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Aggression Unit 2
Fichas del conjunto (18)
- 1What is aggression ?Aggression is physical or verbal behaviour that is aimed at harming other people.
- 2What are the Biological Mechansisms that make us aggressive.Hormones
Chromosomal abnormality
Parts of the brain the ( Limbic System or Prefrontal Cortex ) - 3What is the biological cause of aggression.Males have much more testosterone than females.
Chromosmal abdomality = Males have an Extra Y chromosome (xyy)
Abdomalities in the brain / brain damage affecting the limbic system or the prefrontal cortex. - 4According to the biological explanation how could aggression be reduced ?Use drugs, for example for people with ADHD Ritalin stimulates activity in the brain and reduces aggression.
Psychosurgery - An operation on the brain to remove or destroy the part that is causing abnormal behaviour. For example inserting a probe to a very precise location and burning the nerves. Protection from harm , could cause permanent damage. - 5Explain the psychodynamic explanations of Freuds theory the cause ?The personality is made up of three components of the unconscious :
. ID - That controls your instictive pleasure seeking drive. ( The devil ) This is broken into :
. Eros - the life instinct which seeks pleasure through love and sex.
. Thanatos - The death instinct which seeks thrills and pleasure via - risking self-destruction. for example via the use of aggression.
Superego - That is a moral conscious that considers the consequences of our behaviours and the effects of our behaviours on others. ( The angel )
. Ego is the part of the personality stuck in between the ID and Superego and has to decide what behaviours to take part in that would please both. In order to please both and reduce inner conflict it often develops ego defence mechanisms. - 6State and define the two ego defence mechanisms ?Displacement = being aggressive towards a less threatening target. E.G like a little brother rather than a teacher. There are less consequences linked to being aggressive towards the brother.
Sublimation = channelling aggression to a socially acceptable behaviour e.g. Kick boxing. - 7According to the psychodynamic explanation of Freud's theory how could aggression be reduced ?Use sublimation defence mechanism, channel aggression to a socially acceptable behaviour.
Catharsis - Watch violent scenes / TV / films as this gets the aggressive instinct out of the system. - 8Explain the cause of aggresion on the Social Learning Theory ?People imitate behaviours they see others partake in, role models. We watch behaviour of other - vicarious learning. The behaviour is more likely to be copied if the person being observed is rewarded, this causes the behaviour to be reinforced.They are less likely to copy behaviour that the role model is punished for. If they feel good about their own behaviour they will continue to take part in that behaviour.
- 9According to the Social Learning Theory how could aggression be reduced ?Observe more non- aggressive role models.
Ensure role models partaking in aggressive behaviour are punished. - 10What does the prefrontal cortex mean ?The very front of the brain. It is involved in social and moral behaviour and controls aggression.
- 11Define what is meant by Ego Defence Mechanisms ?Behaviour strategies used by the individual to protect itself.
- 12What does vicarious learning mean ?Learning by observation.
- 13What is the Limbic system for ?Controls Emotions , Memories and Arousal.
- 14What is Ritalin ?A drug used to control ( ADHD)
- 15What is meant by psychosurgery ?An operation on the brain to remove or destroy the part that is causing abnormal behaviour.
- 16Define the greek word - Catharsis ?The process of getting rid of your emotions by watching other people experiencing emotion.
- 17Describe a study that investigated aggression ?Bandura et al
Aim = To find out if three - to - six -year-old children would imitate the aggressive behaviour they see roles models performing towards an inflatable "bobo" doll.
Method = Researchers divided 96 children into four groups, three of which were shown someone throwing, Kicking and punching the "bobo" doll. Their own behaviour was then observed.
Results = The children who had witnessed the aggressive behaviour showed more aggressive behaviour than the children who had seen none.
Conclusion = Children will copy how they see others behave . - 18—