7134476
Descripción
Test por Kimberly Lopez, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Kimberly Lopez
hace más de 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
An example of basic research
Respuesta
-
the study of the relationship between the amount of automobile emissions gases in the atmosphere and the decomposition of atmospheric ozone.
-
the design of new batteries for electric cars.
-
the study of the composition of the atom.
-
the development of new plastics that can be recycled.
-
the study of natural compounds in sea animals to look for new molecules that can be used for medicine.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which element has the atomic number 12?
Respuesta
-
Mg
-
Be
-
B
-
Na
-
C
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Would you use a physical model or a conceptual model to describe the following: a gold coin, dollar bill, car engine, air pollution, virus, spread of sexually transmitted disease?
Respuesta
-
You could adequately describe all of the topics by either model. The choice depends only on the characteristics requiring description.
-
physical model-gold coin, dollar bill, car engine; conceptual model-virus, air pollution, spread of sexually transmitted disease
-
conceptual model-gold coin, car engine, virus; physical model-air pollution, spread of sexually transmitted disease, dollar bill
-
physical model-gold coin, car engine, virus; conceptual model-air pollution, spread of sexually transmitted disease; dollar bill, which could represent wealth, may well be described by either model.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
The following statement describes which subatomic particle best?
It is a nucleon.
Respuesta
-
an electron
-
a proton
-
a neutron
-
A and B
-
B and C (a proton, a neutron)
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of the following elements are in the same period as magnesium (Mg)?
Respuesta
-
Ca
-
Cl
-
Sr
-
Mn
-
none of the above
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What are metalloids?
Respuesta
-
elements that have some properties like metals and some like nonmetals
-
elements that are smaller than metals
-
elements that have properties different than either the metals or the nonmetals
-
elements found in asteroids
-
elements that are larger than nonmetals
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of these is not a metal?
Respuesta
-
lithium (atomic no. = 3)
-
vanadium (atomic no. = 23)
-
gallium (atomic no. = 31)
-
selenium (atomic no. = 34)
-
potassium (atomic no. = 19)
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
If all the molecules of a body remained part of that body, would the body have any odor?
Respuesta
-
No, because it would no longer be what it was
-
No, because there would be no molecules traveling to our nose.
-
Yes, but only if that body is sweating.
-
Yes, because it would still release photons.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which of the following elements is a transition metal?
Respuesta
-
lead (Pb)
-
xenon (Xe)
-
silver (Ag)
-
lithium (Li)
-
chlorine (Cl)
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about electrons is true?
Respuesta
-
Electrons have a negative charge.
-
Electrons are particles.
-
Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy.
-
Electrons behave like waves.
-
all of the above
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
How many different elements are in the compound C6H12O6?
Respuesta
-
3
-
24
-
6
-
All of the elements are the same.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Classify the following changes as physical or chemical. Wood burns to ashes; water begins to boil; grass grows; a rock is crushed to powder.
Respuesta
-
physical; physical; chemical; physical
-
chemical; physical; chemical; chemical
-
chemical; physical; physical; physical
-
chemical; physical; chemical; physical
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
How many electrons are there in the third shell of sodium, Na (atomic number 11)?
Respuesta
-
none
-
one
-
two
-
three
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which of the following would be considered a chemical property?
Respuesta
-
melting temperature
-
reactivity towards water
-
boiling temperature
-
conductivity
-
flexibility
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which of the following is not a nonmetal?
Respuesta
-
sulfur (atomic no. = 16)
-
xenon (atomic no. = 54)
-
titanium (atomic no. = 22)
-
selenium (atomic no. = 34)
-
helium (atomic no. = 2)
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue. The beam of neutrons, however, is less harmful. Why?
Respuesta
-
Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the tissue.
-
Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage.
-
Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel.
-
All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is true about Bohr's planetary model of the atom?
Respuesta
-
The electrons smoothly move from one orbit to the next.
-
It is a physical model.
-
The electrons orbit around the nucleus.
-
The energy difference between the orbits is continuous.
-
none of the above
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The following statement describes which subatomic particle best?
It is located outside of the nucleus.
