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Midterm 2
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- 1Atmospheric circulation-When air expands (rises), it cools; less dense; the temps drop
-When air sinks (compresses), it warms - 2Red flag warningmeans warm temperatures, very low humidities, and stronger winds are expected to combine to produce an increased risk of fire danger
- 3Adiabatic heatingare those in which there is no net heat transfer between a system and its surrounding environment (e.g., the product of pressure and volume remains constant). Because it is a gas, air undergoes adiabatic heating and cooling as it experiences atmospheric pressure changes associated with changing altitudes. Increasing pressure adiabatically heats air masses, falling pressures allow air to expand and cool.
- 4What are some properties of the atmosphere?-The lower part of the atmosphere is called the troposphere
-The upper part of the atmosphere is the stratosphere - 5troposphere-everything below the tropopause
-Planes, jets, etc.
-Weather, clouds, etc. - 6Stratosphere-Can’t breathe; not enough O2
-Where the ozone layer is
-The temp rises in the stratosphere because ozone is a greenhouse gas (trapping infrared radiation) - 7Composition and properties of the Atmosphere:nitrogen= about 78%
oxygen= about 21%
argon= about .9%
Carbon dioxide = about .033% - 8major components of the atmosphereN2, O2, Argon
- 9trace componentsCO2; GHG
- water vapor; GHG
-methane (CH4); GHG
-chlorofluorocarbons (CFC); GHG
- ozone (O3); GHG - 10What is a trace component?They are called trace gases because they exist in small amounts.
- 11ozone-Greenhouse gas
-UV absorber; protects life on the planet from being bombarded from rays of space/sun - 12How does the greenhouse effect work?-Are gases that have the ability to absorb infrared radiation; CO2,CH4, N2O, O3, H20
- 13infrared band...
- 14What does it mean when the planet is in delicate balance?-The amount of incoming radiation balances with the amount of outgoing radiation
-Before the industrial revolution, the energy coming in was balanced with how much is put out
However after the indust. Rev. , the amount of energy coming in hasnt changed, but now we are trapping more energy in - 15Does every location of Earth receive the same amount of energy?-Tropics are warmer than the poles
-Having uneven solar heating - 16Coriolis effectthe observed deflection of a moving object, caused by the moving frame of reference on the spinning earth
- as air warms and expands and rises at the equator, it moves toward the pole but instead of traveling in a straight path, the air is deflected - 17deflection examples-in the northern hemisphere air turns to the right
- in the southern hemisphere air turns to the left
ex: an object at the equator moves faster than an object at latitude of buffalo to make a complete rotation in 24 hours - 18Weatheris the day to day changes in atmospheric circulation patterns
- 19climateis the averaging of weather over many years
- 20Uneven solar heating and latitudeBecause the Earth’s sfc is curved, the amount of solar energy that strikes the planet per square meter, decreases towards the poles
- 21Why do we get seasons?We get seasons because of Earth’s axial tilt
-23.5 degrees relative to the plain of the earth moving around the sun; is the max north or south that the sun is directly overhead
-Southern hemisphere summer, northern hemisphere winter - 22equinoxthe time or date (twice each year) at which the sun crosses the celestial equator, when day and night are of equal length (about September 22 and March 20
- 23Simple non-rotating earthwarm air rises, cold air sinks- should result in air moving north and south
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- Fichas sobre Midterm 2, creado por Samantha Ruelas el 22/10/2019.
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- Samantha Ruelas
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