Nerves

CRANEAL NERVES

I. Olfactory nerve

Apparent origin

Hole

Function

Telencephalon: It's an extension of the brain, therefore, it isn't specifically associated with the brain stem.

Hole in the cribiform plate,

Transmits impulses from taste buds and olfactory mucosa.

II. Optical nerve

Diencephalon: same as the olfactory nerve, it's an extension of the brain.

Optical channel

Transmits impulses from the viscera and blood vessels.

III. Oculomotor nerver

Midbrain.

Upper orbital fissure.

Innervates the smooth muscle of the viscera, extraocular muscles, heart, salivary glands and skeletons muscles.

IV. Trochlear nerve

Midbrain.

Upper orbital fissure.

Innervates the skeletons muscles.

V. Trigeminal nerve

Brainstem.

Oval hole

Innervates the skeletons muscles branchial arc derivatives and transmits impulses from the skin and the skeletons muscles.

VI. External eye motor nerve

or abducens nerve

Brainstem.

Upper orbital fissure.

Innervates the skeletons muscles.

VII. Facial nerve

Brainstem.

Internal acoustic meatus.

Innervates the skeletons branchial arc derivates, the smooth muscle of the viscera, extraocular muscles, heart, salivary glands and transmits impulses from taste buds and olfactory mucosa, and from the skin and skeletons muscles.

VIII. Vestibulocochlear nerve

or auditory nerve

Spinal bulb

Internal acoustic meatus.

Transmits impulses from the retina and vestibular and auditory devices.

IX. Glossopharyngeal nerve

Spinal bulb

jugular hole

Innervates the skeletons branchial arc derivates, the smooth muscle of the viscera, extraocular muscles, heart, salivary glands and transmits impulses from taste buds and olfactory mucosa, from the skin and skeletons muscles, and from the viscera and blood vassels.

X. Vague nerve

Spinal bulb

Jugular hole

Innervates the skeletons branchial arc derivates, the smooth muscle of the viscera, extraocular muscles, heart, salivary glands and transmits impulses from taste buds and olfactory mucosa, from the skin and skeletons muscles, and from the viscera and blood vassels.