8537870
Descripción
Test por Idont Evencare, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Idont Evencare
hace alrededor de 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
How many women have a recurrent UTi at some point in their life
Respuesta
-
20-30%
-
10%
-
78%
-
5%
-
45-55%
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Urinary tract is in women the most common site of what kind of infection
Respuesta
-
bacterial
-
parasitic
-
fungal
-
viral
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
UTIs are a significant cause of mortility
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Majority of UTIs are
Respuesta
-
acute
-
short lived
-
chronic
-
fatal
-
asymptomatic
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What is the usual route of bacterial infection in UTIs?
Respuesta
-
minor calyx - major calyx - ureter
-
urethra - bladder
-
urethra - ureter - bladder
-
isthmus of utherus - fundus of utherus - bladder
-
bladder - kidneys
-
utherus - bladder - kidneys
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Septicaemia occurs when
Respuesta
-
There is a low concentraion of bacteria in the blood
-
Bacteria from the urinary tract invade bloodstream
-
The blood is sterile
-
Bacteria infect the kidneys, resulting in an inflammation
-
There is bacterial infection, in any organ of the body
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Pylonephritis occuring without bladder infection is
Respuesta
-
called heamatogenous spread
-
rare
-
not possible
-
common
-
called cystitis
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Nosocomial is another word for community acquired infection
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Enterobacteriacaea
Respuesta
-
are gram negative bacteria
-
are gram positive bacteria
-
include E. coli
-
include Staph aureus
-
most common cause of UTIs
-
common in hospital acquired UTIs, but not so in community acquired
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Hospital acquired UTIs are commonly a result of
Respuesta
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
Klebsiella
-
Enterobacter
-
Citrobacter
-
Pseudomonas putida
-
Proteus
-
Salmonella typhi
-
Corynebacterium
-
Streptococcus
-
Yersenia pestis
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Amongst gram positive bacteria causing UTIs belong
Respuesta
-
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
-
Enterococcus
-
E. coli
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
Klebsiella
-
Staphylococcus aureus
-
Staphylococcus epidermis
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Most common gram positive bacteria in UTIs is
Respuesta
-
Staphylococcu saprophyticus
-
Staphylococcus epidermis
-
Staphylococcus aureus
-
Enterococcus faecium
-
Staphylococcus auricularis
-
Escherichia coli
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Immunodeficient patients (unlike other patients) with UTI are often found to be infected with
Respuesta
-
Enterococcus
-
Staphylococcus epidermis
-
Salmonella typhi
-
Klebssiella
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Common bacteria causing UTI by heamatogenous spread are
Respuesta
-
Staphylococcus epidermis
-
Salmonella typhi
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
Staphylococcus aureus
-
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
-
Citrobacter
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Select the bacteria you would expect to be present in the following cases:
Nosocomal UTI patient with an immunodeficiency: [blank_start]Staphylococcus epidermis[blank_end]
UTI acqured by a heamatogenous spread: [blank_start]Staphylococcus aureus[blank_end]
Gram positive hospital acquired UTI: [blank_start]Staphylococcus saprophyticus[blank_end]
Most common to cause an UTI: [blank_start]E. coli[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Staphylococcus aureus
-
Staphylococcus epidermis
-
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
-
E. coli
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Select a correct statement about community acquired UTI:
Respuesta
-
80% of cases are caused by E. coli
-
40% of cases are caused by E. coli
-
most commonly caused as a cosequence of catheter insertion
-
60% is caused by gram negative bacteria
-
60% is caused by gram positive bacteria
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
What are the symptoms of UTI?
