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Ch. 2 Psychoanalysis
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- 1Psychoanalysis p.28A unique method of research for understanding the human individual
Sigmund Freud - 2Neurosis p.29An emotional disturbance, but its usually not to severe and doesn't stop person from normal function in society
- 3Hysteria p.30illness with physical symptoms but no physiological basis for the problem
- 4Catharsis p.31An emotional release
- 5Resistance p.31Although patients want to remember traumatic events, this force Freud called resistance, prevented the patient from becoming aware of them and kept the memories unconcious
- 6UnconsciousProcesses p.31Forces of which a person is unaware
Ex: hard to recall last B-day, but w/o trying can remember
memory has been rendered unconscious or repressed. - 7Wish P. 32During the traumatic event, a WISH had been aroused that went against the persons ego-ideal.
If it causes too much pain, the wish is repressed...
wish=memory - 8Repression p.32the blocking of a wish or desire from consciousness, is unavoidable & necessary in order for a civilized society to exist.
- 9Free Association P.32Ex: patient asked to say whatever comes to mind. Anything!
Based on the premise that no idea is arbitrary & insignificant, and they eventually lead back to the original problem.
Tool for self-understanding...Freud - 10Cause p.33Implies the action of a material, impersonal force that brings something about
- 11Motive P.33Personal agency and implies an emotion or desire operating on the will of a person and leading him/her to act.
- 12Overdetermined p.33Freud.. all events are overdetermined, they have more than one meaning or explanation
- 13Slips P.33Bungled acts:a slip of the tongue, a slip of the pen, or a lapse of memory.
- 14Manifest Dream P.34The dream as it is remembered the next morning
frequently appears incoherent & nonsensical, the fantasy of a mad person... but presents some kind of narrative story.
Disguised fulfillment of repressed wishes - 15Latent Dream p.34The meaning or motive underlying the manifest dream.
- 16Sexuality p.36Freud... a bodily process that could be totally understood under a model of tension reduction.
- 17Libido p.36the emotional and psychic energy derived from the biological drive of sexuality testifies to this shift in his thought.
- 18Drive p.36A psychological or mental representation of an inner bodily source of excitment
- 19Drive characterized by 4 features p.361. Source: the bodily stimulus or need
2. Impetus: the amount of energy or intensity of the need
3. Aim: it's goal & purpose (to reduce the excitation)
4. Object: the person or object in the environ. through which the aim may be satisfied - 20Eros p.36Life impulses or drives, those forces that maintain life processes and ensure reproduction of the species.
- 21Thanatos p.36encompassing death impulses or drives, is a biological reality & the source of aggressiveness, & reflects the ultimate resolution of all life's tension in death.
- 22Polymorphous perverse p.37the child who actively seeks pleasure from many ares of the body.
Children's activities differ in many respects from reproductive sexual activity - 23Psychosexual Stages p. 37different erogenous zones are important, children move from autoeroticism to reproductive sexuality and develop their adult personalities.
- 241. Oral Stage p.38(Birth-1 yr old)
Major source of pleasure & potential conflict is the mouth. - 252. Anal Stage p.38(2 yr old)
The major source of pleasure & potential conflict is activities involving the anus.
Ex. Toilet training
Pain or pleasure in either retraining or expelling their waste products - 263. Phallic Stage p.39(3 yrs-6 yrs old)
Character. of this stage are pleasurable & conflicting feelings associated with genital organs.
Their ability to give pleasure in autoerotic activity & their significance as a means of distinguishing between the sexes. - 27Oedipus Complex p.39The pleasure of masturbation & the fantasy life of children.
Freud... children have incestuous wishes toward the opposite sex parent & murderous impulses toward the same sex parent - 28Castration Anxiety p.40He fears the physical retaliation from his father, in particular that he will lose his penis.
