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Preguntas del test (65)
1A teacher is helping a withdrawn child to increase his interaction with other students. The teacher has the other children in the classroom smile and compliment the child when he talks to them. The teacher also instructs the other children not to laugh when the withdrawn child has problems speaking. Which strategy for promoting generalization is the teacher using?
- Amodifying contingencies of reinforcement and punishment in the natural environment
- Btraining skills that contact natural contingencies of reinforcement
- Cincorporating a variety of relevant stimulus situations in training
- Dteaching a range of functionally equivalent responses
2I want to determine how skillful young Luke is before I start training him on lightsaber skills. I could do an initial assessment on board the Millennium Falcon with Luke wearing a blast shield helmet and practicing against a remote (a small flying object that administers little stinging shocks) but I decide that I want to conduct a more realistic baseline assessment in a real situation (maybe with a pretend storm trooper shooting at him when he thinks they are real...)... This type of assessment is called _________.
- Aa functional assessment
- Ban in situ assessment
- Can external assessment
- Da situated assessment
3______ reinforcers are used during shaping because they enable rapid delivery of the reinforcer and prevent satiation from occurring.
- AUnconditioned
- BTangible
- CConditioned
- DEdible
4If I am teaching someone how to do something, and it is an easy task, what is the best chaining procedure to use?
- AForward chaining.
- BIt doesn't matter - they all work equally well.
- COperant chaining.
- DBackward chaining.
5Which of the following is NOT a type of differential reinforcement?
- ADRO
- BDRA
- CDRL
- DDRB
6Which component of the behavioral skills training procedure is an antecedent strategy?
- Ainstructions
- Bmodeling
- Crehearsal
- DA and B
7When reinforcement for each approximation of the target behavior is eliminated ______________ occurs, and a ______________ behavior is then reinforced.
- Aan extinction burst ; novel
- Bspontaneous recovery ; desirable
- Cpunishment ; desirable
- Dconditioning ; prior
8How did we decide in class that a dog could be taught to go to the bathroom at home in a designated spot when the owner is not actually there?
- AShaping the dog to get closer to the designated spot each day.
- BPunishing the dog for going to the bathroom in the wrong spot each day when you get home but reinforcing the dog if you get home and it has gone in the correct spot.
- CAn SD of a green light, physical prompting that eventually is faded to transfer stimulus control to the SD, and of course reinforcement of the desired behavior.
- DBy careful use of least to most prompting.
9When, where, _____, under what circumstances or situations...
- Awhy
- Bwhat
- Cwith whom
- Dat what cost
10Which of the following behavioral principles is(are) involved in shaping?
- Aextinction
- Bpunishment
- Creinforcement
- DA and C
11What is the neurological mechanism that appears to explain why we learn from watching others (modeling)?
- AMirror neurons.
- BSpindle neurons.
- CResponse Prompting neurons.
- DVisual information is detected in the Occipital lobe and then transferred to the lateral sulcus.
12When a child with autism engages in repetitive tapping of his pencil and this behavior is reinforced by the sound of the pencil hitting the table, this is an example of:
- Asocial negative reinforcement
- Bautomatic positive reinforcement
- Csocial positive reinforcement
- Dautomatic negative reinforcement
13Which of the following is a guideline for using prompting and transfer of stimulus control correctly?
- Apresent the discriminative stimulus and the appropriate promt
- Btransfer stimulus control to the natural discriminative stimulus
- Creinforce the correct behavior
- Dall of these
14Antecedent control procedures are used along with ________ so that desired behaviors are more likely to occur and competing behaviors are less likely to occur.
- Apunishment
- Bdifferential reinforcement
- Cchaining
- Dshaping
15Nicole is trying to decide whether to attend a group assertiveness training or to meet individually with the therapist. The therapist wants her to attend the group because
- Athe group is more time and cost effective for the therapist.
- Bthe group is much easier to do for the therapist.
- Cthe group will provide Nicole with more opportunities for rehearsal.
- DA & B are true.
- EAll of the above are true.
16How is chaining different from shaping?
- AShaping does not reach a sequence of behaviors.
- BOnly chaining uses prompts.
- COnly chaining uses multiple steps.
- DA and B
- EAll of the above.
17On the day we covered chaining in class, we did a task analysis while the subject was out of the room. He was let back into the room and he took his seat. What was the very first thing that we did next?
- AWe chose the correct chaining method to use.
- BDr. Karver gave the initial SD and the trainer prompted the first response..
- CWe reinforced the subject for the first behavior that was an approximation of our desired behavior
- DDr. Karver gave the initial SD and we collected baseline data.