Respuesta
-
an electron
-
a proton
-
a neutron
-
A and B
-
B and C
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which of the following would be considered basic research?
Respuesta
-
testing a safe, nontoxic mouse glue
-
testing the strength of a mouse cage
-
examining how quickly a trapdoor closes
-
examining why a mouse likes cheddar cheese more than swiss cheese
-
studying ways of catching mice safely
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following is a property of light?
Respuesta
-
It is a particle.
-
Its energy comes in packets of uniform size.
-
It is a wave.
-
all of the above
-
none of the above
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What do the electron configurations for all the group 18 noble gases have in common?
Respuesta
-
They have the same number of electrons.
-
Their outermost occupied shells are filled to capacity.
-
They occupy the same number of shells.
-
all of the above
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
What is the name of the following compound?
CaCl2
Respuesta
-
calcium chloride
-
dicalcium chloride
-
carbon chloride
-
dichlorocalcium
-
calc two
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What do the components of a conceptual model have in common?
Respuesta
-
Each component must correlate with a corresponding component of a physical model.
-
All components interact with each other.
-
The components have nothing in common. This is what differentiates a conceptual model from a physical model.
-
All components are mutually independent of each other.
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which of the following could NOT be represented by a conceptual model?
Respuesta
-
the energy of a nucleus
-
the floor plan of a house
-
the behavior of schoolchildren
-
the weather
-
both A and B
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which of the following elements is a gas at room temperature
Respuesta
-
lead (Pb)
-
lithium (Li)
-
argon (Ar)
-
indium (In)
-
cesium (Cs)
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
A cat strolls across your backyard. An hour later, a dog with its nose to the ground follows the trail of the cat. Explain what is going on from a molecular point of view.
Respuesta
-
The dog is smelling molecules from the cat.
-
The cat is leading the dog into a trap.
-
The dog is smelling atoms from the cat
-
The dog is following the areas of increased density of the Earth.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which of the following describes a nonmetal?
Respuesta
-
ductile
-
malleable
-
good conductor of heat
-
poor conductor of electricity
-
shiny
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
What is the name of the following compound?
SF3
Respuesta
-
fluorine sulphide
-
trifluorosulphide
-
sulfur trifluoride
-
sulfur fluoride
-
none of the above
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Should the periodic table be memorized? Why or why not?
Respuesta
-
No. The periodic table changes every year. Memorizing it would be a waste of time.
-
Yes. Without memorizing the periodic table, one would not have any real understanding of how and why chemical compounds are put together.
-
Yes. Like the alphabet, we need to memorize the periodic table in order to easily write the language of chemistry.
-
No. The periodic table is a reference to be used, not memorized.
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Which of the following can be classified as matter?
Respuesta
-
perfume
-
sand
-
water
-
ice cream
-
All of the above
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
How would you describe the volume of the following object?
the amount of water in a swimming pool
Respuesta
-
macroscopic
-
microscopic
-
submicroscopic
-
all of the above
-
none of the above
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which of the following diagrams best represents the size of the atomic nucleus relative to the size of the atom?
Respuesta
-
A
-
B
-
C
-
D
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
The following image describes what type of change?
Respuesta
-
a physical change
-
no change
-
an elemental change
-
a chemical change
-
a change in state
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which of the following best explains what is happening when an atom emits light?
Respuesta
-
Heat energy is speeding up the orbit of the electrons and the resulting Doppler shift causes light to be emitted from the electrons.
-
An electron is jumping from a low energy state to a high energy state with the difference in energy being converted to light.
-
Heat energy is converting a neutron into a proton and an electron, which is ejected into the orbit of the nucleus, releasing light energy.
-
An electron is dropping from a higher to a lower energy level with the difference in energy between the two being emitted as light.
-
A proton is undergoing a nuclear change in the nucleus and is emitting a high energy light wave in the process.
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Which chemical family is composed almost entirely of man-made elements?
Respuesta
-
the lanthanides
-
the actinides
-
the halogens
-
all of the above
-
none of the above
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The nucleus of an electrically neutral iron atom contains 26 protons. How many electrons does this iron atom have?
