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Atoms sec 2

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1Atoms-An element consists of one type of atom only.It can not be broken down chemically further.
-Atoms of different elements are different in size
-the smallest particle of a substance
2Sub-particles of an Atom-Protons and Neutrons inside of the nucleus
-Electrons that move around the nucleus in the electron shell
3Physical Quantities of 3 particlesProton- Mass: 1 Charge:+1
Nuetron: MAss:1 Charge:0
Electron: Mass: 1/1840 Charge:-1
ATOM HAS AN EQUAL NUMBER OF ELECTRONS AND PROTONS SO THEY NEUTRALISE EACH OTHER.(electrically neutral as there is no net charge)
4Isotopes-Atoms of the same type that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
5Ions-occurs when an atom loses or gains electrons
-not electrically neutral
-Postive ions formed when atoms lose electrons
-Negative ions when they gain electrons
6Formation of ionsPOSITIVE ION
-positive sign indicating loss of electrons
-numerical number indicating loss of electrons
eg:X''+
equation: X=X''+ 2e-
an equation for gain electrons
Y + 3e-= Y3-
7Molecules-Two or more elements chemically combined together
8Molecule of element and compoundMOLECULE OF ELEMENT
-two or more of the same type of atom chemically joined
MOLECULE OF COMPOUND
-two or more of different types of atoms chemically combined together.