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CJ review
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Questions in this quiz (77)
1Which of these are "non-traditional courts?"
- ADrug Courts
- BCommunal Courts
- CMental Health Courts
2What is a Diversion Court?
- ACourts that prevent defendants from having a conviction record
- BThe same as a deterrence court
- CA way of treating root causes. Criminogenic behavior
3What is criminogenic behavior?
- AMental health issues
- BCentral executive issues
- Cpoor education
- Dbehaviors that could be the reason behind crime
4What is the "Dual Court System"?
- AThe combination of higher and lower courts within our judicial system
- BThe combination of the Supreme court and municipal court
- CThe combination of Felony courts and misdemeanor courts
5List, in order from bottom to top, the structure of the general court system (State and Federal)
- Acourts of limited jurisdiction, courts of general jurisdiction, Courts of appellate jurisdiction
- BCourts of appellate jurisdiction, courts of general jurisdiction, courts of limited jurisdiction
- CCourts of general jurisdiction, courts of limited jurisdiction, courts of appellate jurisdiction
6Which is a part of the "Lower of Inferior Courts" of the State court system?
- AMagistrate's court
- BJustice of the Peace court
- CMunicipal court
- DCounty court
7What courts are a part of the "Major Trial Courts" in the State Court system?
- ACircuit Court
- BDistrict Court
- CSuperior Court
- DMunicipal Court
8What courts are a part of the "Intermediate Appellate Courts" in the state court system?
- AAppeals Court
- BSuperior Court
- CCourt of criminal appeals
- DU.S. courts of appeals
9Name, in order from bottom to top, the structure of State Courts. Name the Federal Courts order
- ALower or inferior courts, Major Trial Courts, Intermediate courts, Courts of last resort.
U.S. magistrate's courts, U.S. district courts, U.S. courts of appeals, United States Supreme court. - BU.S. Magistrate courts, Lower or inferior courts, major trial courts, U.S. district courts.
U.S. district courts, U.S. courts of appeals, Intermediate appellate courts, U.S. supreme Court - CCourts of Last resort, intermediate appellate courts, major trial courts, lower or inferior courts
U.S. magistrate's courts, U.S. courts of appeals, U.S. district courts, U.S. supreme court
- ALower or inferior courts, Major Trial Courts, Intermediate courts, Courts of last resort.
10how many courts of limited jurisdiction are there in the United States?
- Amore than 12,000
- B11,000
- Cmore than 13,000
- Dmore than 24,000
11What are some problems with lower courts?
- Aneglect by bar associations, higher courts, and government agencies
- Bthe volume and nature of their caseloads
- Ctrial de novo system-the system of new trials
- DToo much funding
12What can be problematic about electing judges?
- AThey have to run on a political party
- BThey may be bias
- Cgovernment coruption
13Courts of general jurisdiction are authorized to try what type of cases?
- Acriminal
- Bcivil
- Cdivorce
14Name the steps in the criminal court process for Misdemeanors and Felonies in County court?
- AArrest, Advisement, Preliminary hearing (for serious misdemeanors, optional for felonies), Arraignment, Pretrial conference/motions, trial, Sentencing
- BAdvisement, hearing, motions, arraignment, trial, sentenching
- CArrest, screening, probably cause hearing, grand jury, arraignment, bond action, pretrial hearing, trial, sentencing
15Name the steps in the criminal court process for Felonies going to criminal court
- AArrest, screening, probably cause hearing, grand jury, arraignment, bond action, pretrial hearing, trial, sentencing
- Badvisement, hearing, arraignment, pretrial conference, trial, sentencing
- Carrest, advisement, hearing, arraignment, motions hearing, trial, sentencing
16what are the U.S. district courts?
- AThe trial courts of the federal system and the District of Columbia
- BLower courts
- Cdiversion courts
17How many U.S. courts of Appeals are there?
- A10
- B11
- C12
- D13
18What states are in Texas' judiciary Circuit (5)?
- ATexas
- BLouisiana
- CMississippi
- DAlabama
19What did Marbury v. Madison establish?
- AThe supreme court claimed, exercised, and justified its authority to review and nullify acts of Congress that it found to conflict with the constitution
- BEstablished presidential patronage
20What is a writ of mandamus?
- Aa command to perform a certain duty
- BA request for a warrant
- CA latin word that doesn't mean anything.
21How does the U.S. Supreme court review cases?
- AWhen a federal court has held an act of congress to be unconstitutional
- Bwhen a U.S. court of appeals has found a state statute to be unconstitutional
- CWhen a state's highest court of appeals has ruled a federal law to be invalid
- DWhen an individual's challenge to a state statute on federal constitutional grounds has been upheld y a state supreme court
22What is a writ of certiorari?
