of electricity passing between two electrodes in an electrochemical cell is the principle of:
- Aa. electrophoresis
- Bb. amperometry
- Cc. nephelometry
- Dd. coulometry
198Coulometry is used to measure:
- Aa. chloride
- Bb. pH
- Cc. bicarbonate
- Dd. ammonia
199Which of the following lipid results would be expected to be falsely elevated on a serum specimen from a nonfasting patient?
- Aa. cholesterol
- Bb. triglyceride
- Cc. HDL
- Dd. LDL
200Turbidity in serum suggests elevation of:
- Aa. cholesterol
- Bb. total protein
- Cc. chylomicrons
- Dd. albumin
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- bachelor Certificate cASCP Quiz on ASCP Chemistry 1-200, created by Taylor Walker on 14/01/2019.
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