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Equine navle memory
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Questions in this quiz (34)
1 Highly contagious URI, nasal discharge, regional LN abscesses (mandibular, retropharyngeal & parotid) turns to purpura hemorrhagica vasculitis 5% mortalitiy. DX w. nasal discharge or LN aspirate(PCR to differentiate S. equisimilis and zooepidemicus) TX w. penicillin before fever, w/o LN enlargement and Phenybutazone(pain), hot packs for drainage abscesses, ongoing infection leads to
- AStreprotcoccus equi: STRANGLES
- BStaphylococcus ssp.
2In horses the wolf teeth are?
- A1st PM,
- Bupper/lower canines
3burkholderia mullei GLANDERS
- Ais zoonotic and highly contagious and horses and donkeys and mules you usually this is fatal, you see ulcerations and nodules this is a gram negative coccobacilli that survives in wet humid areas, it's present in nasal exudates or ulcerated skin discharge, spread via food, water and contaminated horse meat see Central gray necrotic zones and small tubercle nodules
- BGram Positive, non zoonotic
4contagious equine metritis is reportable transmitted by
- ATaylorella equigenitalis, gram negative coccobacilli, non motile, microaerophilic there's no growth on macconkey see endometritis, temporary infertility in < 1 year olds, copious mucopurulent vulvar discharge from neutral field migration, dx with Amy's charcoal transport media but there should be no abx use 7 days before testing the sample is sent in within 48 Hours of the culture and sent for Selective testing via (Timoneyo CEM agar, or chocolate agar. It's treated with external wash with 2% chlorhexidine daily topical ointment and intrauterine antibiotic Irrigation in Mares
- BTaylorella equigenitalis, gram POSITIVE coccobacilli, non motile, microaerophilic there's no growth on macconkey see endometritis, temporary infertility in < 1 year olds, copious mucopurulent vulvar discharge from neutral field migration, dx with Amy's charcoal transport media but there should be no abx use 7 days before testing the sample is sent in within 48 Hours of the culture and sent for Selective testing via (Timoneyo CEM agar, or chocolate agar. It's treated with external wash with 2% chlorhexidine daily topical ointment and intrauterine antibiotic Irrigation in Mares
5rhodococcus equi cocci /coccobacilli rods cultured on blood smear agar, see granulomatous bronchopneumonia with extensive and abcessation, diagnosed with
- Aculture, molecular ID PCR for the vapA gene, treated with Rifampin and a macrolide like clarithromycin, controls via minimizing Dusty padlocks
- Bculture, molecular ID PCR for the vapB gene, treated with a macrolide like clarithromycin, controls via minimizing Dusty padlocks
6equine infectious swamp fever anemia is a lengthy virus that infects
- Amonocytes and macrophages via blood-feeding insects like horse flies, deer, stable flies this is reportable, you see epistaxis, petechial hemorrhaging, weight loss, diagnosed with Coggins test agar gel immunodiffusion for serum antibodies to p26 antigen. Euthanize or quarantine for life
- Bmonocytes and Neutrophils via blood-feeding insects like horse flies, deer, stable flies this is reportable, you see epistaxis, petechial hemorrhaging, weight loss, diagnosed with Coggins test agar gel immunodiffusion for serum antibodies to p26 antigen. Euthanize or quarantine for life
7equine sarcoids or dermal neoplasia in stud farm with spindle cell interlacing bundles and Whorls, via
- Abovine papillomavirus this is treated with excision, cryotherapy, radiation therapy or chemo in dogs it spontaneously regresses
- Bbovine leukemia virus this is treated with excision, cryotherapy, radiation therapy or chemo in dogs it spontaneously regresses
8equine infectious anemia via
- AA lentivirus, dz by doing a Coggins blood sample or horse side tests which are quick and you will see a thrombocytopenia, ventral abdominal edema, petechiation, you want to quarantine these for life about 12 feet away from other horses or euthanize this is transmitted by biting flies after feeding on an infected horse
- BA herpes virus, dz by doing a Coggins blood sample or horse side tests which are quick and you will see a thrombocytopenia, ventral abdominal edema, petechiation, you want to quarantine these for life about 12 feet away from other horses or euthanize this is transmitted by biting flies after feeding on an infected horse
9Pinworm mono-opercula, dx via a cellophane tape test along the anus for dx of
- Aoxyuri equi
- Btrichinus vulpis
- Cparascaris equorum
10obstruction in foal stomach and thrombosis and veruminous arthritis w. strongylus vulgaris nematodes
- Aparascaris equorum
- Boxyrui equi
11 cause of rectal prolapse a whipworm that has biopercula.
