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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| Replication | repeating research to determine the extent to which findings generalize across time/situations |
| Why must scientific findings be replicable? | to avoid false positives and to allow findings to become a part of trusted scientific knowledge |
| false positives | test results which wrongly indicate that a finding is true |
| replication crisis | the problem in many sciences (esp. psych) in which many credited studies are found to not be replicable, suggesting original research was sloppy/faked |
| types of replication | - exact replication - conceptual replication |
| exact replication | attempt to exactly recreate scientific methods used in earlier studies |
| conceptual replication | attempt to confirm previous studies using different methods that test the same idea i.e. same hypothesis, different methods/measures. |
| why is conceptual replication useful? | because it tests if findings are replicable AS WELL AS in which conditions they occur |
| examples of non-replication in psych | - "metaphorical priming" - power posing - marshmallow test - plate size and portion control - Zimbardo and Milgram |
| Why does non-replication occur in psych? | - the scientists attempting replication may not be skilled enough to carry it out - results may be faked - small sample size - statistically insignificant results due to chance - findings may only be true for some people in some circumstances (not universal) - quality of replication: may have made error |
| solutions to replication crisis | - create outlets where replication attempts are recorded - encourage scientists to replicate earlier work (this is often discourage because it doesn't represent original thinking" |
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