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Hot Deserts
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- 1Describe the climate in a hot desert.Less than 250mm rain per year, when it rains varies a lot, hot in day, cold at night
- 2Describe the soil in a hot desert.Shallow, little leaf fall so not very fertile, dry due to lack of rainfall
- 3Describe the plants in a hot desert.Sparse due to lack of rain, cacti, many have a short life cycle (only appearing when it rains)
- 4Describe the animals in a hot desert.Adapted to environment, snakes, mammals mainly small, nocturnal, most birds leave during harsh conditions
- 5Describe the people in a hot desert.Grow crops in desert fringes where there are wells, indigenous people travel in search of food and water for their herds
- 6How do plants and animals depend on each other in a hot desert.Plants provide nutrients to animals that eat them, animals spread seeds through faeces which helps plants reproduce
- 7Why do plants struggle to grow in hot deserts?Soil salty due to high evaporation, low in nutrients due to little decomposition of dead plant material
- 8How may humans be bad for plants and animals in hot deserts?People have to artificially water land to grow crops, draw unsustainable amounts of water from wells, lowers level of water underground for plants, animals depend on plants
- 9How can cattle overgrazing vegetation be bad for deserts?Less plants to bind soil together, more soil erosion, wind blows sand away, clouds of dust in atmosphere, reduce rainfall, make deserts drier
- 10How is biodiversity threatened in a hot desert?Humans increase desertification, overuse/contaminate water supplies, global warming forcing some animals to find cooler areas, species who don't have anywhere also to go at risk of extinction
- 11How are plant roots adapted to hot deserts?Long to reach deep water supplies or spread out near surface to catch water when it rains
- 12How are plant stems / skin adapted to hot deserts?Large, fleshy stems store water and thick waxy skin reduces water loss from transpiration
- 13Why do plants have spines instead of leaves in a hot desert?Stops animals eating them, low surface area to reduce water loss from transpiration
- 14How are a plants seeds adapted to a hot desert?Only germinate when it rains, only grow when there's enough water to survive
- 15How are desert animals adapted to living in hot deserts?Nocturnal to stay cool in day, large SA to lose heat from, able to tolerate high body temp, get all the water they need from what they eat
- 16What is the Thar Desert like? (include location)Home to nearly 30 million, most populated desert in the world, 1/2 million visitors per year, north west India, between India and Pakistan, near Tropic of Cancer
- 17List the opportunities in the Thar Desert.Tourism, energy, farming, mineral extraction
- 18How is tourism an opportunity in the Thar Desert?Brings money into economy, people act as tour guides, look after camels, eg Jaisalmer
- 19How is energy an opportunity in the Thar Desert?Jaisalmer is the largest wind turbine farm in India, provides renewable electricity to the Northern regional electricity grid
- 20How is farming an opportunity in the Thar Desert?Many subsistence farmers, camel milk good for lactose intolerant people, ditches used so rainwater collects and grasses can grow
- 21How is mineral extraction an opportunity in the Thar Desert?Stores of gypsum, minerals from Thar Desert used all over India and transported over the world
- 22List the challenges in the Thar Desert.Extreme temperatures, inaccessibility, water supply
- 23How are extreme temperatures a challenge in the Thar Desert?Exceed 50 degrees C in summer, hard for farmers to work, plants and animals have to adapt to conditions, makes it harder to contain water as it evaporates
- 24How is inaccessibility a problem in the Thar Desert?Limited road networks, travel by camels, travel by overladen buses (releases emissions)
- 25How is water supply a problem in the Thar Desert?Population grows, farming industry grows, high temperatures mean high evaporation, less water means more vulnerable to pollution
- 26How much of world at risk of desertification and where?1/3 of world's land surface at risk of desertification, mainly at borders of existing deserts
- 27How does climate change cause desertification?1)Less rain, less plants, plant roots can't hold soil together so get soil erosion 2)High, more water evaporates, soil drier, plants die, roots can't hold soil, get soil erosion
- 28List the human activities that cause desertification.Removal of fuel wood, overgrazing, over-cultivation, population growth
- 29How does removal of fuel wood cause desertification?Need wood for fuel for cooking, removes trees, soil exposed, more easily eroded
- 30How does overgrazing cause desertification?Eat plants faster than they grow, less plants, more soil erosion, trampling by animals erodes soil
- 31How does overcultivation cause desertification?Planting crops in same area, nutrients used up, plants can no longer grow there, soil erosion
- 32How does population growth cause desertification?More removal of fuel wood, overgrazing and overcultivation
- 33In what ways can we reduce the risk of desertification?Water management, soil management, tree planting, appropriate technology
- 34How does water management help reduce desertification?Grow crops that don't need much water, drip irrigation on crops instead of surface irrigation, soil not eroded by loads of water added in one go
- 35How does soil management help reduce desertification?Leave land to rest between planting so can recover nutrients, planting crops that use different nutrients from soil so not same nutrients removed, compost to add extra nutrients
- 36How can appropriate technology help reduce desertification?Uses sustainable materials easy for local people to maintain, using solar cookers reduces deforestation (use sun's energy, don't need fuel wood to work)
- 37What is an impact of dry soil in a hot desert?Easily eroded, form dust clouds which inhibit rainfall
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- GCSE Geography Fichas sobre Hot Deserts, creado por Sophie Howe el 05/02/2021.
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- Sophie Howe
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