11878362
Descripción
Test por Med Student , actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Med Student
hace más de 6 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Indicate the correct statement(s)
Respuesta
-
granulation tissue is rich of capillaries and cells
-
granulation tissue is rich in collagen fibres and fibroblasts and contains less blood vessels
-
granulation tissue is the immature connective tissue
-
fibrous tissue is immature connective tissue
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What is hyper-granulation?
Respuesta
-
mature connective tissue
-
hypertrophic tumor-like cicatrix/scar
-
greater amount of granulation tissue
-
none of the above
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What is a scar?
Respuesta
-
hypertrophic granulation tissue
-
mature connective tissue
-
hypertrophic tumor-like cicatrix
-
none of the above
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What is a keloid?
Respuesta
-
hypertrophic tumor-like cicatrix
-
mature connective tissue
-
greater amount of granulation tissue
-
none of the above
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which stain can be used to prove of scarring (cicatrix) of the heart?
Respuesta
-
Van Gieson
-
Peris
-
Congo Red
-
PAS
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the could not be seen in rheumatoid nodules?
Respuesta
-
Fibrinoid necrosis
-
Epitheloid cells
-
Langhans cells
-
Lymphocytes
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Indicate the correct statement(s) for the polyarteriitis nodosa.
Respuesta
-
it is an autoimmune disease
-
it affects mostly the elastic arteries
-
there is accumulation of glucosaminoglycans in the vessel walls which can be demonstrated with metachromasia with Toluidin Bleu
-
the branches of the pulmonary arteries are affected
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Anaphylactic hypersensitivity reactions are related to:
Respuesta
-
Hemolytic anemia
-
Hashimoto thyroiditis
-
Allergic rhinitis
-
Bronchial asthma
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Cytotoxic hypersensitivity reactions are related to:
Respuesta
-
hashimoto thyroiditis
-
hemolytic anemia
-
allergic rhinitis
-
nodosal poyarteriitis
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Immune complexes mediated hypersensitivity reactions are related to:
Respuesta
-
polyartheriitis nodosa
-
rheumatoid arthritis
-
hemolytic anemia
-
tuberculosis
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Cell mediated hypersensitivity reactions are related to:
Respuesta
-
Tuberculosis
-
Polyarteriitis nodosa
-
Bronchial asthma
-
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Indicate characteristics of the benign tumors.
Respuesta
-
expansive type of growth
-
fast speed of growth
-
invading and destroying the adjacent tissues
-
in general they have good prognosis
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Indicate characteristics of the benign tumors
Respuesta
-
infiltrative growth
-
slow, long term developntcnt
-
usually they don't recur after complete surgery
-
their microscopic structure shows only tissue atypia
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Indicate correct characteristics of the malignant tumors.
Respuesta
-
expansive growth
-
fast speed of growth
-
they have poor prognosis in general
-
composed of differentiated, mature cells
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Indicate correct characteristics of the malignant tumors.
Respuesta
-
infiltrative growth
-
microscopic structure shows both tissue and cells atypia
-
good prognosis in general
-
metastasizing
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which is the most common way of metastasizing of epithelial tumors?
Respuesta
-
by lymphatics (lymphogenic metastases)
-
with blood (hematogenic metastases)
-
by cerebrospinal fluid
-
none of the above
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
What is papilloma?
Respuesta
-
malignant tumor of the covering epithelium
-
benign tumor of glandular epithelium
-
benign tumor of cover type epithelium
-
benign soft tissue tumor
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Indicate the correct characteristic(s) for papilloma
Respuesta
-
it has tree-like stroma covered by differentiated stratified squamous epithelium
-
it has tree-like stroma covered by undifferentiated squamous epithelium with signs of cell atypia
-
stroma and parenchyma are difficult to distinguish
-
it doesn't have a capsule
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What is the term used for malignant tumors of cover type epithelium?