- AWhen the supreme court decides which cases it will hear
- Ba writ of review issued by the court ordering a lower court to "forward up the record" of a case it has tried
23What is the Rule of Four?
- AWhen for or more justices feel that a case merits consideration by the full court
- BA square will always have four sides
24Some nontraditional courts according to the book?
- ADrug courts
- BSpring Break courts
- CStadium Courts
- DCollege courts
25What is the Missouri plan?
- AA hybrid plan advocated by the American Bar Association that implements appointment and election for judges. First a judge is appointed, then when the next election comes up, the people decided to keep the judge.
- BThe compromise that some states can appoint judges while others would have to elect them.
26What are the responsibilities of prosecutors?
- AEnforcing the law
- BRepresenting the government in matters of law
- CRepresenting the government and the people in matters of legislation and criminal justice reform.
27What are the responsibilities of appeals judges?
- Adetermining whether the proper procedures were followed in the presentation of the appeal
- Bexamining the written brief, the trail record, or other materials that may have been filed
- CPresiding over any oral arguments
- Dweighing the facts of the case and the nature of the appeal in order to arrive at a decision
- Enegotiating a decision through vote, persuasion, or compromise in cases in which more than one judge hears the appeal
- FPreparing a written opinion that details the logic and reasons for the decision
28What is nolle prosequi?
- Aa formal statement of unwillingness to proceed further in a particular case
- Ballowing defendants to plead guilty to a reduced charge or charges
- CA written or oral debate
29What happened in United States v. Cowen?
- ATwo aspects of prosecutorial discretion were involved: the nol. pros. and plea negotiation
- BMiranda rights
- CThe right to an attorney
30What happened in Brady v. United States?
- AFormally acknowledged the practice of plea negotiation
- BGave defendants the right to an attorney
- CExpanded the scope of search warrants
31What is a motion?
- Aan application made to the court of the judge requesting an order or ruling in favor of the applicant
- Bmovement to adjourn
32What is an expert witness?
- Acalled into court to provide technical information and opinions about matters of which the judge or jury may have no knowledge
- Ba citizen bystander that witnessed everything
- Can arresting officer who has some knowledge of the acts of the case
33Powell v. Alabama did what?
- AExtended the sixth amendment; right to counsel, but only to defendants who were indigent, who were facing the death penalty, illiterate, or other handicap
- BExpanded search and seizure procedures
- CEstablished firm 8th amendment protocols
34What is in forma pauperis
- Ain the form of a poor man; in the character of a poor person
- BA informal letter or paper
35Argersinger v. Hamlin did what?
- ASupreme court ruled that the right to counsel applies not only to state defendants charged with felonies but in all trials of persons for offenses serious enough to warrant a jail sentence
- BSupreme court ruled that police officers can do a plain feel search
36What does a withhold of adjudication mean?
- AIf the court withholds the adjudication of guilt the court has not convicted you
- BYou have waived your right to counsel
37What does Bail mean?
- Aa form of security guaranteeing that a defendant in a criminal proceeding will appear and be present in court at all times as required
- BWhen you flake out on plans
38What is the term for a third party that posts bond of an accused person
- Asurety
- Bbondsperson
39What did Stack v. Boyle do?
- Aaddress issues of excessive bail
- Bset a limit to the amount of bail that can be given to a person
- CMade it clear that the purpose of bail is to assure the defendant's attendance in court when his presence is required.
40What way(s) can an individual meet bail?
- AThe accused may post the full amount of the bond in cash
- BMany jurisdictions allow a defendant (or family and friends) to put up property as collateral)
- CUse the services of a bond agent
- DIssue a personal check
41What are some criticisms of the Bail System?
- ABail tends to discriminate against the poor
- BBail setting is totally discretionary on the part of the judge
- Cthe court has little time to investigate the background of the accused and, hence, cannot adequately determine the degree of risk
- DAs a means of protecting the community against offenders who are viewed as risks to social welfare and safety, bail is set so high that it can rarely be met
42What is a bench warrant?
- AA capias
- BWhen the defendant fails to appear in court as required. A bench warrant is authorized for their arrest
- CWhen a judge needs a new bench
43What is a ROR?
- AThe fraternity that Mike and Sully wanted to get into in Monster's University
- BRelease on recognizance; defendants are released in the custody of contacts without paying anything
44is an information a document filed by the prosecutor that states the formal charges, the statutes that have been violated, and the evidence supporting the charges?
- ATrue
- BFalse
45What is a presentment?
- Aa formal charging document issued by a grand jury on the basis of evidence presented to it by the prosecutor
- BA written notice of accusation issued by the grand jury. Comes from the initiative of the grand jury, based on its own knowledge and observation.
