Fichas
PE Chapter 4
Fichas del conjunto (69)
- 1Speedtime taken to move a body part or whole body through a movement over a pre-deteremined distance.
- 2Absolute strengthmaximum force that can be exerted once regardless of body weight or size.
- 3Dynamic strengthAbility to exert significant muscular force repeatedly
- 4Elastic strengthabilty to exert force quickly
- 5Explosive strengthability to exert maximal force quickly or in one action
- 6Relative strengthmaximum force that can be exerted in proportion to the body weight.
- 7Strength enduranceability of a muscle to resist fatigue while exerting a force, performing repeated muscular action over an extended period.
- 8Static strengthability to exert a sustained force without significant movement.
- 9Aerobic enduranceability of the arobic energy pathway to meet the demands of the activity.
- 10Cardiovascualr endurancethe ability of the heart, blood and blood vessels to work colectively to perform their function of fulfilling the needs of the cells in the body, by delivering oxygen and removing waste.
- 11Muscular enduranceabilty of a muscle to resist fatigue while exerting a force, performing repeated muscular action over an extended period.
- 12Flexibiltyrnge of movement available at a joint. it is dtermined by two factors: joint strucutre and muscle elasticity.
- 13Body compositionpercentage of fat, bone and muscle that make up the human body.
- 14Ectomorphlong arms and legs, short upper body and narrow shoulders. suited to high jump
- 15Mesomorphlarge bones, solid torso, low fat levels, wide shoulders anf narrow waist. suited to sprinting.
- 16Endomorphincreased amount of fat storage. wide waist, large bone structure. suited to sumo wrestling.
- 17co-ordiantionability of the body to link movements together.
- 18Balanceabilty to control the position of the body. Static balance - fixed position
Dynamic balance - moving - 19Agilitychanging position quickly and with control
- 20Reaction Timetime taken from the presentation of a the stimulus to the execution of the necessary subsequent action.
- 21Powerexplosive and elastic strength. power is not always maximal.
- 22Long interval traininguses both aerobic and anaerobic energy pathways. used by athletes involved in team sports.
- 23Sprint interval trainingdesigned to stress the ATP-PC system imporving its capacity and increasing the muscle stores of ATP.
- 24Fast interval trainingdevelops anaerobic endurance and therefore stresses the lactic acid system.
- 25Continuous trainingmedium/low intensity is constant over a long distance/duration. uses aerobic energy system.
- 26Interval trainingtraining where perios of work are interrupted with periods of rest. interval training is frequently associated with anaerobic activities only.
- 27Power trainingmuscular power is determined by how long it takes for strength to be converted into speed. maximal power improved by weight training
- 28Circuit trainingconsists of a series of exercises arranged and performed in order. circuit designed to improve a specific componenet of fitness.
- 29Fixed load circuitsathlete performs a given number of repetitions at a station before moving on to next. time is recorded
- 30Individual load circuitsathlete performs for designated amount of time and records number of repetitions.
- 31Advantages of circuit traininglittle or no equipment needed
can provide a whole body workout
easily adapted - 32Stage trainingsimiler to circuit but you perform 3 sets of the exercise on one station (with rest between sets) before moving onto next station
- 33Weight/Resistance trainingexercising with a variable resistance. predominantly anaerobic but can be adapted by changing intensity and duration.
- 34Fixed and free weights.fixed weights refer to resistance machines. there is greater risk of injury with free weights.
- 35Isotonic weight trainingif a muscle contracts and changes its length to produce force, the contraction is isotonic.
- 36Isometric weight trainingathlete holds a maximum contraction for between 5-7 seconds. recover and repeat.
- 37Isokinetic weight trainingrequires expensive equipment. These machines permit a person to work at a constant speed against a resistance or weight that changes as the muscular force changes.
- 38Speed trainingAssisted speed training - helps to improve stride frequency through use of elastic belt.
Resisted speed training - helps to improve speed-strength and stride length using parachutes that are pulled. - 39Fartlek traininginvolves training at different intensities or even on different terrain.
- 40Cross trainingMixture of a variety of training methods employed to provide psychological relief from boredom.
- 41DOMSdelayed onset muscle soreness
post exercise musle soreness caused by the healing process of damged myofibrils. - 42Core stability trainingabdominal bracing is the main technique used. it invloves contraction of the abdominal muscles. you must breathe normally throughout.
- 43Plyometric trainingplyometric exercises use explosive movements to develop muscular power and also co-ordination
- 44Stretchingbest way to increase or maintain muscle elasticity.
- 45Static StretchingSafest mode of stretching as you control the movement. muscle taken to cureent elastic limit and held there. Not sport specifc.
- 46Ballistic stretchinguses momentum of a moving limb in an attempt to force it beyond its normal range of motion. involves bouncing i and out of a stretch. seen as dangerous could lead to DOMS or injury.
- 47Dynamic stretchinginvolves stretching the muscle through a full range of momentum and gradually increasing the reach, speed of movement, or both
- 48Active stretchingassume a position and hold it with no assistance other than using the strength of your muscles
- 49Passive stretchingassume a posiiton and hold it with some other part of your body or with the assistance of a partner.
- 50PNF Stretchingfastest and most effective way to increase muscle elasticity and flexibilty. muscle group is passively stretched, then contracts isometrically against a resistance while in a stretched position, then passively stretched again through the resulting increased range of motion.
- 51FITTFrequency - how often
Intensity - how hard
Time - how long
Type - which method of training - 52Recoveryamount of time to enable a full anabolic period and is dependent upon the intensity and duration of exercise.
adaptations occur in recovery period. - 53Specifitytraining should be mirroring significant aspects of the activity or sport.
- 54Individual needsposition/role in team
fitness demands on you - 55Progessive overloadthe need to increase training demands upon the body to encourage adaptations.
i.e increasing training frequency, intensity, duration etc. - 56Reversibiltythe body will revert back to pre-exercise levels of fitness if training is stopped or reduced too much.
- 57Variancevarying training helps to avoid boredom and avoid overtraining
- 58Overtrainingovertraining shuld be avoided by allowing full recovery from previous workout. repeated overtraining leads to decline in performance, reduction in muscle size, loss of motivation,increades chance of illness and injury.
- 59Reasons for fitness testingidentify strengths and weaknesses
provide basis for applying principles
enhance motivation
provide comparisons with other performers - 60Validity of testswhether the test measures a relevant fitness component for that sport.
- 61Reliabilitythe ability to reproduce the test under the exact same conditions.
- 62Tests for strengthone rep max
- 63Tests for powerstanding broad jump
sargeant jump - 64Tests for speed30 metre sprint test
- 65Tests for flexibiltysit and reach test
- 66Test for VO2 Maxmultistage fitness test
cooper 12 minute run - 67Test for Cardiovascular EnduranceHarvard step test
- 68Test for agilityIllinois agility test
- 69Test body compositionMeasure skinfold using callipers
Hydrostatic weighing - water displacement when submerged.
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- A level Physical Education (PE) Fichas sobre PE Chapter 4, creado por Cameron Moore el 04/04/2017.
- Creado por
- Cameron Moore
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