Respuesta
-
adenocarcinoma
-
papilloma
-
carcinoma
-
sarcoma
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What is the term used for malignant tumors of glandular type epithelial origin?
Respuesta
-
adenocarcinoma
-
adenoma
-
carcinoma
-
carcino-adenoma
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What is the term used for benign tumors of glandular type epithelial origin?
Respuesta
-
papilloma
-
adenoma
-
teratoma
-
adenocarcinoma
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Point the correct statement(s) about basal cell carcinoma.
Respuesta
-
it develops only on the skin
-
it can develop at any place with squamous epithelium
-
it characterizes with early lymphogenic and hematogenic metastases
-
very often it recurs at the same place after surgery
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Keratinized squamous cell carcinoma:
Respuesta
-
develops only on the skin
-
can develop at any place with squamous epithelium
-
is highly undifferenciated malignant tumor
-
is a tumor composed of more differenciated cells with keratin production
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What kind of structures are the cancer perls?
Respuesta
-
accumulation of keratin produced by more differentiated malignant cells originating from squamous epithelium
-
pink-coloured homogenous substance located in the centre of the tumor nests
-
accumulation of mucus produced by highly undifferentiated malignant cells located in the centre of the tumor nests
-
pink homogenous substance that accumulates in the stroma of the tumor
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The gross appearance of which tumor is called "ulcus rodens"?
Respuesta
-
squamous cell carcinoma
-
melanoma
-
basal cell carcinoma
-
adenocarcinoma
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Squamous cell carcinoma develops in the lung after:
Respuesta
-
acute bronchitis
-
chronic bronchitis accompanied by metaplasia
-
bronchial asthma
-
inhalaton of a foreign body
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Indicate the correct microscopic features of cell atypia
Respuesta
-
polymorphism of cells and nuclei
-
low nucleus-cytoplasm index
-
typical mitoses
-
monster cells, hyperchromasia and polychromasia of nuclei
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
What are the characteristics of the nuclei of the malignant tumors?
Respuesta
-
polychromasia
-
normal staining pattern
-
hyperchromasia
-
increased nucleo-cytoplasmic index
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder arises from:
Respuesta
-
squamous epithelium
-
transitional epithelium
-
glandular epithelium
-
smooth musculature
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
What is carcinoma in situ?
Respuesta
-
malignant tumor limited to the epithelium above the basal membrane
-
malignant tumor destroying the basal membrane but spreading no more than 5mm below it
-
benign tumor limited to the basal membrane
-
benign tumor of a great size compressing the surrounding tissues
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
What type of atypia could be seen in the benign tumors of glandular epithelium?
Respuesta
-
tissue atypia
-
cell atypia
-
both tissue and cell atypia
-
none of the above
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which staining is used for proving mucus production from gelatinous adenocarcinoma?
Respuesta
-
Congo red
-
Toluidin bleu, metachromasia is demonstrated
-
PAS reaction with amylase control
-
Van Gieson
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Pericanalicular and intracanalicular are types of:
Respuesta
-
Ductal carcinoma of the breast
-
Paget's disease
-
Renal cell carcinoma
-
Fibroadenoma
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Kruckenberg tumors are:
Respuesta
-
metastases from colon adenocarcinoma in the ovaries
-
metastases from pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the ovaries
-
metastases from gastric carcinoma in the ovaries
-
metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma in the ovaries
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Pleomorphic adenoma could be seen mainly:
Respuesta
-
in the parotid gland
-
in the minor salivary glands
-
in the stomach
-
in the thyroid gland
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Indicate the correct statements about fibroadenoma of the breast.
