Test
Qualitative methods
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Preguntas del test (51)
1Content analysis uses which of the below methods?
- ACounting
- BClassifying
- CRecording
- DAll of these
2What sort of research is coding appropriate for?
- AQuantitative
- BQualitative
- CQuantitative and Qualitative
- DNone of these.
3Which one of the following statements is true of content analysis?
- AContent analysis is a method commonly used in communication research to classify or categorise media content.
- BContent analysis is a method commonly used in quantitative research to categorise the sex of participants.
- CContent analysis is a method commonly used in psychological research to aid data entry.
- DContent analysis is a method commonly used in qualitative research to aid data collection.
4What type of coding would this multiple choice question produce?
- AResearcher imposed coding.
- BPre-coded.
- CCoding emerging from the data.
- DQualitative coding.
5In which one of the below circumstances could pre-coding be used?
- AResearcher administered questionnaires.
- BSelf-completion questionnaires.
- CObservational studies.
- DAll of these.
6What is the purpose of a coding manual?
- ATo detail the structure of the questionnaire, how data should be collected, what themes are expected to emerge and how missing data should be entered.
- BTo simply instruct the coder how to enter data.
- CTo provide a method by which the researcher interrogates the data to decide what categories the data fit.
- DTo detail how coding decisions are to be made, what categories are, how categories are defined, and sometimes give examples of the sorts of data that fit into each category.
7The coding schedule and manual provide a comprehensive guide to the coding of data. As such they are not usually subject to alterations and revisions.
- ATRUE
- BFALSE
8The primary aim of ______ is to give structure to data in the form of categories which can then be analysed.
- Astatistics analysis
- Bpilot studies.
- Ccoding
- Dself-completion questionnaires
9Which one of the below is true of pre-coding?
- APre-coding lends its self to qualitative data analysis.
- BPre-coding is only employed when self-completion questionnaires are used.
- CPre-coding provides rich and detailed data.
- DThe data collected are limited by the nature of the categories created by the researcher.
10Which is the odd one out? Modern qualitative research can generally involve a detailed study of:
- Apsychological characteristics of interesting individuals.
- Bmedia content.
- Cconversational exchanges between people and interviews.
- Dtext.
11Qualitative research methods can be thought of as:
- Aa stark alternative to quantitative research.
- Bparallel with the physical sciences.
- Ca preliminary stage in the research which can contribute to the development of adequate quantification.
- Dmethods used to search for the nature of reality.
12What term dominates the qualitative-quantitative debate?
- APositivism
- BMetaphysics
- CTheism
- DCritical realism
13What is positivism?
- APositivism is a philosophical position on how we go about obtaining knowledge.
- BPositivism holds that knowledge is grounded in religion.
- CPositivism refers to knowledge about the nature of our being in the world as revealed through theoretical philosophizing.
- DPositivism refers to statistics and statistical analysis.
14Which of the following statements about the qualitative-quantitative debate is incorrect?
- AIt became equated with relatively crude and quantified methods.
- BPositivism stresses the importance of observable and observed facts in the accumulation of knowledge.
- CPositivism applies to quantitative methods.
- DQualitative researchers often fail to recognise positivism as the epistemological basis of their work.
15Which of the following is not a source of data which is appropriate for qualitative study?
- ABiographies.
- BHistorical records.
- CExperiments.
- DParticipant observations.
16Deciding what data is best for your research analysis depends upon which of the following?
- AThe nature of the participants.
- BThe researcher's personal preferences.
- CThe research question.
- DAll of these.
17One major characteristic of participant observation is:
- Abeing immersed in a social setting.
- Ba diverse situation with limited common strategy used between researchers.
- Crichness of data.
- Dlike day-time television discussion where groups debate issues amongst themselves.
18Which of these is an important dimension that identifies different forms of participant observation?
- AThe participant's knowledge of the observations are either overt or covert.
- BExplanation to participants as to the purpose of the research can be given in full, partial, not at all, or is misleading.
- CSome observers are outside of the group, others are full members in the group.
- DAll of these.
19Which of the following is incorrect? In producing an interview guide for interviewing a group of sex offenders what will the researcher consider?
- AModifying the interview guide as issues are highlighted and more interviews conducted.
- BUsing the same language for all the participants.
- CNot just incorporating questions which relate to theory but basic demographic questions too.
