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Dr Pringle - Attachment
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- 1What is the definition of reciprocity?A description of how two people interact.
Mother-infant interaction is reciprocal in that both infant and mother respond to each other's signals and each elicits a response from the other. - 2What is the definition of interactional synchrony?Mother and infant reflect both the actions and emotions of the other and do this in a co-ordinated way.
- 3What is the definition of primary attachment?The person who has formed the closest bond with a child, demonstrated by the intensity of the relationship. This is usually a child's biological mother but other people can fulfil the role.
- 4What is the definition of secondary attachment?The closest emotional bond is with the primary attachment figure; additional support is available form secondary attachment figures who provide an emotional safety net.
- 5What are Schaffer's Four Stages of Attachment?1. Asocial stage (first few weeks)
2. Indiscriminate attachment
3. Specific attachment
4. Multiple attachments - 6Describe Schaffer's First Stage of Attachment.1. The baby's behaviour towards non-human objects and humans is quite similar. Babies show some preference for familiar in that those individuals find it easier to calm down. Babies are also happier when in the presence of other humans.
- 7Describe Schaffer's Second Stage of Attachment.2. From 2-7 months babies display more observable social behaviour. They show a preference for people rather than inanimate objects, and recognise and prefer familiar adults. At this stage babies usually accept cuddles and comfort from any adult, and they do not usually show separation anxiety or stranger anxiety. Their attachment behaviour is therefore said to be indiscriminate because it is not different towards any one person.
- 8Describe Schaffer's Third Stage of Attachment3. From around 7 months the majority of babies start to display anxiety towards strangers and to become anxious when separated from one particular adult - biological adult in 65% of cases. Baby is said to have performed specific attachments - called primary attachment figure. This person is not necessarily the person who the child spends the most time with but the one who offers the most interaction and responds to the baby's 'signals' withe the most skill.
- 9Describe Schaffer's Fourth Stage of Attachment4. After babies start to show attachment behaviours towards one adult they usually extend this attachment behaviour to multiple attachments with other adults that they regularly spend time with - secondary attachments.
*In Schaffer's study, 29% of children had secondary attachments within a month of forming a primary attachment. By about one, majority of infants formed multiple attachments. - 10What is the definition of separation anxiety?Distress shown by an infant when separated from an attachment figure.
- 11What is the definition of stranger anxiety?Distress shown by an infant when approached by an unfamiliar person.
- 12What is the difference between reciprocity and interactional synchrony?kjgiugiugiu
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- Fichas sobre Dr Pringle - Attachment, creado por Millie Carless el 21/01/2018.
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- Millie Carless
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