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animal training midterm
Fichas del conjunto (47)
- 1what is an antecedent?Conditions that immediately precede the behavior that are functionally related to it occurring
- 2what is a consequence?Events that occur immediately after the behavior that are functionally related to the behavior
- 3what is behavior?anything an animal does that can be observed and measured
- 4what is learning?a change in behavior due to experience
- 5what is the law of effect?behavior is a function of its consequences
- 6define environmentevery aspect of an individual and his or her surroundings
- 7what is stimuli?any environmental event or condition that can influence behavior
- 8what is classical conditioning?A neutral stimulus is linked to a stimulus that already elicits that response to make the neutral stimuli also elicit the response
ex pavlov - 9what is operant conditioning?A form of learning in which behavior becomes more or less probable based on the consequence of that
behavior
ex B.F. Skinner - 10what is reinforcement?a consequence that increases the probability a behavior will occur again
- 11what is a reinforcer?the actual stimulus that follows a behavior and causes an increase in the behavior
- 12primary reinforcera stimulus that has inherent value to an animal, ex: food
- 13secondary reinforcera stimulus that holds value because it is linked to a primary reinforcer, ex: clicker (before giving food)
- 14what is a bridgea reinforcer that can be given at the exact moment that the desired behavior is given to bridge the time gap between behavior and primary reinforcer
- 15who is clever Hansa horse that got good at reading anticipation in human faces to tell when he was getting close to the right answer in a math problem
- 16continuous reinforcement scheduledo thing, get reinforcer- evrey time
provides info!
1:1 ratio - 17intermittent reinforcement scheduledo thing, sometimes get reinforcer
provides little info, but maintains behavior in repertoire over long period of time - 18extinction eventthe elimination of a behavior due to it no longer yielding the reinforcer / reinforcement is withheld
1:0 ratio - 19extinction burstthe increase in a behavior on the brink of extinction in frequency and or intensity before extinguishing
- 20Matching lawanimals tend to offer behaviors that are more reinforcing to them
- 21superstitious behavioran unwanted or unnecessary behavior that has been unintentionally linked to a reinforced desired behavior often due to bad reinforcer delivery timing
- 22repetition builds...?confidence!!
- 23positive reinforcementa consequence of a behavior that increases the likelihood of it occurring again
- 24negative reinforcementa consequence of a behavior that decreases the likelihood of it occurring again
removing smth of value or escaping aversive stimuli - 25punishmentthe process of providing a consequence that decreases likelihood a behavior will reoccur
- 26positive punishment negative punishmentpunishment that adds aversive stimuli to the environment
punishment that removes something of value form the environment
both result in reduced behavior - 27punishment does not...result in predictable behavioral changes - doesn't tell animal what to do, only what not to do!
- 28detrimental side effects of aversive stimuli use- escape avoidance behavior towards keepers
- increased aggression
- overgeneralized aversion to environment/ anxiety
- apathy / overall behavior reduction - 29learned helplessnessan animal giving up in the face of inescapable aversive stimuli
- 30floodingpresenting an inescapable aversive stimulus in hopes of desensitizing an animal to it
don't wanna do this, habituate them instead - 31habituationdecreasing intensity of a response through repetitive exposure to a stimulus
- 32counter conditioninglinking a positive reinforcer to an aversive stimulus to modify unwanted reactions, ex: see people, give food, reduced aggression
- 33DRIdifferential reinforcement of incompatible behavior-
reinforcing behavior that cant occur while unwanted behavior is also occurring - 34DRAdifferential reinforcement of alternate behavior-
reinforcing different but not incompatible behavior - 35DROdifferential reinforcement of other behavior-
reinforcement delivered to anything but unwanted behavior - 36shapingreinforcing successive approximations of a behavior to reach a goal behavior
- 37successive approximationsanytime an animal gets closer to the desired behavior
- 3810 laws of shaping 1-51. raise criteria in small increments
2. train 1 aspect at a time
3. put current level of response onto variable schedule before raising bar
4. when introducing new criteria relax old ones temporarily
5. plan ahead of subject - 3910 laws of shaping 6-106. dont change trainers midway through
7. find another shaping procedure if one isn't working
8. don't interrupt training if possible
9. if behavior deteriorates restart with easier criteria
10. end each session on a high note - 40target trainingteaching an animal to follow or touch an object
- 41modelinganimal learns by watching another
- 42capturingreinforcing an uncued behavior to put it onto a cue
- 43baitingshowing animal reinforcer to lure them into a behavior
- 44promptsanything other than the final cue to encourage a behavior
fade them out!! - 45backward chaining forwards chainingthe last behavior in a chain is reinforced and you add links backwards to first behavior
the first behavior is reinforced and you add successive links after it - 46generalizationwhen a behavior is preformed outside the original simuli
- 47attention spanthe length of time an animal is willing to behave for what you are offering
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- Fichas sobre animal training midterm, creado por Sebastian Goth el 22/02/2022.
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- Sebastian Goth
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