Biochemistry Exam 6- 2nd Year, 2nd Semester- PMU

Question

Which of the following hormones derive from amino acids?

Answer 1

epinephrine

Answer 2

thyroid hormones

Answer 3

calcitriol

Answer 4

the blood levels of TSH are higher

Answer 5

hypoglycemia

Answer 6

hyperglycemia

Answer 7

increased thermogenesis

Answer 8

decreased thermogenesis

Answer 9

the blood levels of TSH are lower

Answer 10

are associated with monomeric G-proteins

Answer 11

are receptors for lipophilic hormones

Answer 12

transmit the signal of epinephrine and glucagon

Answer 13

have an intracellular domain rich in tyrosine

Answer 14

glucocorticoids are synthesized in zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland

Answer 15

adrenal androgens are DHEA and 5-dihydrotestosterone

Answer 16

5-dihydrotestosterone is more potent androgen than testosterone

Answer 17

renin stimulates the conversion of angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2

Answer 18

17-hydroxylase is the principle regulatory enzyme in streroidogenesis

Answer 19

the blood levels of TSH are lower

Answer 20

the blood levels of TSH are higher

Answer 21

increased thermogenesis

Answer 22

decreased thermogenesis

Answer 23

unchanged metabolic rate

Answer 24

CYP 450 side chain cleavage enzyme is the key regulatory enzyme in the synthesis of all the steroid hormones

Answer 25

25-dehydrogenase is the main regulatory enzyme in the synthesis of calcitriol

Answer 26

calcitriol causes a decrease of blood Ca2+ levels

Answer 27

cortisol has a prominent hyperglycemic effect

Answer 28

testosterone is less potent androgen than 5-dihydrotestosterone

Answer 29

glucocorticoids are synthesized in zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland

Answer 30

angiotensin ll stimulates the production of aldosterone in zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland

Answer 31

testosterone is converted into estradiol by 17-ketoreduetase (17β- dehydrogenase)

Answer 32

derivatives of amino acids

Answer 33

phosphodiesterase is inhibited by insulin

Answer 34

epinerphrine and ACTH use cAMP as a second messenger

Answer 35

insulin uses PI3K signaling pathway

Answer 36

guanylyl cyclase activates protein kinase C (PKC)

Answer 37

Angiotensin 2

Answer 38

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 39

21-hydroxylase

Answer 40

1-α-hydroxylase

Answer 41

3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and Δ5,4-isomerase

Answer 42

cyt. P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc)

Answer 43

5-α-reductase

Answer 44

Cholesterol side chain cleavage by P450 scc results in production of pregnolone

Answer 45

Cortisol is produced in zone fasciculata

Answer 46

Aldosterone is produced in zona reticularis

Answer 47

Estrogens biosynthesis requires aromatase activity

Answer 48

Thyroid hormones are made from tyrosine

Answer 49

The synthesis of thyroid hormones is stimulated by TSH

Answer 50

T4 is more active than T3

Answer 51

Iodine transport in the thyroid follicle is energy dependent

Answer 52

the regulatory subunits of PKA dissociate, therby activating the catalytic subunits

Answer 53

PKA catalytic subunits bind to the regulatory subunits

Answer 54

the regulatory subunits dissociate from the catalytic subunits causing inactivation of the enzyme

Answer 55

Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 derive from threonine

Answer 56

TSH and ACTH bind to cell surface G-proteins coupled receptors (GPCR)

Answer 57

Insulin is a polypeptide hormone that consists of A and B chain

Answer 58

ACTH and endorphins derive from a large precursor called POMC

Answer 59

Testosterone is a lipophilic hormone

Answer 60

Testosterone has cell surface receptors with tyrosine kinase activity

Answer 61

Testosterone is formed from dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in peripheral tissues

Answer 62

DHT is formed from testosterone in reaction catalyzed by 5-α-reductase

Answer 63

Formation of c. AMP

Answer 64

Formation of c. GMP

Answer 65

Initiation of a cascade in which several kinases are activated sequentially by phosphorylation

Answer 66

Ras is a heterotrimeiric G-protein

Answer 67

Adrenaline and Glucagon inhibit glycogen phosphorylase

Answer 68

Cortisol stimulates gluconeogenesis and lipolysis

Answer 69

Aldosterone increases blood pressure

Answer 70

The major driving force for aldosterone biosynthesis is angiotensin II

Answer 71

The active form of vit. D3 is calcitriol

Answer 72

Vit. D3 is synthesized in the skin from 7- dehydrocholesterol under UV-light

Answer 73

Calcitriol inhibits the intestinal absorption of Ca2+ and phosphate

Answer 74

Calcitriol plays important role in bone mineralization

Answer 75

can signal through MAPK pathway

Answer 76

triggers cAMP- dependent pathway

Answer 77

can signal through P13K-pathway

Answer 78

has dimeric receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity

Answer 79

Inositol-1,4,5-trisphospahte

Answer 80

hormone-receptor complex

Answer 81

T4 can be a product both of the thyroid and the peripheral tissues

Answer 82

T3 can be a product both of the thyroid and the peripheral tissues

Answer 83

T3 is more active than T4

Answer 84

Thyroid receptors are cytosolic intracellular

Answer 85

its synthesis is stimulated by ACTH

Answer 86

its synthesis is stimulated by angiotensin ll

Answer 87

it decreases K+ and H+ excretion

Answer 88

it increases Na+ and water reabsotption

Answer 89

its receptors are cytosolic intracellular

Answer 90

it is synthesized in zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex

Answer 91

ADH (vasopressin)

Answer 92

divergention of the signal means that different signal pathways have the same common targets or intermediate components

Answer 93

crosstalk of the signals means that one signal molecule can transmit signals from different extracellular messengers (signal molecules)

Answer 94

acetylcholine transmit its signals through receptors associated with ion channels

Answer 95

acetylcholine transmit its signals through receptors associated with intrinsic serine-threonine kinase activity

Answer 96

epinerphrine

Answer 97

testosterone

Answer 98

calcitriol

Answer 99

Thyroid hormones

Answer 100

Steroid hormones

Answer 101

Testosterone

Answer 102

Growth hormone

Answer 103

it has intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity

Answer 104

it is located in the nucleus

Answer 105

it is a dimer composed of two α and two β subunits

Answer 106

it is coupled with G-protein

Answer 107

C.AMP is a key second messenger in the transduction of hormone signals

Answer 108

Adenylyl cyclase is activated by insulin

Answer 109

Adenylyl cyclase catalyzes the synthesis of AMP from ATP

Answer 110

Hormones like adrenaline, glucagon and ACTH use cGMP as second messenger

Answer 111

Insulin receptor has serine/threonine kinase activity

Answer 112

Binding of insulin to its membrane receptor stimulates the tyrosine kinase activity of the β-subunits

Answer 113

Insulin is a lipophilic hormone

Answer 114

Cortisol is a lipophilic hormone

Answer 115

Cholesterol side chain cleavage by P450 scc results in production pregnenolone

Answer 116

Cortisol is produced in zona glomerulosa

Answer 117

Aldosterone is produced in zona reticularis

Answer 118

Testosterone biosynthesis requires aromatase activity

Answer 119

Inositol- 1,4,5- triphosphate

Answer 120

Triacylglycerol

Answer 121

Diacylglycerol

Answer 122

Ca2+ and calmodulin

Answer 123

Growth hormone

Answer 124

Testosterone

Answer 125

Calcitriol

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Biochemistry Exam 6- 2nd Year, 2nd Semester- PMU

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