- AParascaris equorum
- BTrichuris vulpis
12west nile virus, flavivirus dx w/ real time PCR, VI, IHC and Tx supportively and vx
- ABirds like vulex mosquitos and aedes
- Bactinobacillus equi
13-actinobacillus equii
- Aneonatal septicemia sleepy foal disease where you see milk stain foreheads, pinpoint separated Foci in the kidneys, polyarthritis, pneumonia
- Bresp dz
14Equine viral rhinopneumonitis
- Aherpes virus 1,4 resp dz in foals(4-8mo) myeloencephalopathy mare abortions.
- Bcardiotoxin, renal toxin
15· Equine motor neuron dz:
- AVIT-E def you see rapid muscle wastings and rapid motor neuron degeneration, the muscles turn yellow-tan w. a gelatinous texture VS. equine protozoal myeloencephalitis from sarcocystis neurona where you see facial and gluteal muscle denervation atrophy.
- BVia P. equorum
16Laryngeal hemiplagia is also known as ROARING and due to?
- Adue to unilateral laryngeal muscle atrophy from degeneration of nerve fibers of the L-recurrent laryngeal nerve.
- Bdue to Bilateral laryngeal muscle atrophy from degeneration of nerve fibers of the R-recurrent laryngeal nerve.
17- Ionophore toxicity which cause heart and muscle issues is used as a
- Acoccidiostats lush growth promoter in cattle but horses are especially sensitive you see degeneration of heart and skeletal muscle diarrhea, Tremors tachycardia, ruminate any. It's diagnosed by confirming the amount in the feed. There's no treatment usually you cull if you see failure to thrive
- Bcoccidiostats lush growth promoter and cattle but horses are Not sensitive you see degeneration of heart and skeletal muscle diarrhea, Tremors tachycardia, ruminate any. It's diagnosed by confirming the amount in the feed. There's no treatment usually you cull if you see failure to thrive
18 a four-year-old Standardbred mare with 5 Day history of depression, head tilt, facial paralysis with worsening gait, Ataxia and knuckling of the limbs in the front in the fall. You see unilateral gluteal muscle atrophy, do a western blot with serology which indicates exposure. Definitive hosts are opossums. Treated with trazinemes, nitrothiazoles, antiflammatories, fair prognosis.
- AEPM sarcocystis neurona
- Blisteriosis
19- Horses with dermatophytosis(ringworm) are diagnosed with a trichogram or biopsy>woods lamp or DTM they are treated with
- Amiconazole and chlorhexidine *** you may also see spontaneous remission in 3 months
- BEnilconazole
20in Horses with Dermatophilosis a gram positive facultative anaerobic actinomycyte****
- Ayou will see paintbrush lesions on the hair. Lance white, yellow or green pus, railroad track appearance with filamentous bundles of cocoid bacteria with neutrophils. Treatment is regression within 4 weeks in dry weather also throw the crust removals away, lime sulfur at 2 to 5%, chlorhex at 1 to 4%, TMS, penicillin or streptomycin and iodophors
- Bwhite, yellow or green pus, railroad track appearance with filamentous bundles of cocoid bacteria with neutrophils. Treatment is regression within 4 weeks in dry weather also throw the crust removals away, lime sulfur at 2 to 5%, chlorhex at 1 to 4%, TMS, penicillin or streptomycin and iodophors
21herpes is enveloped, DSdna, with a single Gene, protein and a linear genome. Equine herpes virus 1 / equine rhinopneumonitis causes
- Amid late pregnancy abortion, respiratory disease / early foal death, cns,
- Bcoital exanthema, RESP dz in adults & foals, rare. treated with fluids anti-inflammatories and vaccinating.
