Fichas
C2 - Ionic Compounds and Analysis
Fichas del conjunto (13)
- 1How do atoms become chemically stable?All atoms (except Hydrogen) accept or donate electrons to or from other atoms to get the maximum number of electrons in their outer shell.
- 2What is an Ionic Bond? What is a compound Ion?Where electrons are completely transferred from a metal atom to a non-metal atom, forming electrically charged ions.
Where a group of atoms of different elements form Ions, such as negatively charged NO₃⁻ - 3What are the rules of naming Metal Compounds?1. Metals name is written first
2. Ending is -ide if single non-metal present
3. Ending is -ate is 2 non-metals are present, one of which is Oxygen - 4What are the properties of Ionic Compounds?High melting and boiling points due to strong electrostatic forces of attraction holding the ions together
They conduct electricity when molten or in solution because the charged ions are free to move between electrodes, acting as a current. - 5What Ionic Compounds are soluble?-All Group 1 Carbonates compounds
-All Nitrate Compounds
-Most chloride and sulfate compounds
-All alkalis - 6What Ionic Compounds are insoluble?-Silver and Lead Halides
-Sulfates of Lead, Barium and Calcium
-Most Carbonate and Hydroxide compounds - 7What is a precipitation reaction?The formation of an insoluble solid (precipitate) when two solutions are mixed
- 8What is the difference between Barium Salts and Barium Sulfate?BARIUM SALTS
Toxic if ingested
Soluble so can be absorbed by body
BARIUM SULFATES
Non-toxic
Insoluble (sulfate of Barium, Lead, Calcium) - 9What is the test for Chloride Ions?Add Dilute Nitric Acid and Silver Nitrate solution to a solution of the Ionic Substance.
A precipitate of Silver Chloride will form of chloride Ions are present - 10What is the test for Sulfate Ions? (Compound Ion)Add Dilute HCl then add Barium Chloride solution to the Sulfate Compound.
A white precipitate will form. - 11What is the test for Carbonate Ions? (Compound Ion)React the substance with a dilute acid. If Carbonate Ions are present, CO₂ will be released. Bubble the CO₂ through Limewater to test for it.
- 12What colour do Metal Compounds burn in a flame?Barium (Ba²⁺) = Green
Sodium (Na⁺) = Yellow
Potassium (K⁺) = Lilac
Calcium (Ca²⁺) = Orange
Copper (Cu²⁺) = Blue-Green
Lithium (Li⁺) = Red - 13How do you carry out a flame test?Make a paste of the solid compound with a small amount of HCl.
Put the end of the test Nichrome Wire in HCl then in the blue litmus flame to clean it.
Then put it in the paste and into the flame to test it.