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Microorganisms MCQ's 2013 Answered
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Questions in this quiz (40)
1The cardinal temperatures are the:
- AMinimum temperatures
- BOptimum temperatures
- CMaximum temperatures
- DMinimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures taken together.
2Carl Woese of the University of Illinois and his collaborators identified two major branches of prokaryotic evolution. What was the basis for dividing prokaryotes into two domains?
- AMicroscopic examination of the staining characteristics of the cell wall.
- BMetabolic characteristics such as the production of methane gas
- CEcological characteristics such as the ability to survive extreme temperatures
- DMolecular characteristics such as ribosomal RNA sequences
3Which prokaryotes should be expected to be most strongly resistant to plasmolysis in hypertonic environments?
- Aextreme halophiles
- Bextreme thermophiles.
- Cmethanogens
- Dnitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in root nodules
4Photoautotophs use:
- ALight as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source
- BLight as an energy and methane as a carbon source
- CCO2 as both an energy source and a carbon source
- DAll of the above.
5Addition of blood to a culture medium only allows the haemolytic bacteria that grow on the plate to be picked out. This is an example of a:
- ASelective medium
- BDifferential medium
- CComplex medium
- DSynthetic medium
6Almost all medically important microbes are:
- AChemolithoautotrophs
- BPhotoorganoheterotrophs
- CPhotolithoautotrophs
- DChemoorganoheterotrophs
7With regards to bacterial plasmids which statement is the CORRECT one?
- AA plasmid is extra chromosomal DNA that encodes only resistance to antibiotics
- BA plasmid is a part of the bacterial chromosome
- CA plasmid is single stranded DNA found in some bacteria
- DA plasmid is an extra chromosomal DNA molecule
8Bacterial Genomics is:
- AA study of the entire bacterial genome
- BSequencing of the bacterial chromosome
- CA study of essential genes and genetic elements
- DSequencing of DNA samples obtained from the environment
9All viruses:
- AEnter cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis
- BReplicate their genomes in the nucleus of the cell
- CReplicate their genomes in the cytoplasm of the cell
- DSurround their progeny genomes with capsid proteins inside infected cells
10Underline the TRUE statement below:
- AViruses do not infect microorganisms
- BAll viruses are enveloped
- CAll viruses cause disease
- DAll viruses are parasites
11Anthrophilic dermatophytes (fungi causing cutaneous infections of humans) are primarily associated with:
- ASoil
- BAnimals
- CPlants
- DHumans
12Phytophthora ramorum is the causal pathogen of:
- APotato blight
- BSudden Oak Death
- CCoffee rust
- DAsh dieback
13The Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is:
- AHeat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- BAttenuated live Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- CMycobacterium bovis
- DAttenuated live Mycobacterium bovis
14Which of the following is transmitted via the faecal-oral-route?
- AMalaria
- BTyphoid
- CPlague
- DMeningitis
15With regard to the differences between bacterial and eukaryotic cells which statement is the CORRECT one?
- ABacterial cells do not contain mitochondria.
- BBacterial cells are always larger than eukaryote cells.
- CBacteria do not contain a chromosome.
- DEukaryotic cells are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics.
16Koch’s postulates MOST CORRECTLY relate to which one of the following statements?
- AThe isolation of a bacterium in culture from an infection alone indicates that it caused the disease.
- BIsolation and cultivation of a microorganism from a diseased animal, then inoculation into another healthy animal to cause the same disease followed by re-isolation of the same microorganism indicates that it is the cause of the disease.
- CThe observation of virus particles in tissue from a human with disease indicates that it has caused the disease.
- DInoculation of a bacterium into an animal and observation of disease alone indicates that it is the cause of the disease observed.
17Which statement is CORRECT with respect to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?
- ALPS is found in Gram positive cells.
- BLPS is found in Gram negative cells in the cytoplasmic membrane.
- CLPS is found in the outer-membrane of Gram negative cells.
- DLPS is associated with found inside all bacterial cells.
18A culture of E.coli is diluted by a factor of 10-6 and, after plating out 100 μl on an agar plate, 57 colonies grew after incubation at 37oC overnight. The original culture therefore contained how many viable E. coli cells per ml?
- A5.7 x 10(7)
- B5.7 x 10(8)
- C5.7 x 10(6)
- D5.7 x 10(5)
19With respect to differences between members of the archaeal and bacterial domains/kingdoms, which is the CORRECT statement?
