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AQA A Level Physics - Waves
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- 1What are the 2 main types of waves?Transverse and longitudinal
- 2How do longitudinal waves differ from transverse waves?Longitudinal waves oscillate in the direction of propagation, transverse at right angles to the propagation
- 3FrequencyThe number of cycles past a fixed point per second
- 4How do you calculate frequency?f = 1/t
- 5What is displacement?The distance and direction of a particle from the equilibrium position
- 6What is amplitude?The maximum displacement that a particle achieves
- 7What is wavelength?The length of one whole wave, from peak to peak, or trough to trough, or any other possible measuring point
- 8What is the wave equation?v=fλ
- 9What is phase difference?The fraction of a cycle between two waves of the same frequency
- 10What can phase difference be displayed in?Degrees, radians or in reference to wavelength
- 11In phasePD - 0/360 - nλ - or 2π
- 12Anti-phase (A form of not in phase)PD - 180 - nλ/2 - π
- 13Not in phaseAny angle that is not 0, 180, 360
Combinations of π and λ are limitless - 14What are the three components of the wave equation?v = speed of wave (ms-1)
f = frequency (Hz)
λ = wavelength (m) - 153 key wave propertiesReflection, refraction, diffraction
- 16What is reflection?When a wave bounces off a denser medium
- 17What is true about the angles of reflected waves?i = r
- 18What is refraction?When a ray of light passes through a medium of a different density, causing the angle of the wave to change
- 19What is true about the angles of refracted waves?sin(i) = sin(r)
- 20What is diffraction?The spreading out of a wave as it passes through a break in a boundary
- 21What causes greater diffraction?Smaller gap, or narrower wavelength
- 22What is superposition?The combining effect of waves
- 23What is the principle of superposition?The total displacement is equal to the sums of the individual components at that point
- 24What are the two types of superposition that can occur?Constructive and destructive
- 25What happens in constructive interference?Waves increase their resultant amplitude - in the case of a stationary wave it doubles
- 26What happens in destructive interference?Waves decrease their resultant amplitude - in the case of stationary waves it completely cancels out
- 27Examples of it in actionWaves on a string - when oscillated from one end only
Waves in a ripple tank - 28What are coherent waves?Waves that have the same wavelength, speed, and phase difference
- 29An example of a coherent light source?LASER
- 30What is a stationary wave?A wave that APPEARS still, but isn't. It stores energy, rather than transferring it
- 31Key terms for harmonics and overtonesL(Z) = 2λ
L(1) = λ
L(2) = λ/2
And so on... - 32What is a node?A point of minimum displacement
- 33What is an anti-node?A point of maximum displacement
- 34Examples of stationary wavesSound in a pipe
Usage of microwaves - 35—
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- A level Physics Fichas sobre AQA A Level Physics - Waves, creado por Olli Berry el 02/03/2017.
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- Olli Berry
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