18Which of the following does no go with the others?
- ATalking in class, talking to other students, etc.
- BUse of multiple exemplars.
- CUse of natural contingencies.
- DFunctionally Equivalent alternative behaviors.
- EResponse class.
19Marc is teaching his son to shoot a basketball. Initially, Marc lowers the backboard and uses a smaller ball in order to make it more likely that his son will correctly shoot the ball. This is an example of a(an) ______ prompt.
- Aresponse
- Bwithin-stimulus
- Cextra-stimulus
- DB and C
20Which of the following is NOT true concerning sensory extinction?
- Ait is used when the reinforcer for the behavior is social
- Bit is used when the reinforcer involves sensory stimulation
- Cit involves changing or eliminating sensory stimulation
- Dit has been used with children with autism and developmental disabilities
21Which functional Assessment method is vulnerable to memory effects?
- AIndirect Assessment
- BDirect Observation Assessment
- CFunctional Analysis
- DQuestionnaire assessment
- EBoth A and D
22If I gradually reinforce my little child for better use of language I no longer reinforce earlier versions of words, I am doing _______.
- AExtinguished shaping.
- BQuantitative shaping.
- CApproximal shaping.
- DQualitative shaping.
23Which of the following statements is false?
- AMark Durand (it is one r) is a leading researcher at USF who specializes in DRC.
- BFixed interval DRO is also referred to as a lazy person DRO because the behavior is only checked at the end of the interval
- CFull session DRL works much more quickly than Interval DRL.
- DBoth B and C are false.
- EAll of the statements are false.
24Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using behavioral skills training in a group?
- Awatch other members rehearse and receive feedback
- Breceive reinforcement from other group members
- Creceive individual attention from the trainer
- Denhanced generalization
- Ecost effectiveness and time efficiency
25I'm using Behavioral Skills Training to teach a young child to tie her sneakers. When I give her instructions, I start by saying, "Can you start by grabbing each lace?" Which key point about making instructions more likely to succeed did I mess up?
- AI did not start with the last step in the chain of behaviors.
- BI did not give the instructions as a mild commands.
- CI did not reinforce her first for getting her hands closer to the laces.
- DI did not program for success.
26An anxious adult wants to reduce his anxiety. He tries reading books about anxiety, talking to friends about anxiety, and he tries going for 2 mile runs by himself. Over time, he notices that he mostly goes for runs when he feels anxious and he is wondering why. A friend suggests to him that his behavior of running appears to be reinforced. Assuming the friend is correct, this is an example of:
- Asocial negative reinforcement
- Bautomatic positive reinforcement
- Csocial positive reinforcement
- Dautomatic negative reinforcement
27You remember long ago that your dog Pluto used to give you this cute look while sitting by your feet during dinner. How adorable!!! Of course you threw Pluto some table scraps. Next you know, he's there doing the "look" at every meal. Getting tired of the look and not always wanting to share your food with the dog. You stop tossing Pluto table scraps. Well, next you know, his face is in your lap... that's cute - here, have some table scraps... an entire process ensues of you sometimes giving scraps and sometimes not... suddenly you have an annoying dog with advanced begging behavior... Sounds like the result of ___________.
- Ainferential reinforcement.
- Bbehavioral chaining.
- Cshaping.
- Dprompting.
28Andrea wants to start eating a healthier diet, but she is having problems because she likes to eat junk food while studying. Andrew starts eating regular meals so that she is never hungry and less likely to want junk food. Eating regular meals in order to make junk food less desirable is an example of __________ for competing behaviors.
- Aarranging an establishing operation.
- Bpresenting an abolishing operation
- Cincreasing response effort
- Dremoving the discriminative stimulus
29A teacher is working with a student to help him improve his public speaking skills. The teacher has the student practice his speech in the room where he will be giving it to the rest of the class. Which strategy for promoting generalization utilizes some aspect of the target situation during training?
- Ateaching a range of functionally equivalent responses
- Bincorporating self-generated mediators of generalization
- Cincorporating common stimuli
- Dmodifying natural contingencies of reinforcement and punishment
30A teacher wants to teach fire safety skills. What should the teacher do immediately after telling the students what to do when there is a fire and showing them what to do in a fire situation?
- Adiscuss the behaviors further
- Bprovide the opportunity to rehearse the skills in a simulated fire situation
- Cask them what they would do in a fire situation
- Dask them what they would do in a fire situation and provide feedback for their answers
31What is the first thing you should do right after applying extinction?
