Fichas
Chemistry Definitions
Fichas del conjunto (37)
- 1AcidSpecies that is a Proton Donor
- 2Activation EnergyMinimum energy required to start a reaction by the breaking of bonds
- 3Alicyclic HydrocarbonHydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined in a ring structure
- 4Aliphatic HydrcarbonHydrocarbon with carbons joined in a straight or branched chain
- 5AlkaliA base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions
- 6Atom EconomyMolecular mass of
desired product
-------------------------------------------------- X 100
Sum of molecular masses of
all products - 7Atomic orbitalRegion in atom which can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins
- 8Average Bond EnthalpyThe average enthalpy change that takes place when breaking by homolytic fission, one mole of a given type of bond in the molecules of a gaseous species
- 9CarbanionOrganic ion in which a carbon atom has a negative charge
- 10CarbocationOrganic ion in which a carbon atom has a positive charge
- 11ConcentrationAmount of solute in mol, per 1dm3 (1000cm3) of solution:
n=CxV(dm3)
C=n/V(dm3) - 12CrackingBreaking down of long chain saturated hydrocarbons to form a mixture of shorter chained alkanes and alkenes
- 13Delocalised ElectronsElectrons shared between more than 2 atoms
- 14E/Z isomerismType of stereo-isomerism in which different groups attached to each carbon of a C=C bond may be arranged differently in space due to restricted rotation of the C=C bond
- 15Electron ShieldingRepulsion between electrons in different shells. Shielding reduces net attractive force from the nucleus on the outer shell electrons
- 16Electrophilic AdditionAddition reaction
Electrophile attracted to electron-rich centre or atom
Accepts a pair of electrons to form a covalent bond - 17Empirical FormulaSimplest whole ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
- 18Endothermic ReactionEnthalpy of products is greater than that of the reactants resulting in heat being taken in from the surroundings
- 19Exothermic ReactionEnthalpy is greater in reactants than products resulting in heat being given out to surroundings
- 20Standard Enthalpy Change of CombustionThe enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a substance combusts completely with oxygen under standard conditions.
- 21Standard Enthalpy change of FormationStandard change of enthalpy when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states
- 22Enthalpy cycleA diagram showing alternative routes between reactants and products
- 23EsterificationReaction between an alcohol and c carboxylic acid to produce an ester and water
- 24Functional groupPart of a organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions
- 25Giant covalent latticeThree dimensional structure of atoms bonded together by strong covalent bonds
- 26Giant ionic latticeThree dimensional structure of oppositely charged ions bonded together by ionic bonds
- 27Hess' LawIf a reaction can take place by more than one route and the initial and final conditions are the same, the total enthalpy change is the same for each route
- 28IonA positively or negatively charged atom or (covalently bonded) group of atoms (molecular ion)
- 29Ionic bondElectrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
- 30Le Chatelier's PrincipleWhen a system in dynamic equilibrium is subject to change, the position of the equilibrium shifts to minimise the change
- 31Lone pairouter shell pair of electrons not involved in chemical bonding
- 32Metallic BondElectrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
- 33Nomenclaturesystem of naming compounds
- 34Percentage YieldActual amount, in mol
of product
--------------------------------- x 100
Theoretical amount, in mol
of product - 35Radical SubstitutionSubstitution reaction where a radical replaces a different atom or group of atoms
- 36StereoisomersCompounds with same structural formula but with a different arrangement of atoms in space
- 37VolatilityThe ease with which a liquid turns into a gas
Información
- Descripción
- A-Level Chemistry Fichas sobre Chemistry Definitions, creado por Charlotte Lyon-Tiger el 10/02/2015.
- Creado por
- Charlotte Lyon-Tiger
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