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- 1What height is classed as altitude? (1)2500m above sea level (1)
- 2What are the effects of altitude? (3)The reduced pressure creates slower diffusion (1), meaning less oxygen enters the blood stream (2), the body creates more red blood cells (3) to carry oxygen, the increased conc of red blood cells increases performance (4)
- 3What is EPO and what does it do? (2)The hormone which stimulates red blood cell production (1), it increases in the bone marrow production of red blood cells (2)
- 4What are the effects of training at altitude? (3)EPO will create more red blood cells (1), on return to normal pressure, the increased blood concentration will last for 10-14 days (2), also increases levels of myoglobin (3), and the buffering of blood lactate (4)
- 5What are the six phases of altitude training? (6)Acclimatisation phase (1), primary training (2), recovery (3), peak phase (4), progressive return phase (5), positive phase (6)
- 6Explain what happens during the acclimatisation phase and the primary training phase... (4)Acclimatisation - athlete gets used to decrease in oxygen (1), training intensity and length must decrease (2), recovery time must increase (3), last 3-10 days depending on training camp and training frequency (4)
Primary training - between 1-3 weeks (5), a steady progression towards the sea level training intensity occurs (6), as athlete gets used to the climate, the training increases to reflect this (7) - 7Explain what happens during the recovery and the positive phase... (4)Recovery - in preparation for return to sea level, the athlete reduces intensity and volume of training (1), allows them to rest before the sea level return in preparation for competition (2)
Positive phase - in the first 1-4 days of return, the increase in red blood cell conc occurs (3), this is when EPO has kicked in (4) and the conc of blood increases vastly - 8Explain what happens during the progressive and the peak phase... (4)Progressive - a return to sea level training intensity and volume increases (1), can see reduced performance and coordination and fitness levels are lost while at altitude (2), this will recover in a week (3)
Peak phase - after 15-20 days back at sea level, the body is perfectly primed to compete (4), this is the optimal time to take part in competition (5) - 9What is an altitude house and how do athletes utilise them? (2)Houses which have lower concentrations of oxygen in them (1), the athlete lives and sleeps in the house, as if living at altitude (2), they train outside in normal sea level air (3)
- 10What are the positives and negatives of altitude training? (5)Positives - improves performance, (1), improve red blood cell count (2), improves lactate buffering (3), increases myoglobin (4)
Negatives - lots of travel (5), EPO can only increase so much (6), possible waste of training time with all the travelling and phases (7), altitude houses are expensive (8) - 11What is supercompensation? (1)This is when we cause our bodies to strode vast amounts of carbohydrates in muscles and liver (1)
- 12Explain method 1... (3)Athletes would starve themselves of glycogen (1), for three days a week before an event (2) to deplete stores, they would in the final 4 days ingest a huge amount of glycogen to create supercompensation (3), 6-8kg per bodyweight (4), they would also taper their training (5)
- 13What are the negative effects of method 1? (3)Tired/lethargic (1), stuffed with food (2), not wanting to train (3), psychologically damaged prior to competition (4)
- 14Explain method two... (2)Athlete train extremely hard for 3 minutes (1), opening the glycogen stores (2), immediately begin to eat carb rich foods (3), carbo window shuts 20 minutes after training (4)
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- A Levels (Altitude training and glycogen loading) Physical Education A2 - BIOLOGY Fichas sobre Sin título, creado por amyockenden el 08/03/2014.
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