- AUse differential reinforcement.
- BTake steps to promote generalization and maintenance.
- CPunish any spontaneous recovery.
- DConduct a functional assessment.
32Mary frequently blurts out answers to questions without waiting to be called on because she likes attention from the teacher. When Mary raises her hand, the teacher calls on her, but when Mary blurts out an answer the teacher ignores her and calls on another student. As a result, Mary's behavior of raising her hand increases, and her behavior of blurting out answers decreases. The teacher used ________ for Mary's behavior of raising her hand and ____________ for her behavior of blurting out answers.
- Areinforcement ; extinction
- Breinforcement ; punishment
- Cextinction ; punishment
- Dextinction ; reinforcement
33Other names for Antecedent Control Procedures are ______________ ____________ procedures, Situational ____________ or ________ Management.
- AStimulus Control, Inducement, Environmental
- BShaping Chaining, Initiation, Precursor
- CStimulus Control, Initiation, Probability
- DRespondent Conditioning, Prompting, Environmental
34Clarity DRO vs. Spaced Responding DRL:
- AFor both, intervals are used to eliminate behavior.
- BFor both, no behavior can occur during the interval .
- CFor both, there is emphasis on reinforcing "other" behavior.
- DDRO is a type of DRA while DRL is a type of DRC.
35Which strategy for promoting generalization involves teaching skills that will lead to reinforcement in relevant situations in the natural environment?
- Aincorporating a variety of relevant stimulus situations in training
- Btraining skills that contact natural contingencies
- Creinforcing occurrences of generalization
- Dincorporating common stimuli
36In order to teach a child to interact in an appropriate way with other children, a psychologist involves other children in the training sessions. Which strategy for promoting generalization utilizes some aspect of the target situation in training?
- Aincorporating common stimuli
- Bincorporating a variety of relevant stimulus situations in training
- Cteaching a rage of functionally equivalent responses
- Dtraining skills that contact natural contingencies of reinforcement
37A psychologist is helping a student improve his social skills. After instructing him on how to carry on a conversation with other students, the psychologist had the student practice. Practicing the behavior after receiving instructions is referred to as:
- Amodeling
- Bfeedback
- Crehearsal
- Dtesting
38Extinction should only be implemented when:
- Ait is unsafe to eliminate the reinforcer
- Bpunishment has been ineffective
- Cthe change agent controls the reinforcer
- Dall of these
39Which of the following is necessary when conducting a task analysis?
- Aidentify all responses necessary to perform the task
- Bidentify the discriminative stimulus associated with teach behavior
- Clist the individual component behaviors in the proper sequence
- Dall of these
40Which of the following is a self generated mediator of generalization?
- ABaseball player Nomar Garciaparra's ritual in the batter's box before hitting.
- BInstructions you say to yourself before doing a behavior.
- CMichael Jordan's North Carolina shorts.
- DUsing the #2 pencil you take notes with in class on the Behavior Mod midterm.
- EAll of the above.
41Chaining is the right procedure if we have
- Aa can't do issue.
- Ba situation where we want someone to learn a new behavior.
- Ca won't due issue.
- Da situation where we want someone to be compliant.
- EA and B.
42Every time Mary uses her DVR to record a television show, she verbally recites each step the she must go through in order to program the DVR. Mary is using:
- Aself-generated stimulus prompts
- Bself-instructions
- Ctotal task presentation
- DA and B
43When addressing problem behaviors, the focus on treatment should be on working to develop and increase appropriate functionally equivalent alternative behaviors as replacements for the problem behavior. This approach is known as the. . .
- AReplacement approach
- BConstructional approach
- CFunctional equivalence approach
- DPositive behaviors approach
44Dr. Karver's watch starts beeping - beep, beep, beep... What does this mean?
- AAutomatic positive reinforcement for Maxy standing up.
- BDRI for Richard Parker eating Masaman Curry.
- CResponse prompt to take out the garbage.
- DExtra stimulus prompt to take out the garbage.
45Which of the following is(are) true concerning the component of modeling?
- Athe learner must have an imitative repertoire
- Bit is usually sufficient to produce long term change
- Cit may be live or symbolic
- DA and C
46The components of the behavioral skills training procedure are generally used:
- Atogether in a training session
- Bwith individuals who have severely limited abilities
- Cindividually to teach different behaviors
- DA and B
47When a student uses flash cards with questions on one side and answers on the other side to study for a test, it is an example of a(an) ______ prompt.
