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2.5 Explanations for Forgetting
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- 12 explanations of forgettinginterference + retrieval failure
- 2interferenceforgetting because one memory blocks another causing one or both memories to be distorted or forgotten
- 3interference theorymainly forgetting of LTM
- 4types of interferenceproactive and retroactive interference
- 5proactive interferenceolder memory interferes with a newer one
- 6retroactive interferenceyounger memory interferes with a newer one
teacher cannot remember old students name because they have has so many students since - 7effects of similaritymcgeoch and mc donald studied retroactive interference
- 8procedurelearn list of words until remembering with 100 accuracy
then new list learned
synonyms
antonyms
unrelated words
nonsense syllables
3 digit numbers
no new list control - 9findingsrecollection dependant on the nature of second list
most similar material (encoding semantically) worst - synonyms - 10interference worse when...memories are similar
- 11retrieval failure theorypeople forget because of insufficient cues
when info is stored - cues are stored with them - 12forgetting by retrieval failurecues are not available at time of recall
- 13cuea trigger of information that allows to access a memory
- 14encoding specificity principletulving
if a cue is to help recall it must be present at time of encoding and at retrieval - 15if the cues are differentforgetting will occur
- 16unmeaningful way of encodingcontext-dependant forgetting
state-dependant forgetting - 17state-dependantinternal cues
- 18context-dependantexternal cues
Godden + Baddeley
deep sea divers
4 conditions underwater and on land - 19findingsaccurate recall was 40% lower in non-matching conditions
- 20conclusionexternal cues availiable at learning were different to those at recall so retrieval failure occured
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- Fichas sobre 2.5 Explanations for Forgetting, creado por Lara Davies el 10/05/2018.
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- Lara Davies
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