Respuesta
-
capsulated and lobulated tumor
-
non-capsulated malignant tumor with invasive growth
-
microscopically it has two types -- intracanalicular and pericanalicuJar
-
seen in older women
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Mark the correct statements about papillary cystadenoma of the ovary:
Respuesta
-
malignant tumor
-
has cyst-like and papillary structures
-
histological characteristics include serous and mucinous types
-
it is a physiological change related to menstrual cycle
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
'Linitis plastica' is a gross subtype of:
Respuesta
-
gastric cancer
-
pancreatic cancer
-
breast cancer
-
uterine cancer
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Grossly adenocarcinoma of the colon can be:
Respuesta
-
polypoid
-
ulcerous
-
nodular
-
all of the listed above
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
The terms "early cancer" and "advanced cancer" are used for:
Respuesta
-
gastric adenocarcinoma
-
adenocarcinoma of the endometrium
-
adenocarcinoma of the colon
-
breast cancer
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Malignant tumors from soft tissue are called:
Respuesta
-
carcinomas
-
word for tissue origin+ suffix " —oma"
-
sarcomas
-
teratomas
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Indicate the characteristics of the sarcomas.
Respuesta
-
seen in older age
-
grossly they look like "fish meat"
-
they give early hematogenic metastases
-
parenchyma and stroma are equally distributed
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Mark the characteristics of the carcinomas.
Respuesta
-
seen in young people
-
they metastasize by the blood flow first
-
grossly they have granular surface
-
parenchyma and stroma are equally distributed
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
What kind of sarcoma could be seen in an immune deficiency?
Respuesta
-
Kaposi sarcoma
-
Ewing sarcoma
-
Rhabdomyosarcoma
-
Chondrosarcoma
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Which of the following sarcomas have the worst prognosis?
Respuesta
-
liposarcoma
-
ostesarcoma
-
fibrosarcoma
-
leiomysarcoma
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
What staining can be used to distinguish leiomyoma uteri from fibroma?
Respuesta
-
Congo red
-
Perls
-
PAS reaction with PAS control
-
Van Gieson
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Point the characteristics of the leiomyosarcoma.
Respuesta
-
polymorphism of cells and nuclei
-
hyper- and polychromasia of nuclei
-
typical mytoses
-
monster cells
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
What is hybernoma?
Respuesta
-
benign tumor of vascular origin
-
benign tumor originating from brown fat tissue
-
benign tumor originating from striated muscles
-
malignant tumor originating from pigment tissue
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
What are the signs of the atypia in a nevus?
Respuesta
-
asymmetry of the lesion, irregular borders
-
dark color, irregular color of the lesion
-
diameter less than 5mm
-
regular borders
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
How should a biopsy be done if there is a suspicion for the melanoma?
Respuesta
-
incision biopsy
-
punch biopsy
-
excision biopsy
-
brush biopsy
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Point the most common localizations of the teratomas.
Respuesta
-
ovaries, testis
-
extremities
-
retroperitoneum
-
mediastinum
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Which of the following are organoid teratomas
Respuesta
-
nephroblastoma
-
cholesteatoma
-
dermoid cyst
-
branchiogcnic cyst
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Which of the following is organismoid teratoma
Respuesta
-
epidermoid cyst
-
teratocarcinoma
-
dermoid cyst
-
nefroblastoma
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
What is a nevus pigmentosus?
Respuesta
-
tumor-like process
-
tumor process
-
microscopically it contains mature melanocytes
-
microscopically it contains cells with signs of severe atypia and some of them contain melanin
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
What is a melanoma?
Respuesta
-
malignant congenital tumor
-
benign tumor composed of melanocytes
-
malignant tumor of pigment origin
-
none of the above
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
What is an achromatic melanoma?
Respuesta
-
benign form of melanoma
-
melanoma without melanin in the tumor cells
-
type of melanoma which can be proved with immunohistochemical tests
-
melanoma which is more differentiated
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Point possible localizations of the nevus pigmentosus and melanoma.