- Awithin-stimulus
- Bextra-stimulus
- Cphysical
- Dresponse
48The strategy of modifying natural contingencies of reinforcement and punishment is used when:
- Ait is possible to reinforce instances of generalization
- Binstances of generalization can be punished
- Cthere are no existing natural contingencies to promote generalization
- Dthe behavior will be naturally reinforced in relevant situations
49Tommy's parents used extinction to decrease his behavior of crying when he had to eat vegetables by making him eat them despite his crying. When Tommy is going to be with his grandparents or a babysitter, his parents tell them to make sure Tommy eats his vegetables even if he cries. Which consideration in the use of extinction is being addressed?
- Aeliminating a positive reinforcer
- Bmaintaining consistency
- Cwhether it is safe to use extinction
- Dability to tolerate an extinction burst
50Which method of prompting and fading is used when it is believed the learner does not need a physical prompt to engage in the correct behavior?
- Aprimary
- Bleast-to-most
- Cmost-to-least
- Dsecondary
51Strategies for promoting generalization of behavior change that involve arranging stimulus situations during training include:
- Aincorporating a variety of relevant stimulus situations
- Breinforcing occurrences of behavior
- Cincorporating common stimuli
- DA and C
52A researcher is teaching an adult with developmental disabilities how to stuff brochures into envelopes. The researcher teaches the entire behavioral chain as a single unit, and the individual completes the entire task on every learning trial. Which chaining procedure is the researcher using?
- Abackward chaining
- Bforward chaining
- Ctotal task presentation
- Dprimary chaining
53I hope you remember Dr. Karver's homwork... so... where are mirror neurons located?
- ASupplementary Motor Area and Primary Somatosensory Cortex
- BInferior Parietal Cortex and Premotor Cortex
- COccipital Lobe and Temporal Lobe.
- DA & B.
- EAll of the above.
54Which of the following is recorded when using direct observation methods to conduct a functional assessment?
- Abehaviors
- Bconsequences
- Cantecedents
- Dall of these
55Which do I need to do before implementing an Antecedent Control Procedure?
- ADetermine which SD's and EO's can be manipulated
- BIdentify antecedents and consequences of target and competing behaviors
- CIdentify and define behavior
- DAll of the above
56Which of the following is an essential feature of a functional analysis?
- Aaccurate recording of behavior in the experimental conditions
- Bmanipulating antecedents and consequences while holding other variables constant
- Crepeating experimental conditions to demonstrate experimental control over behavior
- Dall of these
57Which of the following is referred to as a descriptive assessment, due to the fact that antecedents and consequences are described rather than manipulated?
- Aindirect methods
- Bdirect observation
- Cexperimental analysis
- DA and B
58In class, I told a story about students staring out the window watching the recess soccer game. The teacher decided the next day to pull down the shades right before the other class went out for recess. What procedure that we talked about in class was the teacher using?
- ANegative Reinforcement
- BNegative Punishment
- CPositive Punishment
- DPresenting an Abolishing Operation
59In the steps of functional assessment, Brittany said that we check if treatment was done correctly. She said this is called checking ______________.
- Aeffectiveness.
- Breliability.
- Cfidelity.
- Dthe function of behavior.
60Verbal, gestural, modeling, and physical guidance prompts are all ________.
- Astimulus prompts
- Brespopnse prompts
- Csupplemental stimuli
- DB and C
- EAll of the above
61Kirin just got a new Kitten (Peanut), and his Dad is going to use a chaining procedure to tech Kirin all the steps inolved in feeding the kitten. If his Dad teaches him the last behavior in the chain first and then teaches him each previous behavior he would be using:
- Aforward chaining
- Btotal task presentation
- Cbackward chaining
- DB and C
62If the parents have not allowed the child to run from the table to escape the nasty veggies (which he used to be able to get away with), the parents are attempting to use ______.
- Aescape extinction
- Bnegative punishment
- Cfunctional extinction
- Dnonaversive punishment
63Which method of ABC obervation is typically used after the behavior, antecedents, and consequences have already been identified?
- Achecklist method
- Bdescriptive method
- Cinterval recording method
- DA and C
64Which is the only procedure where reinforcement is delivered right after the behavior?
- AInterval DRL.
- BSpaced responding DRL.
- CWhole session DRL.
- DMomentary DRO
65What should be the first step when using behavior modification procedures to decrease a behavior?
- Achoosing reinforcers for the desired behavior.
- Bchoosing punishers for the problem behavior
- Cconducting a functional assessment
- Dconducting a task analysis
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Sin título, creado por ouellette el 08/12/2014.
- Autor
- ouellette
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 2
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