- DStructuring the interview guide in a sensible order.
20Which is the odd one out? In-depth interviews place a lot of responsibility on the interviewer in terms of:
- Athe questioning process.
- Bdealing with the emotions of the participant.
- Censuring that all the issues are covered in great detail.
- Dpreventing the participant from drifting onto other topics.
21What is the important practical consideration for researchers conducting interviews?
- AThe number of researchers carrying out the interview.
- BThe setting of the interview in terms of locality, privacy, etc.
- CThe equipment being used.
- DAll of these are considerations.
22What is the aim of grounded-theory analysis techniques?
- ATo ensure that researchers enter into intimate contact with their data and bring into juxtaposition different aspects of the data.
- BTo ensure that researchers produce results that are inline with current theory.
- CTo ensure that researchers enter into intimate contact with their data and bring it inline with current theory.
- DTo ensure that researchers report accurately trends in the data and different aspects of the data.
23Grounded-theory analysis is an example of the hypothetico-deductive method.
- ATrue
- BFalse
24According to the grounded-theory approach, in what way might theories be tested effectively?
- ABy the fit between the categories and the data and by applying the categories to new data.
- BBy applying the developed categories to new data and statistically examining the fit.
- CBy the closeness of the fit between the categories and the data and by the closeness of fit between the categories and new data.
- DNone of these.
25Which of the below data sources is most appropriate for grounded-theory analysis?
- ASelf-reported questionnaires
- BAn unstructured focus group transcription
- CA structured interview
- DAll of these
26What is the advantage of using a computer package when conducting grounded-heory analysis?
- AData can be searched and codes automatically applied line by line.
- BIt is a more precise and reliable method of analyzing data.
- CIt allows for categories to be quickly re-coded and searched.
- DAll of these.
27At what stage is the literature review completed when doing grounded-theory analysis?
- ALastly, in order to prevent analysis becoming theory driven.
- BAt the beginning of the research process in order to aid the formulation of ideas and hypotheses.
- CAfter coding but before categorization, to aid the labeling of categories.
- DAfter data collection, but before coding, to aid the coding process.
28Thematic Analysis is:
- Aa useful method of quantification.
- Bnot a method used by psychologists at all.
- Crelatively accessible to novices because its theoretical foundations are not great.
- Dalways the best choice for analysing text.
29A common error when reporting Thematic Analysis is:
- Ato give far too little detail about how it was carried out.
- Bto provide so much detail about the analysis that it confuses the reader.
- Cto identify too many themes.
- Dto mislabel the themes.
30Thematic Analysis is:
- Ais a variety of Conversation Analysis.
- Bdoes not aim to generate theory in the way that Grounded Theory does.
- Cvery different from Grounded Theory.
- Dhas a great deal in common with Grounded Theory.
31The following is not a concept used in Thematic Analysis:
- Atheme definition.
- Badjacency pairs.
- Ctheme labeling.
- Dinitial coding.
32Thematic Analysis may be:
- ADichotomy led
- Bhypothesis led
- Crandomly generated
- Ddata led
33Initial Codings are:
- Ause letters as symbols for predetermined coding categories.
- Bthe result of combining different paragraphs.
- Cagreed between the researchers prior to collecting data.
- Dvery closely linked to the text they are based on.
34Themes are developed by:
- Alinking codings together and labeling the theme.
- Bcombining a minimum of five sub-themes.
- Cseeing which words occur most often.
- Dseveral researchers combining their analytic effort.
35Themes:
- ANone of these
- Blink similar paragraphs together.
- Clink similar words together.
- Dlink similar participants together.
36Thematic Analysis usually:
- Aemploys literal transcription of the data.
- Bemploys no transcription and works directly from recordings.
- Cuses both literal transcription and Jefferson Coding at the same time.
- Duses aspects of Jefferson Coding.
37In Braun and Clarke's approach to Thematic Analysis, it beings with:
- Adata familiarisation.
- Btheme generation.
- Ctheme definition and labeling.
- Dreport writing.
38Ways of developing themes in Thematic Analysis include:
- Ausing themes generated in previous studies.
- Busing a NVivo to automatically carry out the analysis for you.
- Cputting the initial codings on cards that may be moved around to form piles of similar codings.
- Dall of these.
39Which of the below statements is true of discourse analysis?