Respuesta
-
skin
-
uvea
-
meninges
-
all of the above
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
Lentigo maligna, nodular, superficial, acral lentigenous are gross forms of:
Respuesta
-
melanoma
-
squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
-
basal cell carcinoma of the skin
-
nevus pigmentosus
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
Indicate immunohistochemical stains to prove melanoma
Respuesta
-
HMB-45
-
Ca-125
-
S-100
-
Cytokeratin
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
Which of the following tumors do not have a stroma
Respuesta
-
choriocarcinoma
-
seminoma
-
nephroblstoma
-
neuroblastoma
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Indicate types of nevus pigmentosus:
Respuesta
-
acquired and congenital
-
junctional, compound, intradermal
-
benign and malignant nevus
-
ectodermal and endodermal nevus
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
Melanin is:
Respuesta
-
lipidogenic pigment
-
proteinogenic pigment
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Where is lipofuscin deposited?
Respuesta
-
intracellularly
-
extracellularly
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
The frozen section ('gefrir') is:
Respuesta
-
rapid 'intraoperative' histological diagnosis
-
rapid cytology method
-
type of medical imaging
-
histochemical method
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
The term „pathognomonic change" means:
Respuesta
-
unexplained change
-
paradoxical change
-
sufficient to identify the diagnosis/lesion
-
diffuse inflammatory change
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
Most likely the cause of centrolobular fatty degeneration of hepatocytes is:
Respuesta
-
diabetes
-
intoxication
-
hypoxia
-
overfeeding
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
Hyaline — droplet degeneration has following characteristics:
Respuesta
-
extracellular
-
intracellular
-
protein accumulation
-
carbohydrate accumulation
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
What pigment is formed in the center of the hematoma?
Respuesta
-
hemosiderin
-
lipofuscin
-
hemomelanin
-
hematoidin
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
In which blood vessels are formed most frequently mixed thrombi?
Respuesta
-
large veins
-
arteries
-
capillaries
-
venules
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Squamous cell carcinoma occurs most frequently in:
Respuesta
-
stomach
-
skin
-
bladder
-
larynx
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
Hyperemic-hemorrhagic zone occurs in:
Respuesta
-
tophi urici
-
nodular amyloidosis
-
anemic infarction
-
pneumonia
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
Which types of bleeding occur in the digestive system?
Respuesta
-
hemothorax
-
hemoptysis
-
melena
-
hematemesis
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
Which of the following cell damages are irreversible?
Respuesta
-
necrosis
-
apoptosis
-
vacuolar degeneration
-
cellular edema
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
Left ventricular hypertrophy can develop in:
Respuesta
-
cor pulmonale
-
systemic hypertension
-
mitral stenosis
-
aortic stenosis
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
Cancer cells which show no resemblance to the tissue from which the tun originates are called:
Respuesta
-
undifferentiated carcinoma
-
well-differentiated carcinoma
-
scirrhous type carcinoma
-
histioid cancer
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Which of the following is correct for the mechanical jaundice?
Respuesta
-
indirect bilirubin prevails in blood
-
elevated urine urobilinogen
-
elevated urine bilirubin
-
stools are hyperpigmented
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Basal cell carcinoma is localized most frequently on:
Respuesta
-
the skin of the forearm
-
the skin of the lower limbs
-
the skin on the palms
-
skin of the face
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
Caseous necrosis is characteristic for:
Respuesta
-
specific inflammation
-
tuberculosis
-
enzyme fat necrosis
-
chronic pyelonephritis
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Bilaterally, on the skin of the eyelids of a young woman are seen yellow nodules with the size of a grain of rice. What is it?
Respuesta
-
xanthelasmas
-
nevus
-
efelides
-
hemosiderin deposition
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Which of the following are protein accumulations?
Respuesta
-
in the epithelial cells of renal tubules
-
russel bodies
-
bodies of Mallory
-
asteroid cells
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Hemorrhagic infarction develops in:
Respuesta
-
organs with end type arteries (end type blood supply)
-
blockage of arterioles
-
previous venous stasis
-
organs with double blood supply
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
How do we call the local depigmentation of the skin?
