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Week 3 NSF
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Questions in this quiz (30)
1Which ganglion is associated with fibers innervating the parotid gland?
- Asubmandibular ganglion
- Bgeniculate ganglion
- Csphenopalatine ganglion
- Dotic ganglion
2Which of the following brainstem nuclei play an important role in the gag reflex?
- Adorsal motor nucleus of X
- Bnucleus ambiguus
- Cinferior salivatory nucleus
- Dnuleus solitarius
3Which symptom would be most likely associated with a peripheral facial palsy (Bell's palsy)?
- Ahearing loss
- Bhyperacusis
- Cweakness of contralateral frontalis muscle
- Dimpaired taste to ipsilateral posterior 1/3 of tongue
4Which trigeminal nucleus facilitates our awareness of our mouth hanging open?
- Achief trigeminal sensory nucleus
- Btrigeminal motor nucleus
- Cspinal trigeminal nucleus
- Dmesencephalic trigeminal nucleus
5You are practicing your cranial nerve exam during your neurosurgery preceptorship. You report to your preceptor that you believe the patient has a left hemifacial sensory loss to light touch and cold temperature, an asymmetric smile (higher on the right), horizontal diplopia, and new-onset vertigo. Where does this patient most likely have a problem?
- Amidbrain
- Bpons
- Cmedulla
- Dcervical spine
6A 33 year old woman has subacute onset of weakness. A week ago, she felt tired, but starting 3 days ago, she had difficulty
climbing stairs, and today she can't walk around her apartment. Her motor examination is notable for 2/5 strength in proximal legs
and 0/5 strength in distal legs, with absent reflexes at the patella and Achilles. Which test would help you confirm your clinical suspicion of the diagnosis?- Aantibody testing against the acetylcholine (ACh) receptor
- Bnerve conduction velocity portion of EMG/NCV
- Cgenetic test of the PMP22 gene
- Dcompound muscle action potential (CMAP) portion of EMG/NCV
7What class of drug is a possible treatment for a woman with intermittent ptosis and dysphagia that seems to get worse the more she uses those muscles?
- Aacetylcholinesterase inhibitor
- Bstimulant
- Canticholinergic
- Dadrenergic
8Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is unique because it may clinically present with both upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron findings. Which pairing of structures are pathologically affected to account for this?
- Aanterior horn cells and motor cortex
- Bmuscle fibers and corticospinal tracts
- Canterior horn cells and corticospinal tracts
- Dmuscle fibers and motor cortex
9A 3 year old boy is playing on the floor of the exam room. His mother brought him in for a well-child check-up. When he stands up,
he walks his hands along the floor until they are closer to his feet and then he walks his hands up his legs until he reaches a
standing position. His mother thinks he had slower gross motor milestones than his sister, but doesn't recall specifics. You sent off a creatine kinase level, which comes back at 11,000 (normal 26-192). Where in the motor system does this child have a problem?- Aanterior horn cell
- Bperipheral nerve
- Cneuromuscular junction
- Dmuscle
10An eight year old boy is slowly developing new lower extremity spasticity and both urinary and fecal incontinence. Which of the following radiographic features would be consistent with these clinical findings?
- Aspinal cord terminating at L1 level
- BCSF expansion of the central canal in the thoracic region
- Ca fatty filum
- Dincomplete fusion of the ventricle arches
11A 22 year-old cyclist is involved in a collision with an oncoming automobile and is transported to a nearby hospital. During her
initial assessment, she is noted to be awake, talking appropriately, and moving her arms purposefully. She is unable to move her
legs at all and does not flinch or respond to painful stimulation of either lower extremity. While further tests are being arranged, her
blood pressure and heart rate begin to decrease. On further exam, she is noted to be less responsive with flushed skin. Which of
the following is most likely to explain the underlying cause of her symptoms?- AHypovolemia from ruptured spleen and internal blood loss
- BImpaired sympathetic outflow
- CAbsence of sphincter reflexes
- DUncontrolled activation of autonomic neurons
12In which distribution would a person have facial weakness if there is a supranuclear lesion (upper motor neuron, e.g. primary motor cortex)?
