Fichas
Atomic Structure and Isotopes
Fichas del conjunto (21)
- 1Name the 3 subatomic particles that make up an atomProton
Neutron
Electron - 2What is the relative masses of the 3 subatomic particles?PROTON = 1
NEUTRON = 1
ELECTRON = 1/2000 - 3What is the relative charge of the 3 subatomic particles?PROTON = +1
NEUTRON = 0
ELECTRON = -1 - 4Complete the sentences: Ions have different numbers of protons and ___________. A negative charge means that there's more __________ than _________. A positive charge means that there are more ___________ than ___________.Ions have different numbers of protons and ELECTRONS. A negative charge means that there's more ELECTRONS than PROTONS. A positive charge means that there are more PROTONS than ELECTRONS.
- 5What are isotopes?Isotopes of an element are atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
- 6Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties but different physical properties?CHEMICAL
They have the same electron configuration
PHYSICAL
Physical properties tend to depend more on the mass of the atom - 7Name the 4 atomic modelsDalton's model
Thomson's model
Rutherford's model
Bohr's model - 8Describe Dalton's model of atomic structureDalton described atoms as solid spheres, and that different types of sphere made up different elements
- 9Describe Thomson's model of atomic structureJ.J. Thomson concluded that atoms weren't solid and indivisible. His measurements of charge and mass showed that an atom must contain negatively charged particles (electrons). The new model was known as the 'plum pudding model'.
- 10Describe Rutherford's model of atomic structureRutherford and his students Geiger and Marsden conducted the gold foil experiment. Rutherford came up with the nuclear model of the atom, where there is a tiny positively charged nucleus surrounded by a 'cloud' of negative electrons. He then discovered that the nucleus contained protons, which led James Chadwick to discover the neutron.
- 11Describe Bohr's model of atomic structureBohr proposed a new model with four basic principles:
1. Electrons can only exist in fixed orbits (shells) and not anywhere in between
2. Each shell has a fixed energy
3. When an electron moves between shells, electromagnetic radiation is emitted or absorbed
4. As the energy of shells is fixed, the radiation will have a fixed frequency
The Bohr model also explained why noble gases are inert - 12Define relative atomic massThe relative atomic mass (Aᵣ) is the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element, compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
- 13Define relative isotopic massRelative isotopic mass is the mass of an atom of an isotope of an element compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
- 14Define relative molecular massThe relative molecular mass (Mr) is the average mass of a molecule compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
- 15How would you find the Mr of a molecule using Ar values?Add up the Ar values of all atoms in the molecule
- 16Define relative formula massRelative formula mass is the average mass of a formula unit, compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
- 17What is the difference between relative molecular mass and relative formula mass?Relative formula mass is used for compounds that are ionic (or giant covalent, e.g. SiO₂)
- 18Complete the sentence: Different isotopes of an element occur in different...Quantities, or isotopic abundances
- 19What is the equation for relative Ar, using isotopic masses?
- 20If the isotopic abundances are not given as percentages but as a relative abundance, how would you calculate relative Ar?1. Multiply each relative isotopic mass by its relative abundance and add up the results
2. Divide by the sum of the relative abundances - 21What is mass spectra used for in isotopes?Determining the relative isotopic masses and relative abundances of the isotope
Calculating the relative atomic mass of an element from the relative abundances of its isotopes
Información
- Descripción
- A level (2.1 Atoms and Reactions) Chemistry Fichas sobre Atomic Structure and Isotopes, creado por Yinka F el 19/02/2018.
- Creado por
- Yinka F
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