Respuesta
-
24
-
54
-
26
-
none
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which of the following would not be considered a chemical property?
Respuesta
-
whether a material will dissolve in acid or not
-
the tendency of a material to explode
-
the temperature at which a liquid will boil
-
whether a metal will rust or not
-
light sensitivity
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Elements that are in the same ________ have a tendency to have very similar chemical properties due to periodic trends.
Respuesta
-
compound
-
group
-
textbook
-
row
-
period
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Which of these properties describes a metal?
Respuesta
-
fragile
-
brittle
-
doesn't conduct electricity very well
-
conducts heat very well
-
transparent
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which of the following statements describes an isotope?
Respuesta
-
element with the same number of protons but a different number of electrons
-
element with the same number of neutrons but a different number of electrons
-
element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
-
element with the same number of neutrons but a different number of protons
-
none of the above
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Which of the following is not a chemical change?
Respuesta
-
a loaf of bread growing mold
-
grass growing
-
a rock being crushed to powder
-
grape juice turning into wine
-
wood burning to ash
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Which of the following elements are in the same group as silicon (Si)?
Respuesta
-
B
-
P
-
C
-
As
-
none of the above
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
The mass number of an element is ________.
Respuesta
-
the sum of the isotopes
-
the sum of the electrons and the neutrons
-
the number of protons
-
the sum of the protons and the neutrons
-
the sum of the electrons and the protons
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Which atom is smallest?
Respuesta
-
Be
-
Sr
-
Ca
-
Mg
-
All are the same size.
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
Respuesta
-
a piece of metal expanding when heated, but returning to original size when cooled
-
aftershave or perfume on your skin generating a smell
-
water freezing into ice crystals
-
gasoline being used in the engine of a car producing exhaust
-
breaking a glass window
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
How many atoms of Oxygen (O) are in H3OClO4
Respuesta
-
2
-
3
-
1
-
7
-
5
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The following image describes which type of change?
Respuesta
-
an elemental change
-
a chemical change
-
no change
-
a physical change
-
a change in reactivity
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Water and ethanol can be separated by heating the ethanol until it boils away from the water. What type of change is this?
Respuesta
-
a physical change
-
a molecular change
-
a chemical change
-
a decomposition
-
none of the above
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Oxygen atoms are used to make water molecules. Does this mean that oxygen, O2, and water, H2O, have similar properties?
Respuesta
-
Yes, but that their properties are similar is only a coincidence.
-
Yes, and this explains how fish are able to breathe water.
-
No, compounds are uniquely different from the elements from which they're made.
-
No, but their similar properties are only a coincidence.
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Which of the following would not be considered a physical property?
Respuesta
-
temperature at which a material melts
-
color
-
temperature at which a material catches on fire
-
conductivity
-
hardness
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Which of the following would be considered applied research?
Respuesta
-
examining how susceptible a metal is to bending
-
determining how readily a metal corrodes in a wet environment
-
determining the lightest and strongest metal to be used for an airplane wing
-
determining the melting temperature of a metal
-
testing the strength of a piece of metal
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Which of the following statements best describes an element?
Respuesta
-
a material that has consistent physical properties
-
a material with more than one type of atom
-
a material consisting of only one type of atom
-
a material that has consistent chemical properties
-
material that is pure
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
What is the name of the following compound?
NaF
Respuesta
-
natural fosfate
-
nitrogen afleck
-
sodium fluoride
-
sodium phosphide
-
natrium fluoride
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Which of these does not describe a metal at room temperature?
Respuesta
-
bendable
-
gas
-
solid
-
liquid
-
shiny
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Which of the following physical properties would you expect for krypton (Kr)?
Respuesta
-
shiny
-
brittle
-
conducts electricity
-
a gas at room temperature
-
hard
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
Which of the following statements does not describe a proton?
Respuesta
-
It orbits around the nucleus of an atom.
-
It is a nucleon.
-
It has a positive charge equivalent but opposite of an electron's.
-
It is attracted to negatively charged electrical plates.
-
It is much more massive than an electron.
