chapter 10

1. 1Which vitamin is part of the coenzyme A that forms acetyl coA and is also involved in the synthesis of lipids, neurotransmitters, steroid hormones, and hemoglobin?

   1. Apantothenic acid
   2. BBiotin
   3. CB6
   4. DB12
2. 2Biotin helps with energy metabolism by carrying (blank) to pyruvate to form (blank), which is needed to keep the TCA cycle turning.

   1. Agluconeogenesis; acetyl coA; acetaldehyde
   2. Bactivated co2; oxaloacetate;
   3. Coxaloacetate; PLP; homocysteine
   4. Dgluconeogenesis; activated co2; methionine
3. 3Pantothenic acid is a part of the coenzyme A that forms [blank_start]acetyl-coA,[blank_end] which is a key component in metabolic pathways.
   Vitamin B6 coenzyme, [blank_start]PLP[blank_end], helps with the conversion of tryptophan to niacin to [blank_start]serotonin[blank_end].
   Biotin carries activated co2 to [blank_start]pyruvate[blank_end], to form oxaloacetate which is needed to keep the TCA cycle turning.
   [blank_start]Vitamin B6[blank_end] also helps make red blood cells.
   Biotin's coenzymes also participate in the synthesis of fatty acid, the breakdown of fatty and amino acid, gluconeogenesis.
   
   [blank_start]Pantothenic acid[blank_end] is involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones, hemoglobin, lipids, and neurotransmitters.
   

   1. APLP
   2. Bserotonin
   3. Cpyruvate
   4. DVitamin B6
   5. EPantothenic acid
   6. Facetyl-coA,
4. 4[blank_start]Thiamin[blank_end] is the vitamin part of the coenzyme, TPP, which assists in the energy metabolism. The TPP coenzyme assists in the conversion of pyruvate to [blank_start]acetyl COA.[blank_end]
   

   1. AThiamin
   2. Bacetyl COA.
5. 5Which of the following is true about vitamin B6?

   1. AIt is apart of the coenzyme, TPP.
   2. BIt helps cell multiply.
   3. CIt helps make red blood cells.
   4. DIt’s part of the coenzyme A that forms acetyl coA.
   5. EIt’s coenzyme, PLP, helps convert tryptophan to niacin to serotonin.
6. 6BeriBeri is a condition that occurs in people who are deficient in [blank_start]thiamine[blank_end].
   

   1. Athiamine
7. 7Wet BeriBeri causes damage to the [blank_start]cardiovascular system[blank_end] and is characterized by [blank_start]dilated blood vessels[blank_end], which causes the heart to overwork and the kidneys to retain salt and water, resulting in [blank_start]edema[blank_end].
   

   1. Acardiovascular system
   2. Bdilated blood vessels
   3. Cedema
8. 8During energy metabolism, the 2 coenzyme forms of [blank_start]riboflavin[blank_end], FAD and FMN donate 2 hydrogen and then during energy metabolism. FAD will pick up two hydrogen from the TCA cycle, becoming FADH2. FADH2 delivers the hydrogen to the electron transport chain.
   

   1. Ariboflavin
9. 9Inflammation of the membranes of the mouth, skin, eyes and GI tract are symptoms of which vitamin deficiency?
   

   1. ARiboflavin
   2. BBiotin
   3. CVitamin C
   4. DVitamin B6
10. 10The coenzyme forms of niacin, [blank_start]NAD[blank_end] and [blank_start]NADP[blank_end] are essential to energy transfer actions, especially the metabolism of [blank_start]glucose[blank_end], [blank_start]fat[blank_end], and [blank_start]alcohol[blank_end].
    

    1. ANAD
    2. BNADP
    3. Cglucose
    4. Dfat
    5. Ealcohol

11. 11Pellagra is the deficiency disease of which vitamin?

    1. ANiacin
    2. BVitamin C
    3. CBiotin
    4. DB12
12. 12Which vitamin deficiency disease is associated with the "4 deadly d's"?

    1. Athiamine
    2. Bb6
    3. Cb12
    4. Dniacin
13. 13During niacin toxicity, [blank_start]niacin flush[blank_end] will occur, which happens when nicotinic acid supplements are taken in doses [blank_start]three to four times[blank_end] the RDA; it causes [blank_start]dilated capillaries[blank_end] and a painful [blank_start]tingling[blank_end] feeling. [blank_start]Liver[blank_end] damage may also occur.

    1. Aniacin flush
    2. Bthree to four times
    3. Cdilated capillaries
    4. Dtingling
    5. ELiver
14. 14Alcohol abuse contributes to the destruction of vitamin [blank_start]B6[blank_end]. When the body breaks down alcohol, it produces acetaldehyde and if accumulated in the body, it dislodges the [blank_start]PLP[blank_end] coenzyme. Once loose, the coenzyme is broken down and is excreted, causing deficiency.
    

