Fichas
Experiments and case studies
Fichas del conjunto (36)
- 1Morris et al (1981).Football fans and scores
- 2Peterson and Peterson(1959) Method.STM duration.Nonsense trigrams.Counting backwards in 3's to prevent rehearsal.
- 3Peterson and Peterson (1959) findings.3 secs = 80% recall
18 secs = >10% recall
Estimates a duration of about 30 secs - 4Baddeley(1966) Method.75 PP's given one of four lists of words.semantically/acoustically similar/dissimilar. Had to rearrange list containing words into correct order. 20 min wait for STM
- 5Baddeley(1966) Results.STM- acoustically similar did worst , 10% recall
LTM- semantically did worst, 55% recall. - 6Baddeley (1966) evaluation .Lab experiment but with more mundane realism than normal as people remember words in day to day life although PP's lack real life motivation
- 7Jacob's digit span (1887) Method.Participants told numbers of a set length to repeat back.Participants get enough right - length increases, else (if 2 numbers wrong), last successful length becomes digit span.
- 8Jacobs digit span (1987) Results .In general 7+-2 items in STM at a given time.7.3 for letters , 9.3 for numbers.
- 9The multi-store model.Atkinson and shiffrin(1968)
- 10Bahrick et al. (1975) Yearbook experiment method.374 PP's aged 17-74 either had free recall or identified photos of 50 people from their yearbook
- 11Bahrick et al.(1975) Yearbook experiment results.Those who left school up to 34 years ago had 90% accuracy in recall.48 years was down to 80%
- 12Clive Wearing.Amnesiac.musician. Viral encephalitis damaged his hippocampus. Lacks LTM except procedural memory.Retains ability to function using only short term memory.
- 13Baddeley and Hitch (1974) The dual task experiment method.Gave PP's a visual reasoning task to do whilst reciting a list of 6 digits.
- 14Baddeley and Hitch(1974) The dual task experiment results.Although slower than if there was no second task present there were very few mistakes. Performance should have been impaired, evidence of many STM stores
- 15KF.Suffered brain injury from a motorbike accident.Poor STM for words presented verbally but not visually.Separate areas
- 16Baddeley et al.(1973) Evidence for the WMM.Tracking task and visual imagery task. Poorer when done together. Competing for visuospatial sketch pad
- 17Baddeley(1996) Evidence for the central executive .PP's had to generate a random number string on keyboard whilst performing another task, like reciting the alphabet, counting up from one or alternating letters and numbers.with second task string became less random- competing for CE resources
- 18Baddeley et al. (1975) Evidence for the visuo-spacial sketchpad.PP's given a visual tracing task at the same time as another task- either describing all the angles in the letter f or a visual task.
Found it more difficult when both tasks were visual - 19Baddeley et al (1987) Evidence for the episodic buffer.PP's were shown words and then repeated them back.recall better on semantically related words, supports idea of a "general" store which draws on LTM
- 20Tulving (1989) Episodic and semantic memory method.6 PP's, including tulving, his wife and a colleague lay on a couch for 2 mins and performed either semantic or episodic retrieval.Radioactive gold was injected at 60secs and the brain was scanned to see golds location
- 21Tulving(1989) Semantic and episodic memory results.3 results inconclusive, other three showed anterior region for episodic memory and posterior region for semantic
- 22Tulving (1989) Semantic and episodic memory evaluation .Small sample size, bias, lab. Supported by brain damaged amnesiacs
- 23Baddeley and Hitch (1977) Interference method.Rugby players tasked to recall the names of teams they recently played-some players had missed games so time since last varied.
- 24Baddeley and Hitch(1977) Interference results.Recall just as good regardless of time since last game , shows forgetting nit due to decay but intervening games
- 25Underwood and postman(1960) Interference.Two groups learned a list of word pairs,eg "cat-tree".One group had to learn a second list with a different word paired as well, eg "cat-paw".Group with one list had more accurate recall
- 26Question TextAnswer Text
- 27Godden and Baddeley(1975) Context dependant forgetting results.Beach/Beach-13.5
Sea/Sea-11.4
Beach/sea-8.6
Sea/beach-8.4
Environment is important to recall - 28Question TextAnswer Text
- 29Question TextAnswer Text
- 30Question TextAnswer Text
- 31Question TextAnswer Text
- 32Question TextAnswer Text
- 33Question TextAnswer Text
- 34Loftus and Palmer(1974) Leading questions A.PP's watched a video of a car crash and were then interviewed with different words used to describe the crash-"contacted,hit, smashed" etc. "contacted" reported avg. 32.8mph, "Hit" 34mph and "smashed" 40.8 mph
- 35Loftus and Palmer(1974) leading questions B.150 PP's saw video of car crash: 50 interviewed with "hit", 50 with "smashed" and 50 were not asked.One week later PP's were asked if broken glass was present at the scene- "smashed" was about twice as likely to report glass as "hit"
- 36The Oklahoma bombing(1995) Post event discussion.After on witness claimed that the man behind the bombing had an accomplice three other witnesses reported seeing him, despite his none existence.
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- Flashcards on Experiments, created by Jonathan Hill on 27/11/2016.
- Creado por
- Jonathan Hill
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