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
What is the main difference between a conceptual model and a physical model?
Respuesta
-
Physical models and conceptual models can be used to describe the same things.
-
Physical models can only be used to represent the real world.
-
A physical model represents the shape and form while a conceptual model describes how a system behaves.
-
Conceptual models can only be used to describe concepts.
-
A conceptual model represents the shape and form while a physical model describes how a system behaves.
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
If you remove two protons and two neutrons from a gold atom (Au), what new element is formed (if any)?
Respuesta
-
Au-2
-
Au
-
Re
-
Tl
-
Ir
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
The following image describes which type of change?
Respuesta
-
an elemental change
-
a chemical change
-
no change
-
a physical change
-
a change in reactivity
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
How many atoms are in one molecule of Na2SO4?
Respuesta
-
4
-
7
-
24
-
2
-
3
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
How is the term photon related to the term quantum?
Respuesta
-
A quantum is a wave of light while a packet of quanta equals one photon.
-
A quantum is a particle of light while a photon is a wave of light.
-
A quantum of light is actually one photon.
-
A quantum is a particle of light exactly one photon long.
-
A quantum of photons is equal to the wavelength.
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
What was Niels Bohr's explanation for the observation of atomic spectra?
Respuesta
-
Nucleons could be excited by different electron energies.
-
Any photon could excite an electron.
-
Only certain photons with the correct energy could excite the quanta in the nucleus.
-
Electrons could only move in discrete energy steps within an atom.
-
Electrons could not move in an atom.
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Which of the following elements will most likely be shiny and flexible?
Respuesta
-
iodine (I)
-
silicon (Si)
-
rhodium (Rh)
-
hydrogen (H)
-
helenium (Se)
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
Why isn't dirt listed in the periodic table?
Respuesta
-
Elements like dirt and air are so common that there is no need to list them in the periodic table.
-
Dirt IS listed in the periodic table but is not easily recognized because it is listed as one of the rare earths with its old scientific name, dysprosium, symbol Dy.
-
The periodic table lists only elements made of one kind of material. Dirt is a mixture of elements and compounds.
-
None of the above is true.
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
Strontium, Sr (number 38), is especially dangerous to humans because it tends to accumulate in calcium-dependent bone marrow tissues (calcium, Ca, number 20). This fact relates to the organization of the periodic table in that strontium and calcium are both
Respuesta
-
in group 2 of the periodic table.
-
soluble in water.
-
metals.
-
made of relatively large atoms.
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
What is the name of the following compound?
CO2
Respuesta
-
carbon dioxide
-
calcium oxide
-
dicobalt
-
calcium dioxide
-
dioxocarbon
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
Which of the following is said to be quantized?
Respuesta
-
the volume of air in a balloon
-
the amount of water in a glass
-
the amount of time in an hour
-
the number of eggs in an egg carton
-
none of the above
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
What is the valence shell?
Respuesta
-
It is the shell of electrons in element V (atomic no. = 23)
-
It is the last partially filled orbital in an atom.
-
It is the shell of electrons in an atom that is the least reactive.
-
It is the same as the orbital configuration.
-
It is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom.
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? Which contributes more to an atom's size?
Respuesta
-
Protons contribute more to an atom's mass while electrons contribute more to its size.
-
Protons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom.
-
Electrons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom.
-
Electrons contribute more to an atom's mass while protons contribute more to its size.
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
Respuesta
-
charcoal being converted into ash
-
a candy bar being digested by a student
-
iron metal reacting with oxygen to form rust
-
water boiling and being converted into steam
-
water being electrolyzed and being converted in hydrogen and oxygen
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
Which are older, the atoms in the body of an elderly person or those in the body of a baby
Respuesta
-
It depends upon their diet.
-
An elderly person because they have been around much longer.
-
They are of the same age, which is appreciably older than the solar system.
-
A baby because this is surely a trick question.
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
Would you use a physical model or a conceptual model to describe the following: the brain; the mind; the solar system; the beginning of the universe?
