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Development, population pyramids and Nigeria economy

Sophie Howe Inglés 64 fichas

Fichas del conjunto (64)

  1. 1How do the World Bank use GNI to measure development?They use four different levels of income to divide the countries into high, upper-middle, lower-middle and low
  2. 2What does the HDI aim to show?How far people are benefiting from a country's economic growth?
  3. 3What measures do the United Nations use to produce the HDI?Life expectancy at birth, number of years of education and GNI per head
  4. 4What is an advantage of HDI as a way of measuring development?Expressed in values from 0-1 so countries can be clearly ranked, combines social and economic factors so is more useful
  5. 5What can economic and social measures not give us an accurate idea of?An individual's quality of life, they can only measure standard of living for whole countries
  6. 6On a population pyramid, what does it mean if the graph is wide at the bottom?There is a high proportion of young people in the population
  7. 7In a population pyramid, what do short bars indicate?High death rates
  8. 8What does a stage 1 DTM population pyramid look like?This
  9. 9What does a stage 2 DTM population pyramid look like?This
  10. 10What does a stage 3 DTM population pyramid look like?This
  11. 11What does a stage 4 DTM population pyramid look like?This
  12. 12What does a stage 5 DTM population pyramid look like?This
  13. 13What are the disadvantages of aid?Can be wasted by corrupt governments, projects can stop working when money runs out if there isn't enough local knowledge to keep it going
  14. 14What is the population of Jamaica?2.7 million
  15. 15What is the population of Nigeria?Over 182 million, largest population of any African country
  16. 16What is bad about the north of Nigeria?There is a threat from the Islamist group Boko Haram
  17. 17What has increased employment in oil production and manufacturing in Nigeria?Industrialisation and economic growth (secondary sector) under a stable government
  18. 18What is the primary sector?Harvesting raw materials eg farming
  19. 19What is the secondary sector?Changing the raw material into a useful product, also manufacturing eg processing food
  20. 20What is the tertiary sector?Jobs that provide a service to people, also called service sector eg teachers
  21. 21What is the quaternary sector?Providing information services eg computing
  22. 22In what ways in quality of life in Nigeria due to economic development not affected everyone?Many still poor, limited access to services, Nigeria's oil wealth hasn't been used effectively so gap between rich and poor has got wider
  23. 23Why will Nigeria's over - dependence on oil become a problem in the future?Price of oil has fallen, developments of shale oil elsewhere
  24. 24What are the effects of denidustrialisation?Negative multiplier effect, smaller businesses that supplied heavy industries closed (Coventry Car Industry), loss of jobs, rise in unemployment
  25. 25What is deindustrialisation?Decline in secondary industry and growth in tertiary and quaternary
  26. 26What is globalisation?The growth and spread of ideas around the world
  27. 27Globalisation has been a cause of the changes in the UK economy. What are the causes of globalisation?Developments in transport, communications (internet)
  28. 28What happened to Coventry's car industry?It declined which led to loss of jobs and smaller companies which fed off the car industry being affected
  29. 29What is a post-industrial economy?A post-industrial economy is where manufacturing industry declines to be replaced by growth in the service and quaternary sector
  30. 30What factors have led to the UK moving into a post - industrial economy?Information technology (IT), research and service industries and finance
  31. 31Out of the Outer Hebrides and Cambridgeshire, which is rural/urban and which is experiencing population growth/decline?Both rural, South Cambridgeshire experiencing population growth, Outer Hebrides experiencing population decline
  32. 32What are the social effects of population growth in South Cambridgeshire?80% car ownership, modern developments on edges of villages, young people can't afford housing cost
  33. 33What are the economic effects of population growth in South Cambridgeshire?Reduction in agricultural employment, lack of affordable housing, some of highest petrol prices in country, increasing number of migrants from poor parts of Europe puts pressure on services
  34. 34What are the social effects of population decline in the Outer Hebrides?Number of school children expected to fall, young people move so fewer people of working age, future care issues
  35. 35What are the economic effects of population decline in the Outer Hebrides?UK and Scottish governments provide subsidies, struggle to maintain economy, services closing, main farming economy is breeding sheep on crofts, most crofts can only provide work for up to 2 days per week
  36. 36What does HS2 aim to do?Between London and north, aim to develop north by making transport there faster, may do opposite, transport to London also faster, people can live in north and commute to London for work (won't reduce north-south divide)
  37. 37What does HS2 connect?Connects London with Birmingham and then to Sheffield, Leeds and Manchester
  38. 38What are the advantages of HS2?Environmental impact mitigated by green tunnels and tree planting, takes travel away from short distance air-travel which leaves a lower carbon footprint, encourages more people to go by train, relieves gridlock in city centres
