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Caregiver-infant interactions: reciprocity and synchrony
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- 1ReciprocityA description of how two people interact; mother-infant interaction is reciprocal in that both infant and mother respond to each other's signals and each elicits a response from the other; involves close attention to each other's verbal signals and facial expressions
- 2Interactional synchronyMother and infant reflect both the actions and emotions of the other and do this in a coordinated way
- 3Meltzof and Moore- They observed the beginnings of interactional synchrony in infants as young as 2 weeks old
- An adult displayed 1 of 3 facial expressions or 1 of 3 distinctive gestures and the child's response was filmed
- An association was found between the expression/gesture and the action of the child - 4Why is synchrony important?It provides the necessary foundation for the mother and infant connection which can be built upon in subsequent years
- 5Isabella et al.- Observed 30 mothers and infants together and assessed the degree of synchrony and the quality of mother-infant attachment
- They found high levels of synchrony were associated with better quality mother-infant attachment e.g. emotional intensity of relationship - 6When does reciprocal interaction tend to be increasingly frequent?From around 3 months
- 7Brazleton et al.Described reciprocal interaction as a 'dance' because it is just like a couple's dance where each partner responds to each other's moves
- 8Caregiver-infant interactions eval. 1S - Research uses well-controlled procedures
- Interactions usually filmed, often from multiple angles; fine details of behaviour can be recorded and analysed later
- Babies don't know they're being observed so their behaviour doesn't change in response to observation
- Good validity - 9Caregiver-infant interactions eval. 2L - Socially sensitive research
- Suggests children may be disadvantaged by certain child-rearing practises
- Specifically, mothers who return to work shortly after child is born restrict opportunities for achieving interactional synchrony
- Suggests mothers should not return to work so soon which has obvious socially sensitive implications - 10Role of the father eval. 1L - Researchers are interested in different questions
- Some want to understand role of father as secondary attachment figure but others are more concerned with father as primary attachment figure
- Former tend to see fathers as behaving differently from mothers but the latter have found that fathers can take on a 'maternal' role
- Limitation because it means psychologists cannot easily answer question 'what is the role of the father?' - 11Role of the father eval. 2S - Research has important economic implications
- Mothers feel pressured to stay at home because of research that says
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- Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por Megan Goodwin el 19/11/2019.
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