- ADiscourse is how language operates in real life communicative events.
- BDiscourse could be found in interview data.
- CDiscourse is language at a level which is broader than a sentence.
- DAll of these.
40Spot the false statement out of the four below.
- ADiscourse analysis can be used to analyse anything from newspaper to a clothes catalogue.
- BDiscourse analysis does not treat language as if it were representational.
- CLanguage is seen as socially situated in Discourse Analysis.
- DDiscourse Analysis is built on the idea that truth and reality are identifiable through research.
41Identify the correct list of the four maxims of co-operative speech as suggested by Grice (1975) for discourse analysis
- ATruthful and sincere contributions, the provision of sufficient information, making contributions brief, clear and orderly, and making contributions relevant.
- BTruthful and sincere contributions, the provision of sufficient information, making the communication in the correct medium, and making contributions relevant.
- CTruthful and sincere contributions, the provision of sufficient information, making contributions brief, clear and orderly, and making contributions in a friendly manner.
- DMeaningful contributions, the provision of sufficient information, making contributions brief, clear and orderly, and making contributions relevant.
42Which of the below examples demonstrates the concept of register in discourse analysis:
- AComparing how the language style changes across time e.g. style in a morning versus style in an evening.
- BComparing how the language style changes across activities, e.g. talking to parents versus talking with friends.
- CComparing how the language style changes across different emotions e.g. happy versus excited.
- DComparing how the language style changes across the topics being discussed e.g. talking about a holiday versus talking about work
43In discourse analysis, the leading article in a popular magazine has the title "Battling the bulge for the summer". What strategy does this illustrate?
- AInterpretive repertoire.
- BDiscourse strategy.
- CCategorisation strategy.
- DNone of these. The example is not open to discourse analysis.
44Forms of discourse such as talk and written material are the most important site of psychological phenomena. What are discourse analysts looking for/at in this data?
- AThey would be looking at practices, and resources used, construction, description, rhetoric, stake and accountability.
- BThey would be looking at practices, and resources used, and processes which may demonstrate attitudes and underlying psychological mechanisms.
- CThey would be only looking for practices, and resources used.
- DThey would be looking at practices, and resources used, underlying psychological mechanisms, rhetoric, stake and accountability.
45Complete this sentence. Critical discourse analysis:
- Ais concerned with which structures, strategies and properties of talk and text are used in discourse analysis. It studies examples of these in published discourse analytic studies.
- Bis concerned with power and social inequality in the interpretation of discourse, it studies the way in which power is attained and maintained through language.
- Cis concerned with the critical analysis of prior discourse analyses. It studies the trends in discourse analyses and the power of the researcher.
- Dis a meta-analytic technique for discourse analysis. It studies the reliability and validity of previous discourse analyses, and looks for trends in the examples given.
46The fundamental aim of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis is:
- Alearn what peoples experiences of, say, ill-health are in order to make sense of them.
- Bunderstand how people talk about their experiences.
- Cunderstand turn-taking in conversations about experiences.
- Dmodify peoples distored beliefs which contribute to their bad feelings about themselves.
47Which of the following is not recommended for interviewing in IPA:
- Athe use of neutral questions.
- Bthe use of jargon-free language.
- Cthe use of open questions.
- Dthe use of provocative opinions to elicit vigorous responses.
48Which of the following is unlikely to be the subject matter of IPA:
- Apatients suffering from chronic pain.
- Bwhat the manic phase of bipolar illness feels like.
- Cwhether susceptibility to pain is related to having migraines.
- Dthe experience of mothers suffering 'baby blues'.
49The major source of data for IPA is:
- Aautobiographies.
- Bsurveys.
- Csemi-structured interviews.
- Dthe internet.
50Which of the follow is characteristic of IPA?
- AThe identification of themes.
- BAttempting to take the participant's perspective.
- CThe production of a table of themes.
- DAll of these.
51It is claimed that sample sizes for IPA:
- Ait is difficult to find the right sort of people to participate in the research.
- Bare small because there is little variety in what people say in most interviews.
- Care small because interviewing and transcription take up a great deal of time.
- Dthis keeps the number of themes down to manageable proportions.
Información
- Descripción
- DPsych (7. Qualitative methods) Research MCQ Test sobre Qualitative methods, creado por William Barber el 03/02/2021.
- Autor
- William Barber
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 2
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
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