Respuesta
-
vitiligo
-
hemosiderosis
-
albinism
-
ohronosis
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
What kinds of techniques are used for the detection of the lipids:
Respuesta
-
freezing microtome
-
paraffin method
-
alcohol fixation
-
staining with Sudan Ill
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
The sequence of local structural changes in a disease is called
Respuesta
-
sanogenesis
-
pathogenesis
-
tanatogenesis
-
morphogenesis
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
" Tiger Heart " is diagnosed when:
Respuesta
-
subepicardial fat is increased
-
yellowish lines in the papillary muscles are seen
-
the interventricular septum is injured
-
infarcted area of the left ventricle in seen
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
Which of the following is correct for the mechanical jaundice:
Respuesta
-
it is parenchymal jaundice
-
there is posthepatic occlusion
-
direct bilirubin is increased
-
it is also called hemolytic jaundice
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
The risks involved in fast draining of large quantities of acistes are:
Respuesta
-
development of low oncotic pressure edema
-
bleeding into the abdominal cavity
-
massive arterial hyperemia in the abdominal vessels
-
hemodynamic collapse
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
"Mutilation" means :
Respuesta
-
form of biological mutation
-
pendulum movement of the blood
-
zonal hair loss
-
self amputation of phalanges
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
It is true that :
Respuesta
-
concentric hypertrophy is also called tonogenic
-
eccentric hypertrophy is myogenic
-
hypertrophy can be combined with hyperplasia
-
false type of hypertrophy is hyperplasia
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
Sources of fat embolism in the lung are
Respuesta
-
the bone marrow in the long bones
-
subcutaneous fat
-
liver with fatty degeneration
-
ulcerated atherosclerotic plaque of the aorta
Pregunta 91
Pregunta
Which of these factors lead to nutmeg liver?
Respuesta
-
short venous stasis
-
arterial hyperemia
-
chronic venous congestion
-
mitral stenosis
Pregunta 92
Pregunta
In the bronchi and nasal cavity may develop squamous cell carcinoma based on:
Respuesta
-
hypoplasia
-
histological accommodation
-
anaplasia
-
metaplasia
Pregunta 93
Pregunta
Amyloid demonstates following characteristics:
Respuesta
-
identified with Tioflavin S in fluorescence
-
shows metachromasia with Perls
-
identified with Congo rot in polarized light
-
ultrastructurally has fibrillary structure
Pregunta 94
Pregunta
Anaphylactic shock occurs in:
Respuesta
-
hypersensitivity reactions cytotoxic type
-
response induced by immune complexes
-
atopic reactions
-
delayed type hypersensitivity
Pregunta 95
Pregunta
A basal cell carcinoma is localized most frequently on:
Respuesta
-
the skin of the forearm
-
the skin of the lower limbs
-
the skin on the palms
-
the skin of the face
Pregunta 96
Pregunta
Reaction for Prussian blue is used for:
Respuesta
-
tattoos
-
proof of bilirubin
-
proof of hemosiderin
-
in hemochromatosis
Pregunta 97
Pregunta
How could an air embolism be proved:
Respuesta
-
in the presence of witnesses
-
autopsy in a bathtub
-
puncturing the right ventricle
-
puncturing of the left ventricle
Pregunta 98
Pregunta
Which enzymes are involved in a melanogenesis?
Respuesta
-
hyaluronidase
-
tvrosinase
-
dopa oxidase
-
lipase
Pregunta 99
Pregunta
Infarctions of which organs could often lead to the death of the patient?
Respuesta
-
renal infarction
-
infarction of the spleen
-
infarction of heart
-
cerebral infarction
Pregunta 100
Pregunta
In cancers with epithelial origin:
Respuesta
-
cells are arranged in sheets, nests or cords
-
resemble 'fish meat'
-
metastasize primarily by blood
-
cells show atypia
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