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math 220 test 1
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- 1descriptive statsmake raw data
-graphs, mean - 2inferential statsmake a conclusion on the population-based solely on sample data
- 3data sets can be......1. categorical
2. numerical - 4categoricalqualitative
-eye color, phone types, zipcodes - 5numericalquantitative
1. Discrete: counting
-# of cats
2. Continuous: measurement
- height/ weight - 6statisticsart and science of designing studies and analyzing the data that is produced
- 7designrandom and representative samples, controlling for other variables
- 8variablescharacteristic that changes from person to person
- 9frequency distributiona table listing all the categories and counts for each
- 10bar charta group of that frequency of relative frequency distribution
- spaces between bars - 11dot plotsplace a dot for each data point above the horizontal number line best for discrete data with a small spread
- 12histogramssimilar to bar charts but bars touch usually data needs to be grouped into intervals
- 13mean"average"
- 14medianorder data, middle value
- 15empirical ruleunimodal/ symmetric
- 16percentile no more thanless than
- 17at leastgreater than
- 18z scoresstandardized score/ # of standard deviations away from the mean
how large or small a data pt. is relative to its data set - 19standard deviationspread that goes with mean
"average" or typical" amount a data point is away from the mean - 20experimentResearchers manipulate a factor (explanatory var, independent var, casual predictor, control) to determine the effect on the response var. (dependent)
- 21extraneousnot of interest in the study
- 22confoundednoncontrolled factor in the study
- 23observational studiesno cause and effect shows links, extraneous var might be present
ex: shark attacks and ice cream sales
extraneous var: hot temperature - 24surveybias can occur when your sample is not representative of the population
- 25selection biaspart of pop systematically excluded
ex. internet survey, ppl w/o internet never got a chance - 26measurement/response biasmethod produces values systematically different from the truth
- 27measurementbadly calibrated scale. easy to fix
- 28responsesurvey worded in a way to illicit response, lie about illegal/immoral behavior
- 29non response biasselect a sample but can't get all the data- try to follow up with interviews
-expensive
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- Fichas sobre math 220 test 1 , creado por Olivia Teall el 17/09/2019.
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- Olivia Teall
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