Biology Chapter 1 Test Review

Biology is the [blank_start]study[blank_end] of [blank_start]living[blank_end] things

An organism is an individual [blank_start]living[blank_end] thing.

A habitat is a [blank_start]region[blank_end] where a particular organism normally [blank_start]lives[blank_end].

Botany is the study of [blank_start]plants[blank_end]

Zoology is the study of [blank_start]animals[blank_end].

A [blank_start]woody[blank_end] plant is a plant that produces wood.

A herbaceous plant is a [blank_start]non-woody[blank_end] plant.

An angiosperm is a plant with [blank_start]flowers[blank_end] that produce seeds covered with [blank_start]fruit[blank_end].

A [blank_start]disk[blank_end] flower is one of the flowers in the center of a composite flower head. A [blank_start]ray[blank_end] flower is one of the petal-like flowers arranged around the outer edge of a composite flower head.

A legume is a plant of the [blank_start]pea[blank_end] family.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria grow on the [blank_start]roots[blank_end] of legumes and convert nitrogen in the [blank_start]air[blank_end] into ammonia and nitrates. Denitrifying bacteria is bacteria in the [blank_start]soil[blank_end] that convert unused nitrates back into [blank_start]atmospheric[blank_end] nitrogen. Nitrifying bacteria is bacteria that provide nitrates to the soil from decomposing [blank_start]plants[blank_end] and [blank_start]animals[blank_end].

A [blank_start]dicot[blank_end] is a plant with two cotyledons per seed. These plants usually have flower petals that are arranged in groups of [blank_start]four[blank_end] or five. The leaves are usually [blank_start]broad[blank_end] and flat with branching veins. And they usually have a [blank_start]taproot[blank_end] system. A [blank_start]monocot[blank_end] is a plant with only one cotyledon per seed. These plants usually have flower petals that are arranged in groups of [blank_start]three[blank_end]. The leaves are usually long and [blank_start]narrow[blank_end] with parallel veins. And they usually have a [blank_start]fibrous[blank_end] root system.

[blank_start]Cereals[blank_end] are any of the types of grass used by man for food.

[blank_start]Forage[blank_end] grasses are any of the types of grass used to feed livestock. [blank_start]Turf[blank_end] grasses are any of the grasses used as coverings for lawns, athletic fields, golf courses and playgrounds.

Stolon are creeping special stems that grow [blank_start]above[blank_end] the ground and produce new [blank_start]plants[blank_end] wherever a node touches the [blank_start]soil[blank_end]. These are common in [blank_start]grass[blank_end] plants. They are also called [blank_start]runners[blank_end].

A [blank_start]sheath[blank_end] is the bottom portion of a grass leaf, which wraps partially around the stem.

[blank_start]Hardwood[blank_end] is another name for a broadleaf tree.

[blank_start]Deciduous[blank_end] describes a tree that loses its leaves each fall.

Botany is the study of living things.

Botany is the study of plants.

The three broad divisions of biology are:

The importance of plants:

How land plants may be grouped according to the size and type of stem:

What are the two main kinds of root systems? [blank_start]taproot[blank_end] system, [blank_start]fibrous[blank_end] root system

Three types of growing seasons in plants: [blank_start]annuals[blank_end], [blank_start]biennials[blank_end], and [blank_start]perennials[blank_end]

[blank_start]Annuals[blank_end] complete their entire life cycle in one growing season.

[blank_start]Biennials[blank_end] complete their life cycle in two growing seasons.

[blank_start]Perennials[blank_end] grow from year to year and bloom each season.

The three most important cereal crops:

The purpose of flowers is to help plants [blank_start]reproduce[blank_end] after their kind by forming fruits with [blank_start]seeds[blank_end].

The purpose of leaves is to manufacture [blank_start]food[blank_end] for the plant through [blank_start]photosynthesis[blank_end].

The purpose of stems is to [blank_start]hold[blank_end] [blank_start]up[blank_end] the plant's leaves and flowers.

The purpose of roots is to [blank_start]anchor[blank_end] the plant to the soil absorb [blank_start]water[blank_end] and [blank_start]minerals[blank_end], and to store [blank_start]food[blank_end].

Which group of North American trees are known for distinctive fruits called samaras? [blank_start]Maples[blank_end]

The nitrogen cycle is important because both [blank_start]plants[blank_end] and [blank_start]animals[blank_end] require nitrogen for survival. Plants use the nitrogen to form [blank_start]proteins[blank_end]. Animals and man need the proteins that come from the [blank_start]plants[blank_end].

Four characteristics of monocots:

In what ways are grasses important to man? Grasses provide much of the world's [blank_start]food[blank_end] for both animals and man. Grasses also help prevent [blank_start]soil[blank_end] [blank_start]erosion[blank_end].

Deciduous trees [blank_start]lose[blank_end] their leaves and remain [blank_start]bare[blank_end] in the winter. Evergreen trees [blank_start]retain[blank_end] their leaves throughout the year.

A [blank_start]bract[blank_end] is a special leaf that looks like a flower petal. One example is on the dogwood tree.

A [blank_start]catkin[blank_end] is a long, tassel-like cluster formed by the flowers of some trees.

Check four characteristics of dicots.