- ABoth have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
- BNo bacteria and only some Archaea are capable of methanogenesis
- CArchaea and bacteria are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics
- DBacteria have similar RNA polymerase to that of Archaea
20Which statement is CORRECT with respect to peptidoglycan?
- AThere are multiple molecules of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls.
- BOnly Gram positive cells possess peptidoglycan.
- CThere is only a single molecule of peptidoglycan in a bacterial cell wall.
- DPeptidoglycan is only found in Gram negative cell walls.
21Which of the following is a macronutrient?
- AManganese
- BMagnesium
- CZinc
- DCobalt
22Which of the following forms of oxygen are generally toxic to living organisms?
- ASuperoxide anion
- BHydrogen peroxide
- CHydroxyl radical
- DAll of the above
23Carrier mediated transport is necessary when:
- ADiffusion will not allow adequate amounts of a substance to enter the cell
- BMovement into the cell is against a concentration gradient
- CThe level of nutrients in nature is very low
- DAll of the above
24The size (as determined by the sedimentation factor) of the most useful RNA molecule for prokaryotic evolutionary studies is:
- A5S
- B16S
- C18S
- D23S
25Which of these environmental factors influences microbial growth?
- ApH
- BWater potential
- COxygen
- DAll of the above
26The signature sequence is used extensively in the:
- APhylogenetic probe
- BReclassification of misclassified organisms
- CDefining of a specific group within a domain
- DAll of the above
27A Wild-type strain is:
- AA bacterial or viral strain with minimum of mutations in its genome
- BAn arbitrarily chosen strain; other strains compared with it
- CA strain adapted to laboratory conditions
- DA strain that dominates the natural environment
28Bacterial genes:
- AAre stretches of double stranded RNA
- BHave introns
- CAre often organised into operons
- DAre always present in two copies
29Viruses may encode their genomes as:
- ADNA
- BRNA
- CNegative strand RNA
- DAll of the above
30Poliovirus:
- AHas a double-stranded DNA genome
- BHas a capsid that is composed of 240 copies of a single protein
- CReplicates primarily in the upper respiratory tract
- DBelongs to the enterovirus genus of the picornavirus family
31Which of the following statements is NOT true about rust fungi?
- AThey are obligate pathogens
- BThey are host specific pathogens
- CThey have an active saprophytic phase
- DThey form basidiospores as part of their life cycle
32Which of the following is NOT part of the plant disease triangle:
- ASusceptible host
- BClimate change
- CActive pathogen
- DSuitable environment
33Which of the following is primarily a respiratory pathogen?
- AVibrio cholera
- BMycobacterium tuberculosis
- CSalmonella typhi
- DMycobacterium leprae
34Modification of RNA polymerase confers bacterial resistance to:
- ABeta-lactam antibiotics
- BRifampicin
- CQuinolone antibiotics
- DMetronidazole
35Pasteur is attributed with which one of the following discoveries?
- AWas the first to see microorganisms under a microscope
- BFirst to discover and use agar
- CThat there could be life without air
- DThe first chemical antibiotics
36The length of a typical E.coli cell is approximately:
- A20 μm
- B2 μm
- C200 nm
- D20 nm
37With respect to differences between members of the archaeal and bacterial domains/kingdoms, which is the CORRECT statement?
- ABoth have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
- BNo bacteria and only some Archaea are capable of methanogenesis
- CArchaea and bacteria are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics
- DBacteria have similar RNA polymerase to that of Archaea
38Which statement is CORRECT with respect to the E.coli chromosome?
- AIt is negatively supercoiled
- BIt is positively supercoiled
- CThere are typically several origins of replication
- DIt consists of over 50 million base pairs
39A culture of E.coli is diluted by a factor of 10-6 and, after plating out 100 μl on an agar plate, 56 colonies grew after incubation at 37oC overnight. The original culture therefore contained how many viable E. coli cells per ml?
- A5.6 x 10(7)
- B5.6 x 10(8)
- C5.6 x 10(6)
- D5.6 x 10(5)
40Bacterial flagella bring about cell motion by which mechanism?
- AWave-like movement of the flagellum
- BRotation of the cell
- CRotation of the flagellum in one direction only
- DRotation of the flagellum that is reversible
Information
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- Papers covered; August 2013 May 2013
- Author
- tj.sloan
- Language
- English
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