Respuesta
-
microturition
-
macrourination
-
dysuria
-
urgency
-
lack of need to pass urine
-
itching
-
angular stomatitis
-
pallor
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Match the correct definitions:
[blank_start]Pyuria[blank_end] - Cloudy urine due to the presence of pus cells
[blank_start]Bacteriuria[blank_end] - Cloudy urine due to the presenece of bacteria
[blank_start]Haematuria[blank_end] - Presence of blood in the urine
[blank_start]Dysuria[blank_end] - A burning pain on passing urine
[blank_start]Pylonephritis[blank_end] - Infection of the kidney
Respuesta
-
Pyuria
-
Bacteriuria
-
Septicaemia
-
Haematuria
-
Haemolysis
-
Biliverdinea
-
Dysuria
-
Anuria
-
Pyelonephritis
-
Glomerulonephritis
-
bacteraemia
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which of the following are symptoms pf pyelonephritis
Respuesta
-
symptoms of lower UTIs
-
back pain
-
easy bruising
-
keratitis
-
malnutrition
-
fever
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about pyelonephritis are correct
Respuesta
-
it is often caused by staphylococci
-
if recurrent can cause severe kidney damage
-
if recurrent can cause irreversible bladder damage
-
it is infection of the bladder
-
renal abscesses are usually absent
-
it is also called upper urinary tract infection
-
is more severe than lower UTI
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Who is at risk of aymptomatic UTI
Respuesta
-
young adults
-
pregnant women
-
immunodeficient patients
-
diabetic patients
-
patients with Duchenne muscular dystophy
-
children and elderly
-
30 year old men
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Asymptomatic UTI can only be detected by laboratory screenings
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Bacteriuria can proceed into bacteraemia
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
At what bacterial concentraion is bacteriuria considered significant
Respuesta
-
>10^5 organisms/mL
-
<10^5 organisms/mL
-
>10^9 organisms/mL
-
>10^4 organisms/mL
-
<10^4 organisms/mL
-
10^6 - 10^9 organisms/mL
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
How can infection be distinguished from contamination?
Respuesta
-
by quantative culture methods
-
by modern PCR
-
good specimens will always contain periurethral flora
-
infected urine usually contains only one species
-
threshold for contaminated specimen is >5 species
-
contaminated specimen would contain <10^4 organisms/mL
-
infected specimen wowuld contain >10^3 organisms/mL
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Urinary tract is normally sterile
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Low bacterial counts are always insignificant
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
How can urine samples be collected?
Respuesta
-
Suprapubic aspiration
-
Nephrostomy tubes
-
Nasopharyngeal aspirates
-
Excision
-
First stream urine
-
Midstream urine
-
Lumbar puncture
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Presence if WBC in urine is
Respuesta
-
always indicative of UTI
-
abnormal
-
normal
-
an indicative of contamination
-
can form urinary casts
-
indicative of infection if at concentraion >10/mL
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Sterile pyuria could indicate
Respuesta
-
antibiotic therapy
-
nothing, it´s not possible
-
infection by organisms not detectable by conventional techniques (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea)
-
infection by organisms not detectable by conventional techniques (e.g. Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Salmonella typhi, E. coli)
-
diseases not caused by bacteria (e.g. renal canaliculli, neoplasms)
-
viral UTI
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Culture is performed
Respuesta
-
after microscopy
-
prior to microscopy
-
when UTI is suspected
-
to establish whether or not UTI is to be suspected
-
to identify the organism
-
to count the bacteria
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about agar cultures are correct:
Respuesta
-
mixed growth is indicative of contamination
-
bacteria can be identified by the colour which is a result of sugar fermentation
-
bacteria are idedntified by the time they take to grow to 1mm thickness
-
bacteria can be identified by the colour which is a result of toxin release
-
sensitivity plates are set up after culture is performed
-
culture plates are usually completed within 24 hours
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
What is the routine treatment for UTI?
Respuesta
-
Amoxicillin; if patients are allergic to penicillin
-
Amoxicillin
-
Ciprofloxacin; if patients are allergic to penicillin
-
Ciprofloxacin
-
Oritavancin
-
Oritavancin combined with Vancomycin
-
Cefoxitin; if patients are allergic to penicilin
-
Cefoxitin
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which statements about microorganisms causing UTIs are correct
Respuesta
-
viruses cause significant UTIs
-
E. coli is the predominant pathogen
-
they are usually of endogenous origin
-
community acquired UTIs are commonly caused by multiple-resistant gram negative bacteria
-
they cause an UTI via blood
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Which statements about tretment of UTIs are correct
Respuesta
-
oral antibiotcs are not effective for lower UTI
-
lower UTIs are usually short lived
-
upper UTIs are usually short lived
-
upper UTIs often require systemic administration of drugs
-
antibiotics must be administred intramuscularly
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