    1. AB6
    2. BPLP
15. 15Isoniazid is an drug used to treat tuberculosis.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
16. 16Folate’s primary coenzyme form, [blank_start]THF[blank_end], serves as part of an enzyme complex that transfers 1-carbon compound that arises during metabolism. This action converts vitamin [blank_start]B12[blank_end] to one of its [blank_start]coenzyme[blank_end] forms.

    1. ATHF
    2. BB12
    3. Ccoenzyme
17. 17Which vitamin synthesizes the DNA required for cells, and regenerates the amino acid methionine from homocysteine?
    

    1. APantothenic acid
    2. BB12
    3. CB6
    4. DFolate
18. 18The first symptom of folate deficiency is [blank_start]anemia[blank_end]

    1. Aanemia
19. 19The anemia of folate deficiency is known as [blank_start]macrocytic[blank_end] or [blank_start]megaloblastic[blank_end] anemia and is characterized by large, immature [blank_start]red blood cells[blank_end].
    

    1. Amacrocytic
    2. Bmegaloblastic
    3. Cred blood cells
20. 20Vitamin [blank_start]B12[blank_end] coenzymes are used in new cell synthesis.

    1. AB12
21. 21Vitamin B12 helps to maintain [blank_start]nerve[blank_end] cells, protects [blank_start]nerve fibers[blank_end] and bone cell activity, activates [blank_start]folate[blank_end], and break down some fatty acids and amino acids.
    

    1. Anerve
    2. Bnerve fibers
    3. Cfolate
22. 22[blank_start]Folate[blank_end] and Vitamin [blank_start]B12[blank_end] depend on each other for activation.

    1. AFolate
    2. BB12
23. 23The regeneration of the amino acid, methionine, and the synthesis of [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] and [blank_start]RNA[blank_end] depend on folate and B12.
    

    1. ADNA
    2. BRNA
24. 24Vitamin B12 deficiency is caused by inadequate absorption. This will occur due to a lack of [blank_start]hydrochloric[blank_end] [blank_start]acid[blank_end] or of [blank_start]intrinsic[blank_end] [blank_start]factor[blank_end], which can cause atrophic gastritis, which can lead to [blank_start]pernicious[blank_end] [blank_start]anemia[blank_end].

    1. Ahydrochloric
    2. Bacid
    3. Cintrinsic
    4. Dfactor
    5. Epernicious
    6. Fanemia
25. 25Antioxidants defend against [blank_start]free[blank_end] [blank_start]radicals[blank_end], which are molecules that are [blank_start]unstable[blank_end] with 1 or more unpaired [blank_start]electrons[blank_end], which can do damage to our cells.

    1. Afree
    2. Bradicals
    3. Cunstable
    4. Delectrons
26. 26[blank_start]Scurvy[blank_end] is a vitamin C deficiency disease. Symptoms include bleeding [blank_start]gums[blank_end] and [blank_start]pinpoint[blank_end] hemorrhages, hysteria, and [blank_start]depression[blank_end].

    1. AScurvy
    2. Bpinpoint
    3. Cgums
    4. Ddepression
27. 27What is a precursor?

    1. AA conditionally essential vitamin
    2. BA sign or symptom of a vitamin deficiency disorder
    3. CA substance that is recycled through the liver and intestines
    4. DA substance that is used to synthesize another compound
28. 28All of the following are general characteristics of the fat-soluble vitamins except:

    1. Aexcesses are eliminated from the kidneys.
    2. Bthey can be stored in relatively large amounts in certain body tissues.
    3. Cabsorption is via the lymphatic circulation.
    4. Dseveral of them require protein carriers for transport.
29. 29What is the primary excretory route for the water-soluble vitamins?
    

    1. APerspiration
    2. BKidneys
    3. Cbile
    4. DSmall intestine
30. 30When thiamin is consumed in excess of needs, how does the body treat the excess?
    

    1. AStored in liver, bone, and adipose tissue
    2. BExcreted primarily in the urine
    3. CExcreted primarily in the feces
    4. DNot absorbed
31. 31What is a chief function of the B vitamins?

    1. AAnticoagulation
    2. BAntioxidation
    3. CCoenzyme participation
    4. DAntibody stabilization
32. 32 Which of the following explains why B vitamin deficiencies lead to lack of energy?
    

    1. ACoenzymes needed for energy metabolism are produced in insufficient amounts
    2. BAbsorption of carbohydrates and fats is decreased
    3. COxygen for energy metabolism cannot be transported to the cells
    4. DB vitamins are a source of kilocalories
33. 33 Which of the following describes the basic function of a coenzyme?
    

    1. AAttaches to RNA to assist in the synthesis of an enzyme
    2. BAttaches to cell membranes to assist in uptake of an enzyme
    3. CAttaches to an enzyme, which allows for transport of the enzyme through the circulation
    4. DAttaches to an enzyme and allows a chemical reaction to take place
34. 34Which of the following functions has a requirement for thiamin?