46Did Hurtado v. California rule that the grand jury was merely a form of procedure that the states could abolish at will?
- ATrue
- BFalse
47United States v. Calandra address the role of the exclusionary rule in grand jury proceedings
- ATrue
- BFalse
48What is transactional immunity?
- Aa witness is granted immunity against prosecution in return for testifying
- BPeople from other countries that commit a crime in U.S. soil have immunity
- CA person is put into witness protection
49"Use immunity" is a limited immunity that prohibits the government only from using the witness's compelled testimony in a subsequent criminal proceeding?
- ATrue
- BFalse
50What does nolo contendere mean?
- Ano contest
- Bguilty plea
- Cnew contest
51What is double jeopardy?
- ATwo trials for one offense
- BA question on the hit tv show in which a contestant can earn more money than is usually afforded to that particular category/question
52Which supreme court cases deal with double jeopardy?
- APalko v. Connecticut
- BBenton v. Maryland
- CDownum v. United States
- DMalbury v. Madison
53A bill of particulars is a written statement that specifies additional facts about the charges contained in the information or indictment
- ATrue
- BFalse
54A motion for severance of charges requests that each specific charge not be tried as a separate case
- ATrue
- BFalse
55The sixth amendment promises a speedy trial
- ATrue
- BFalse
56Klopfer v. North Carolina made sure that states had to ensure a speedy trial. Before, it was only at a federal level.
- ATrue
- BFalse
57The Speedy Trail Act of 1974 ensured what?
- AA reduction in delays in federal trials
- BA reduction in delays in state trials
58Duncan v. Louisiana settled the discrepancy of the right to a trial by jury "in all criminal prosecutions". It hadn't been fully binding in state trials
- ATrue
- BFalse
59Venire, or venire facias, is the writ that summons jurors.
- ATrue
- BFalse
60What does voir dire mean?
- ATo speak the truth
- BTo not speak the truth
- CA type of food
61Batson v. Kentucky did what?
- APrevent juries from not having minorities. Provided a jury of one's peers.
- BExamined the 8th amendment.
- CThe right to counsel was extended to minorities
62J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel T.B. made the exclusion of a certain gender in juries unconstitutional
- ATrue
- BFalse
63What is a sequestration?
- Athe removal of the jurors (and alternates, if any) from all possible outside influence.
- BThose people that ride horses
- CA discharging of the jury without a verdict
64Evidence in chief is the first, or direct, examination of a witness
- ATrue
- BFalse
65What is retribution?
- AAn effort to make the punishment as analogous as possible to the nature of the crime. Punishment is proportional to the crime.
- BThe desire to punish criminals because society gains some measure of satisfaction from seeing or knowing that they are punished
66What is Victim impact evidence?
- Aa statement of harm suffered by the victim or the victim's family as a result of the offender's actions
- BThe removal of dangerous persons from the community
67What is the difference between deterrence and rehabilitation?
- ADeterrence refers to the prevention of criminal acts by making examples of individuals convicted of a crime. Rehabilitation rests on the premise that people who commit crimes have identifiable reasons for doing so and that these can be discovered, addressed, and altered
- BThere is no difference
68Indeterminate sentencing are flat, fixed, or straight sentences, it has no set minimum or maximum but, rather, a fixed period of time.
- ATrue
- BFalse
69Truth-in-sentencing law requires offenders to serve a substantial portion of their sentences.
- ATrue
- BFalse
70Allocution is the right of a convicted offender to address the court personally prior to the imposition of sentence.
- ATrue
- BFalse
71What was the first supreme court case that invalidated a criminal punishment on eighth amendment grounds?
- AWeems v. United States
- BWainwright v. Illinois
- CMapp v. Ohio
72Witherspoon v. Illinois was the first indication that the death penalty might be in trouble
- ATrue
- BFalse
73Furman v. Georgia found the death penalty to be unconstitutional
- ATrue
- BFalse
74What was the issue in Gregg v. Georgia?
- AGeorgia's new bifurcated trial structure
- BRacial prejudice in sentencing
75Coker v. Georgia placed limitations on the imposition of capital sentences
- ATrue
- BFalse
76In Lockhart v. McCree, the court asserted that even if juries that support the death penalty are "conviction prone" this in itself does not violate any constitutional provisions
- ATrue
- BFalse
77In Tison v. Arizona, the Court held that a defendant who does not intend to commit murder and who does not actually commit murder may not be executed when he or she participated in a felony that leads to murder and is found to have exhibited "reckless indifference" for human life
- ATrue
- BFalse
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- quiz of chapters 10,11,12,13 and lectures
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- Celeste_Unwritten
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- English
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