- Acontralateral upper and lower face
- Bipsilateral upper and lower face
- Ccontralateral lower face
- Dipsilateral lower face
13A 75-year-old woman is brought to the clinic with report of a bilateral ³pins and needles´sensation in her lower extremities. Her
exam reveals bilateral weakness of the proximal and distal muscles of the lower extremities, impaired proprioception and vibration, extensor plantor reflex, and symmetric increased patellar reflexes. Her gait is ataxic. She is diagnosed with subacute combined
degeneration of the spinal cord. This is a result of:- Avitamin B12 deficiency
- Bautoimmune disease
- Cviral infection
- Dlead toxicity
14A 23 year-old mother is with her 1 day old term son in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The child has a central cleft lip and palate
and narrow-set eyes (hypotelorism). When you introduce yourself to the mother, you notice that she has a single central incisor. Which of the following structures in the infant is most likely to have an abnormality?- Acerebellar vermis
- Bpons
- Clongitudinal fissure
- Dlumbosacral leptomeninges
15A 19 weeks gestational age fetus is diagnosed with spina bifida cystica on a routine prenatal ultrasound. Counseling about the
prognosis and possible treatment plans depends in part on whether this spina bifida is a meningocele or myelomeningocele. Which tissue component will be involved in myelomeningocele, but not meningocele?- Avertebra
- Bleptomeninges
- Cskin
- Dspinal cord
16Please refer to the attached image to answer the following question: The following section is stained for NeuN. The arrow is pointing to a neuronal structure involved in which of the following functions
- Aconduction of nerve impulses away from the cell body
- Bconduction of nerve impulses toward the cell body
- Cconduction of nerve impulses around the cell body
- Dprovision of support and nutrition to neurons
17A 56-year old woman with rheumatoid arthritis is on multiple immunosuppressive drugs. She develops multifocal lesions in her brain that on biopsy are diagnosed as demyelinating lesions characteristic of a viral disease called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Which cell type in the brain is most likely to be infected in this disease?
- Aoligodendrocytes
- Bneurons
- CSchwann cells
- DMicroglia
18A 56-year old man with a history of coronary artery disease suddenly collapses at home. When the paramedics arrive, he is found to be pulseless and has been down for about 12 minutes. Which cell population in the brain is particularly vulnerable to global ischemic brain injury?
- Aastrocytes in the striatum
- Bgranule neurons of the cerebellum
- Chippocampal CA1 neurons
- Doligodendrocytes in the base of the pons
19A 70-year-old woman experienced a first time seizure. She reports having increasing headaches over the last 5 weeks. Based on the time course of her illness, what is her most likely diagnosis?
- AAlzheimers disease
- Bbacterial meningitis
- Cglioblastoma
- Dstroke
20A 49-year-old man with a long history of Hepatitis C and cirrhosis is now encephalopathic. Which reaction pattern is likely to be present in his astrocytes?
- Aalzheimer type ii change
- Bincreased production of GFAP protein
- Caccumulation of lipofuscin
- Dapoptosis
21Testing for the patellar tendon reflex is standard component of a neurological exam. The neural circuit underlying the
monosynaptic reflex includes which of the following?- AGroup Ib afferent, dorsal horn interneuron, and alpha motor neuron
- BGroup Ia afferent, dorsal horn interneuron, and alpha motor neuron
- CGroup Ib afferent and alpha motor neuron without interposed interneuron
- DGroup Ia afferent and alpha motor neuron without interposed interneuron
22The right lateral corticospinal tract in the spinal cord contains axons that can ALSO be found in which other part of the neuroaxis?
- AThe right crus cerebri (cerebral peduncle)
- BThe left ventral corticospinal tract
- CThe right internal capsule
- DThe left corona radiata
23There is somatic organization of fibers in the corticospinal tract. A lesion in the genu of the internal capsule would most likely result in a deficit in which part of the body?
- Aarm
- Bface
- Ctrunk
- Dleg
24Descending motor pathways are divided into anterior and lateral systems. Which motor neurons are innervated by the anterior motor system?
- AContralateral motor neurons of the axial musculature
- BIpsilateral motor neurons of the distal musculature
- CBilateral innervation of the axial musculature
- DBilateral innervation of the distal musculature
25A patient was found to have a hyper-reflexive response to the patellar tendon reflex. Where is the most logical site of the lesion?
- Aposterior column
- Bupper motor neuron
- Clower motor neuron
- Dsensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion
26Which of the following motor tracts project over the entire length of the spinal cord?
- Alateral corticospinal
- Bmedial vestibulospinal
- Ctectospinal
- Danterior corticospinal
27A 14-year-old girl presents with an acute CNS demyelinating process after a viral illness. Which of the following physiological processes is likely occurring at the sites of demyelination?
- Aincreased passive current flow
- Bloss of saltatory conduction
- CAltered sodium channel density at Nodes of Ranvier
- DDecreased axonal adhesion at Schmidt-Lanterman clefts
28You train your dog to roll over in response to a hand signal. As the result of learning this new behavior, which neuronal component
has likely changed?- Aaxonal neurofilaments
- Bdendritic spines
- Cmitochondrial clusters
- Dmyelin sheath
29A 25-year-old college student presented with progressive distal muscle weakness and sensory loss. His family history revealed
others with similar symptoms and he was found to have duplication of the PMP22 gene. Why does his disease only affect peripheral nerves (PNS) and not the central nervous system (CNS)?- AMyelin lipids differ significantly between PNS and CNS
- BPMP22 protein is only expressed in PNS
- CThis disease only affects the most distal parts of nerves
- DOnly mutations with deletion of PMP22 affect the CNS
30Use the image attached to answer the following question. This electron micrograph is a cross section through a node of Ranvier. The processes surrounding the axon (2 are indicated by red arrows) belong to which cell type?
- Aastrocyte
- Bmicroglia
- Coligodendrocytes
- Dschwann cell
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- Description
- Medicine Quiz on Week 3 NSF, created by Kelli Derrah on 27/08/2019.
- Author
- Kelli Derrah
- Language
- English
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