Quiz
FINAL THYROID QUIZ
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Questions in this quiz (30)
1What is the primary blood supply to the superior portion of the thyroid gland?
- AInferior thyroid artery
- BSuperior thyroid artery
- CExternal carotid artery
- DInternal carotid artery
2The thyroglossal duct completely regresses in all individuals by the 10th week of development.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3Which of the following are functions of thyroid hormones (T3 & T4)?
- AIncrease basal metabolic rate
- BRegulate thermogenesis
- CStimulate calcium reabsorption
- DInhibit gut motility
- EInfluence cardiovascular function
4Follicular Cells → [blank_start]Produce and secrete T3 & T4[blank_end]
Parafollicular Cells → [blank_start]Secrete calcitonin[blank_end]
Colloid → [blank_start]Stores thyroid hormones[blank_end]
Thyroid Capsule → [blank_start]Provides structural support[blank_end]- AProduce and secrete T3 & T4
- BSecrete calcitonin
- CStores thyroid hormones
- DProvides structural support
5Which enzyme is responsible for iodination of tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin?
- AThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- BSodium-iodide symporter (NIS)
- CThyroid peroxidase (TPO)
- DDeiodinase
6The thyroid originates from ectoderm during embryonic development.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7Which structures are closely related to the thyroid gland?
- ATrachea
- BCarotid sheath
- CSternothyroid muscle
- DRecurrent laryngeal nerve
- EJugular foramen
8Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with thyroid hormone overproduction?
- AHashimoto’s thyroiditis
- BGraves’ disease
- CIodine deficiency goitre
- DCongenital hypothyroidism
9T3 is the more active form of thyroid hormone compared to T4.
- ATrue
- BFalse
10Label the correct vessels that surround and supply the thyroid gland.
- ASuperior vena cava
- Bsubclavian vein
- Cbrachiocephalic vein
- Dinferior thyroid vein
- Emiddle thyroid vein
- Finternal jugular vein
- Gsuperior thyroid vein
- Harch of aorta
- Isubclavian artery
- Jthyrocervical trunk
- Kinferior thyroid artery
- Lcommon carotid artery
- Msuperior thyroid artery
- Nexternal carotid artery
- Ointernal carotid artery
11Select the effects of hyperthyroidism:
- AWeight loss
- BIncreased heart rate
- CHeat intolerance
- DBradycardia
12The primary action of calcitonin is:
- AIncrease calcium absorption
- BLower blood calcium levels
- CIncrease osteoclast activity
13The thyroid gland moves when swallowing.
- ATrue
- BFalse
14Match hormones to their regulatory effects:
TSH → [blank_start]Stimulates thyroid hormone release[blank_end]
TRH → [blank_start]Stimulates TSH release[blank_end]
T3/T4 → [blank_start]Inhibit TRH and TSH secretion[blank_end]- AStimulates thyroid hormone release
- BStimulates TSH release
- CInhibit TRH and TSH secretion
15T4 is converted to T3 in peripheral tissues.
- ATrue
- BFalse
16The major venous drainage of the thyroid gland is via:
- AInternal jugular and brachiocephalic veins
- BAxillary veins
- Csuperior vena cava
17Which of the following are symptoms of hypothyroidism?
- AFatigue
- BCold intolerance
- CBradycardia
- DHeat intolerance
18Which condition is associated with an autoimmune attack on the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism?
- AGraves’ disease
- BHashimoto’s thyroiditis
- CMultinodular goitre
19The thyroid gland is located anterior to the cricoid cartilage.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20Label the different cellular apparatus of the thyroid in this micrograph:
- AFollicular cells
- BParafollicular (C) cells
- CColloid
- DThyroid Follicle
- EChief cell
- FOxyphil cell
- Gendothelial cell
21Which hormones regulate calcium homeostasis?
- AParathyroid hormone (PTH)
- BCalcitonin
- CThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- DFollicle stimulating hormone
22Which of the following symptoms is associated with congenital hypothyroidism?
- AHyperactivity
- BDevelopmental delay
- CIncreased metabolism
23Iodine is required for thyroid hormone synthesis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
24Which nerve is most at risk during thyroid surgery?
- AVagus nerve
- BRecurrent laryngeal nerve
- CHypoglossal nerve
25Which embryological structure gives rise to the thyroid gland?
- A1st pharyngeal pouch
- B2nd pharyngeal arch
- CEndoderm of the primitive pharynx
- DNeural crest cells
26The superior parathyroid glands develop from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch.
- ATrue
- BFalse
27Match the embryological structure to its derivative:
Thyroglossal Duct → [blank_start]Pyramidal lobe or thyroglossal duct cyst[blank_end]
Ultimobranchial Bodies → [blank_start]Parafollicular (C) cells[blank_end]
3rd Pharyngeal Pouch → [blank_start]Inferior parathyroid glands & thymus[blank_end]
4th Pharyngeal Pouch → [blank_start]Superior parathyroid glands[blank_end]- APyramidal lobe or thyroglossal duct cyst
- BParafollicular (C) cells
- CInferior parathyroid glands & thymus
- DSuperior parathyroid glands
28Which of the following are part of the lymphatic drainage of the thyroid gland?
- APretracheal nodes
- BParatracheal nodes
- CDeep cervical nodes
- DAxillary nodes
29Which nerves provide innervation to the thyroid gland?
- AGlossopharyngeal and vagus nerves
- BRecurrent laryngeal and superior laryngeal nerves
- CPhrenic and hypoglossal nerves
- DCervical sympathetic trunk only
30At which week of gestation does the thyroid gland reach its final position in the neck?
- AWeek 4
- BWeek 5
- CWeek 7
- DWeek 10
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- Bsc Anatomical Science Quiz on FINAL THYROID QUIZ, created by Struan Cooper on 18/03/2025.
- Author
- Struan Cooper
- Language
- English
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