  39. 39What are the disadvantages of HS2?£50 billion cost, people's homes in way of where track will be laid so have to be given compensation to move homes, environmental costs of building new line through the Chilterns
  40. 40Why are airports important?Create vital global links, provide jobs, boost economic growth both regionally and nationally
  41. 41How would the new airport at Heathrow be funded?Entirely privately
  42. 42Where is the north-south divide located?Runs from the Bristol Channel, separates Gloucester, Leicester, Lincoln and London in the south from Birmingham, Nottingham and Hull in the north
  43. 43How does the UK have global links?Trade, culture, transport, electronic communications and television
  44. 44How does the UK link with the wider world through trade?UK's most important trading links are with the EU, as a single market goods can be traded without tariffs, USA is important historic trading partner, recent growth in trade with China
  45. 45How does the UK link with the wider world through culture?UK has strong cultural links with many parts of world, accepts people from many countries, migrants bring culture to UK eg films - Bollywood from India, food - Chinese, fashion, music
  46. 46How does the UK link with the wider world through television?One of UK's most successful media exports, has accounted for over £1.28 billion of export earnings, main markets are English speaking countries
  47. 47How does the UK link to the rest of the world through transport?London Heathrow is one of busiest airports in world, people transfer between flights within Europe and worldwide, transport links between UK and mainland Europe via Channel Tunnel, Southampton is port for cruise liners, takes tourists to destinations eg Mediterranean
  48. 48How does the UK link to the rest of the world through electronic communications?Most internet traffic passes along a network of submarine cables, UK is focus for these submarine cables, connections are concentrated between the UK and USA,
  49. 49What benefits has the EU bought to the UK?Sends money to UK to help disadvantaged reasons eg north-east, EU is biggest single market in world which has helped UK develop
  50. 50What disadvantages has the EU bought to the UK?Sets some laws on environmental controls which can be restrictive for people/companies, high unemployment in poorer EU countries eg Eastern Europe has led to mass migration of workers to UK
  51. 51Where is the EU capital and what is the problem with it?Many people think the EU capital in Brussels is becoming too influential in making laws which affect the UK
  52. 52What would membership of the EU give to UK citizens and businesses?Access to a large market without trade or political barriers
  53. 53What does the Commonwealth focus on?Human rights, social and economic development, improving the well being of everyone in Commonwealth countries
  54. 54Do the Commonwealth meet?The heads of each country meet every 2 years
  55. 55How are the UK and the Commonwealth linked?Trading and cultural links, sporting connections eg Commonwealth Games held every 4 years
  56. 56What are the reasons for the north-south divideGrowth of post-industrial service industries has mostly benefited south, decline of heavy industry has had greater negative impact on north (deindustrialisation in north)
  57. 57How has heavy industry declining had a greater negative impact on the north?During Industrial Revolution, UK's growth centred on the coalfields in Wales (northern England), heavy industry thrived, since 1970s many industries have declined, alternative sources of energy have reduced importance of coalfields, modern industries have located elsewhere
  58. 58How has the growth of service industries benefited the South?London is major global financial centre, has grown faster than rest of UK
  59. 59What are the methods of reducing the north-south divide?Creating local enterprise partnerships, northern powerhouse, use of local councils in the north of England, HS2
  60. 60How can creating local enterprise partnerships help reduce the north-south divide?Aim to identify business needs in the local areas and encourage companies to invest so jobs will be created which boosts the local economy
  61. 61Who is a local enterprise partnership (LEP) between?Between local authorities and businesses
  62. 62Discuss an example of a local enterprise partnership (LEP).Lancashire has a tradition of industry and manufacturing based on textiles and engineering, deindustrialisation meant factory closures, job losses, recent growth in manufacturing has been based on development of aeronautical engineering, Lancashire LEP will promote new businesses, create 50,000 new jobs by 2023
  63. 63How can the use of local councils in the north of England help reduce the north-south divide?The councils can provide money that can be used on schemes they feel will best help the development of the area
  64. 64How can the northern powerhouse help reduce the north-south divide?By attracting investment into the north and improving transport links between northern cities, developing economies of major cities in northern England eg Liverpool, tourism, food and energy are to be developed in rural areas

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Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por Sophie Howe el 04/03/2021.
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Sophie Howe
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