22 EHV4/ causes
- ARESP dz in adults & foals, rare.
- Bcoital exanthema,
23- umbilicus has the urachus which is a path for infection, two umbilical arteries, and one umbilical vein
- Aurachus which is a path for infection, One umbilical artery, and Two umbilical veins
- B- umbilicus has the urachus which is a path for infection, two umbilical arteries, and one umbilical vein
24Neonatal sepsis
- Aassociated with failure of passive transfer after diarrhea, respiratory disease mostly 80% is due to E coli. Diagnosed with cases of polyarthritis or meningitis suspicion run a blood culture to definitively diagnose 30% is insensitive so we typically don't bother testing but if we do we use culture from the joints, CSF, effusion. Treat infection supportively, broad-spectrum antibiotics IV like, florphenocal, ampicillin, enrofloxacin only in camels or calves with pneumonia lavage infected joints or off-label cephalosporins in sheep and goats but not in the four major food species like cows and pigs and turkeys and chickens. Give fluids less than 50 ml / kg / day for diuresis of crias with hypoproteinemia, hypernatremia, hyperglycemia and reduce flunixin meglumine dose to 0.5 mg / kg Q 24 hours or add Omeprazole to pantoprazole to avoid ulcers
- BNeonatal isourethrolysis
25· -tyzzers dz caused by
- Aclostridium piliforme and leptospirosis also target the liver(centrilobular necrosis)
- BClostridium perfringens, and leptospirosis and targets the liver via centrilobular necrosis
26· Oak toxicity—
- ANephrotoxic, quercus, pyrogallol, you see swollen kidneys, cortical petechia and intratubular hemorrhage.
- BCardiotoxic, reprotoxin
27Monday morning sickness(exertional rhabdomyolysis) seen in horses when
- Adef in VIT E, selenium, or w. glycogen storage dz or electrolyte depletion.
- Bdef in VIT A, selenium,
28· Streptococcus equi ssp equi also known as
- APurpura hemorrhagica you see pettichial echymosis, Dx w. histo
- B· Staphylococcus equi ssp equi— see pettichial echymosis, Dx w. histo
29· Psyllium hydropholic mucilloid(Metamucil)—uses
- Ahorses w. sand impactions INC efficiency when given with mineral oil. Dogs, cats w/ impactions from insufficient fiber or large bowel diarrhea
- Bcolic
30· HYPP myotonic disorder in quarter horses stallion impressive we see
- AA delayed inactivation of SODIUM channel activity resulting in continuous muscle fiber electrical activity transient myotonia and release of POTASSIUM as a result of extracellular space. (HYPERkalemia, flaccid paralysis, collapse)
- BIncreased inactivation of SODIUM channel activity resulting in continuous muscle fiber electrical activityà transient myotoniaà and release of POTASSIUM as a result of extracellular space. (HYPERkalemia, flaccid paralysis, collapse)
31Neonatal isoerythrolysis in cats is seen with
- Aall the types that have strong antibodies against type A but more than 95% of DSHs are type A
- Bthe types that have strong antibodies against type A but more than 95% of DSHs are type B
32 four-month-old foal with lethargy, decreased appetite, tachypnea and nostril flare Broncopneumonia intestinal infection that is non septic polysynovitis from soil contamination. Diagnosed with culture, cytology where you see pleomorphic rods, intracellular gram positive bacteria this is treated with Clarithromycin or azithromycin and rifampin, isolating the foal and the mare
- A· - rhodococcus pneumonia
- BStaphylococcus equi
33· - Horses Don't release reticulocytes check bone marrow instead
- ATrue
- BFalse
34Treatment for horses with choriptes is
- AWith Fipronil AKA Frontline/ lime sulfur or you could do ivermectan at 0.2 mg / kg po Q 14 days for 6 weeks
- Blime sulfur for chorioptes you could do ivermectan at 0.2 mg / kg po Q 14 days for 6 weeks
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- College of Veterinary Medicine Navle Quiz on Equine navle memory, created by Ruby Gamez (AZ AZCVM 21) on 19/04/2021.
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- Ruby Gamez (AZ AZCVM 21)
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