    1. ABlood coagulation
    2. BFormation of epithelial cell mucopolysaccharides
    3. CEnergy release from energy-yielding nutrients
    4. DFormation of red blood cells
35. 35 What is the primary chemical reaction in which thiamin participates as a coenzyme?
    
    

    1. ATransfers amine groups in the synthesis of amino acids
    2. BTransfers hydrogen atoms in the synthesis of erythrocytes
    3. CAssists in addition of methyl groups to compounds involved in energy metabolism
    4. DAssists in removal of one-carbon units from compounds involved in energy metabolism
36. 36Which of the following is the coenzyme form of thiamin?
    

    1. AThiaminacide
    2. BThiamin adenine dinucleotide
    3. CThiamin flavin mononucleotide
    4. DThiamin pyrophosphate
37. 37Beriberi results from a deficiency of [blank_start]thiamin[blank_end].
    

    1. Athiamin
38. 38Which of the following diets is most likely to lead to beriberi?

    1. AHigh intakes of white rice
    2. BLow intakes of whole grains
    3. CHigh intakes of unrefined rice
    4. DLow intakes of enriched grains
39. 39Which of the following is a characteristic of thiamin nutrition?
    

    1. AThe coenzyme contains pyrosulfate
    2. BIt is required for regeneration of folate
    3. CIt is required for regeneration of niacin
    4. DIt is an integral part of the nerve cell membrane
40. 40Riboflavin in its coenzyme form functions in the transfer of
    
    

    1. Ahydrogen atoms
    2. B2 carbon units
    3. Ci cabron units
    4. Dmethyl groups
41. 41Which of the following is indicative of a dietary deficiency of riboflavin?
    

    1. ABeriberi
    2. Bdiarrhea
    3. Cinflamed mouth membranes
42. 42The coenzyme FAD is formed from what vitamin?

    1. ANiacin
    2. BCholine
    3. CThiamin
    4. DRiboflavin
43. 43[blank_start]Pellagra[blank_end] is a vitamin deficiency disease that appears in people who had subsisted on a diet high in corn and low in protein.

    1. APellagra
44. 44[blank_start]Pantothenic acid[blank_end] is the vitamin that forms a part of coenzyme A.
    

    1. APantothenic acid
45. 45What vitamin is involved intensively in amino acid metabolism?
    

    1. ABiotin
    2. BVitamin A
    3. CVitamin B6
    4. DRiboflavin
46. 46A common drug for the treatment of tuberculosis is known to markedly interfere in the metabolism of vitamin [blank_start]B6[blank_end].
    

    1. AB6
47. 47How many dietary folate equivalents are provided by 100 µg of a folate supplement? [blank_start]170[blank_end]

    1. A170
48. 48What vitamin is involved mainly with the replacement of red blood cells and digestive tract cells?
    

    1. AFolate
    2. BNiacin
    3. CThiamin
    4. DRiboflavin
49. 49Which of the following is required for the absorption of dietary vitamin B12?
    

    1. ABile
    2. BLipase
    3. CIntrinsic factor
    4. DCarboxypeptidase
50. 50 What is the function of intrinsic factor in vitamin B12absorption?
    
    

    1. AIt catalyzes release of the vitamin from its protein-bound form
    2. BIt attaches to the vitamin, thereby allowing absorption from the intestines
    3. CIt acts as a storage protein for the vitamin within the intestinal epithelial cells
    4. DIt acts as a cofactor for mucosal enzymes involved in absorption of the vitamin
51. 51 All of the following are required for efficient dietary absorption of vitamin B12 except
    

    1. Apepsin.
    2. Bintrinsic factor.
    3. Chydrochloric acid.
    4. Dmucosal cobalaminase.
52. 52What is the most likely reason for the development of a vitamin B12 deficiency?
    

    1. AInadequate intake
    2. BIncreased excretion
    3. CInadequate absorption
    4. DIncreased losses in food preparation
53. 53Pernicious anemia results from a deficiency of
    

    1. Afolate.
    2. Bselenium.
    3. Cvitamin B12.
    4. Diron and copper.
54. 54The absorption of which of the following vitamins is most affected by the disorder atrophic gastritis?
    

    1. ACholine
    2. BVitamin C
    3. CVitamin B12
    4. DPantothenic acid
55. 55Which of the following characteristics is shared by vitamins B6, B12, C and folate?
    

    1. ARequired for glycolysis
    2. BConsumption prevents anemia
    3. CRequired in microgram quantities
    4. DFound in citrus products and legumes
56. 56 In what capacity does vitamin C function?

    1. ACoenzyme for energy release
    2. BCofactor in collagen formation
    3. CCofactor with calcium in blood coagulation
    4. DCoenzyme in the formation of red blood cells

Descripción

Test sobre chapter 10, creado por Allie Bradshaw el 11/11/2022.

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Allie Bradshaw

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