- 29Electra Complex p.41Same as oedipal, but feminine version
Primary love object for girls is also the mother - 30Penis envy p.41The disappointment & shame females feel upon viewing the "superior: penis leads to jealousy of the male, PENIS ENVY, a sense of inferiority, & a feeling of resentment & hatred toward the mother who is held responsible for the effected castration
- 31Latency Period p.41Psychic forces develop that inhibit the sexual drive & narrow its direction
Sexual impulses, which are unacceptable in their direct expression, are channeled & elevated into more culturally accepted levels of activity, such as sports or intellectual interests. - 324. Genital Stage p. 41(Adolescence)
Emerges when the genital organs mature.
There is a rebirth of sexual & aggressive desires, & the sexual drive, which was formerly autoerotic, is redirected to seeking gratification from genuine interaction with others - 33Fixation p.42Creates excessive needs to characteristics of an earlier stage. Ex: Smoking, gossiping
- 34ID p.43"core of our being"
the oldest & original function of the personality & the basis of the ego & superego
Includes instincts & drives that motivate us as well as our genetic inheritance & our reflexes & capacities to respond
BASIC DRIVES, NEEDS, & WISHES - 35Pleasure Principle p. 43refers to seeking the immediate tension reduction
The ID pays no heed to the consequences of its actions & therefore frequently behaves in a manner that may be harmful to the self or others. - 36Primary Processes p.44Hallucinating or forming an image of the object that would satisfy its needs
- 37Wish Fulfillment p.44EX. Visualizing a forthcoming hamburger or steak momentarily relieves our hunger pangs
Present in Newborns - 38EGO p.44"I"
Emerges in order to realistically meet the wishes & demands of the ID in accordance with the outside world. - 39Reality Principle p.44The ego follows the reality principle, satisfying the ID's impulses in an appropriate manner in the external world
- 40Secondary Processes p.44the cognitive & perceptional skills that help an individual distinguish between fact & fantasy
- 41Superego p.44"its innermost core" is the SUPEREGO
( "above-I")
represents internalized values, ideals, & moral standards
Stives for perfection - 42Conscience p.44The capacity for self-evaluation, criticism, & reproach
- 43Ego-Ideal p.44An ideal self-image consisting of approved & rewarded behaviors
Source of pride & a concept of who we think we should be. - 44Defense Mechanisms p.46Procedures that ward off anxiety & prevent our conscious perception of it.
@ features: They occur on an unconscious level so that we are not aware of what we are doing, & they deny or distort reality so as to make it less threatening. - 45Repression p.46Involves blocking a wish or desire from expression so that it cannot be experienced consciously or expressed directly in behavior.
Involuntary act - 46Denial p47Refusing to acknowledge an unpleasant reality or fact of life
- 47Projection p.47The unconscious attribution of an impulse, attitude, or behavior onto someone or something else in the enviornment
- 48Reaction Formation p.47Expresses an impulse by its opposite,
Ex. Hostility replaced by friendship - 49Regression p.47The person who moves backward in time to a stage that was less anxious & had fewer responsibilities.
frequently occurs following traumatic event - 50Rationalization p.48Involves dealing with an emotion or impulse analytically & intellectually in order to avoid feeling it.
Involves faulty reaonsing - 51Identification p.48We reduce anxiety by modeling our behavior on that of someone else
- 52Displacement p.48If an object that would satisfy an impulse of an ID is unavailable, we may shift our impulse onto another object
Ex. child mad at parent hits younger sibling - 53Sublimation p.48Rechannels are unacceptable impulse into a more socially desirable outlet.
Form of displacement that redirects the impulse itself rather than the object. - 54Transference p.49S process whereby the patient transfers to the analyst emotional attitudes felt ad a child toward important persons.
- 55Neuropsychoanalytic Research p.53Combines neurological objective study of the brain with psychoanalytical introspective study of the mind.
Información
- Descripción
- From Personality Theories by Barbara Engler
- Creado por
- Michelle Guzman · ago 2017
- Actualizado
- 7 abr 2018
- Visitas
- 3
- Valoración