Fichas
Sin título
Fichas del conjunto (21)
- 1US National Survey on Drug Use And Health 2002; What was done?A month analysis on drug use covering ages 12-65 +
- 2US National Survey on Drug Use And Health 2002; When the dependency peak? And when does it decline?Between the ages of 16-25 and decline following 30 years
- 3US National Survey on Drug Use And Health 2002; What is shown with alcoholAlcohol dependency peaks at a similar age, between 16-25 however, has a shallower decrease than drugs
- 4US National Survey on Drug Use And Health 2002; What is shown with tobaccoAgain, the age dependency peaks at the similar age as drugs and alcohol however the decline is much more shallower.
- 5World drug report 2010; What % of the population make up drug users?5%
- 6World drug report 2010; Of the % drug users, how many become drug dependent? Of the % of drug users, how many become recreational users?20% dependent
and 80% recreational - 7World drug report 2010 How many problem drug users are there between 15years-64 yearsbetween 16-38 million persons
- 8The US national comorbidity survey (1990-1992) ; Where does the 20% derive from?13.4% of individuals who have taken a drug will become dependent, however to account for the dependent individuals who will not complete the survey, the rule of thumb of 20% is applied.
- 9HAWKINS ET AL 1992 (way to remember - a hawk has two wings and two feet; 4) What factors does Hawkins believer to predict initial use?Society : law enforcements, tax, sales, cultural norms
Community : availability of the drug, neighbourhood disorganisation, prevalence
Family : associations with parents and siblings, criminality within the family, extreme poverty, poor parenting, broken home, psychiatric illness, and poor attachment
Self : self expectancies, temperament, psychiatric syndrome - 10KENDLER et al (2013) (way to remember - kindle "real people") When is the relative risk of becoming dependent higher, with reference to demographic details?When the same sex sibling is also dependent
If the dependent sibling is within 0-4 years of the age of the individual
If the dependent sibling is older - 11How can the demographic factors of dependency be explained in terms of VYGOTSKYS zone of proximal development?In Vygotskys' theory, the zone of proximal development refers to the distance between the actual development as determined by the individual's capability and the level of potential development as determined through a more capable peer of adult guidance.
This can explain the demographic factors as, the potential development is evident in older peers, and in terms of drug dependence, this can be detrimental if the older, more developed sibling is dependent themselves. - 12SHEN ET AL 2001 What methodology was used?Shen et al 2001 interviewed 8-18 years olds who were from high or low risk families. Interviews took place at two different intervals, three years a part from each other
- 13SHEN ET AL 2001 What was found?That high risk offspring's possessed higher positive expectations about alcohol, that they drank more alcohol and that initial intake began at a younger age than those form low risk families.
- 14SHEN ET AL 2001 What does the study illustrate with regards to expectancies?That the parents beliefs and transmit onto the child, and thus confers the early onset drinking risks, the dependency and frequency of the alcohol.
This is especially so for at the age of 13 in terms of Shens study. - 15CAMPBELL & OEI (2010) (parent) What can be concluded ?That the observation of parental drinking habits contributes to the child's belief and expectation of the alcohol effects. Thus this is an intergenerational transference of alcohol use behaviour.
- 16TARTER et al 2003 (way to remember- tarter-tempa) What did they examine?He examined the adolescent risk for substance use disorder by examining high and low risk traits of dependency prior to the use.
The sample consisted of children aged between 12-18 years. They were either high (dependent parents) or low (non-dependent parents) risk. - 17TARTER et al 2003 What was found?Higher risk individuals had;
- higher disrupted behaviours (as rated by the teachers)
- higher anxiety, depression and neurobehavioral dysregulation ( defiant disorder, ADHD)
- initial use at an earlier age (predicted by their lower levels of emotional and neurobehavioral dysregulation. Prior research has shown that dysregulation of emotion and cognition predict early age onset.
- lacking cognition as demonstrated in cognitive tasks such as the stroop, block design test and IQ test - 18CHRISTLE et al 1998 Psychiatric prodome What was investigated?Whether anxiety and depression is a prexisting risk factor of dependence.
- 19CHRISTLE et al 1998 What was found?That major depressive episodes or anxiety disorder are twice as likely to develop substance abuse or dependence
- 20CHRISTLE et al 1998 What does this mean?Psychiatric prodrome, denoting to an early symptom indicating the onset of a disease or illness, are at higher risk of dependence. This is important to remember.
- 21Medium age for psychiatric Anxiety disorder? Depression? Drug dependence? Alcohol dependence?15 years
24 years
19 years
21 years
Información
- Descripción
- Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por kayleighwatts16 el 13/04/2016.
- Creado por
- kayleighwatts16 · abr 2016
- Actualizado
- 14 abr 2016
- Visitas
- 0
- Valoración