Respuesta
-
physical; physical; physical; physical
-
conceptual; conceptual; conceptual; conceptual
-
physical; conceptual; physical; conceptual
-
conceptual; physical; conceptual physical
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
The repeating trends that take place when examining the elements are called ________.
Respuesta
-
the metal shift
-
a group conscience
-
periodicity (periodic trend)
-
the family cycle
-
none of the above
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
Which of the following elements is an alkali metal?
Respuesta
-
cerium (Cr)
-
argon (Ar)
-
lithium (Li)
-
lead (Pb)
-
indium (In)
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
Which of the following boxes represents a compound?
Respuesta
-
only A
-
only B
-
only C
-
both A and C
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Why are the atomic masses listed in the periodic table not whole numbers?
Respuesta
-
Scientists have yet to make the precise measurements.
-
The atomic masses are average atomic masses.
-
Today's instruments are able to measure the atomic masses to many decimal places.
-
That would be too much of a coincidence.
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Which of the following would not be considered matter?
Respuesta
-
light
-
clouds
-
rain
-
trees
-
air
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would
Respuesta
-
have a change in flavor.
-
become radioactive.
-
become arsenic.
-
expand and likely lodge in your throat.
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Which statement best describes a compound?
Respuesta
-
a mixture of atoms
-
a material that is made up of a combination of atoms bonded together
-
a mixture of more than one element
-
a material that is made up of a single type of atom
-
none of the above
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Which of the following is not the name of a chemical family?
Respuesta
-
alkaline-earth metals
-
noble gases
-
heavy metals
-
transition metals
-
alkali metals
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Which of the following would be considered a physical property?
Respuesta
-
flammability
-
density
-
oxygen sensitivity
-
reactivity towards acid
-
corrosion resistance
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
What is the main tenet of Plank's quantum hypothesis?
Respuesta
-
Energy can be converted into matter through nuclear quanta.
-
Light is composed of waves that exist only at certain quantum fundamental frequencies.
-
Energy is composed of subatomic particles called quanta.
-
Energy is a continuum, but light is quantized.
-
Energy comes in discrete packets of a certain minimum size.
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
Which of the following does not describe a neutron?
Respuesta
-
It is more difficult to detect than a proton or an electron.
-
It is a nucleon.
-
It is often associated with protons.
-
It has a positive charge equivalent but opposite of an electron's.
-
It is much more massive than an electron.
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
Which of the following could be represented by a physical model?
Respuesta
-
a cell
-
an atom
-
ecosystem
-
rationality
-
both A and B
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
Since atoms are mostly empty space, why don't objects pass through one another?
Respuesta
-
The nucleus of one atom attracts the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier.
-
The electrons on the atoms repel other electrons on other atoms when they get close.
-
The nucleus of one atom repels the nucleus of another atom when it gets close.
-
The electrons of one attract the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier.
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
How is it possible to deduce the identity of an element from its electron configuration?
Respuesta
-
An electron configuration is unique to each element, much like its atomic spectrum.
-
If the atom is electrically neutral, the number of electrons corresponds to the atom's atomic number.
-
The number of occupied shells corresponds to the atom's atomic number.
-
Using the periodic table, the outermost occupied shell indicates the group while the number of occupied shells indicates the period.
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
How would you describe the size of the following object?
a blood cell
Respuesta
-
submicroscopic
-
microscopic
-
macroscopic
-
all of the above
-
none of the above
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
Evidence for the existence of neutrons did not come until many years after the discoveries of the electron and the proton. Give a possible explanation.
Respuesta
-
The neutron is nearly massless.
-
The discovery required the use of ultrafast computers.
-
The neutron is only slightly more massive than the proton.
-
The neutron lacks an electrical charge.
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
Strontium, Sr (number 38), is especially dangerous to humans because it tends to accumulate in calcium-dependent bone marrow tissues (calcium, Ca, number 20). This fact relates to the organization of the periodic table in that strontium and calcium are both
Respuesta
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in group 2 of the periodic table.
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soluble in water.
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metals.
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made of relatively large atoms.
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
Which element would have chemical properties the most similar to chlorine (Cl)?
Respuesta
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Ar
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Na
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Br
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S
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O
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