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Education Flashcards for Sociology AS
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- 1Cultural deprivationThe theory that many working class and black children are inadequately socialised and therefore lack the 'right' culture needed for educational achievement.
- 2Material deprivationA lack of basic necessities needed for educational deprivation such as not being able to afford pens, laptops, books, etc.
- 3Cultural CapitalThe knowledge, attitudes, values, language, tastes and abilities that the middle class pass onto their children (Bourdieu).
- 4Restricted CodeA form of speech code typically associated with the working class. Limited vocabulary, grammatically simple sentences and speech is predictable (Bernstein).
- 5Elaborated CodeTypically used by the upper classes. Wider vocabulary, more complex and grammatically correct sentences and speech is more varied and can involve abstract ideas.
- 6LabellingTo label someone is to attach a meaning or definition to them. For example, a teacher may label a student as an underachiever.
- 7Howard Becker (1971)Found that teachers judged pupils according to how closely they fitted an image of the ideal pupil.
- 8Self-fulfilling prophecyThe self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that comes true. Interactionists argue that labelling can affect pupil's achievement.
- 9Pupil subcultureA pupil subculture is a group of pupils who share similar values and behaviour.
- 10StreamingStreaming involves separating children into different ability groups or classes called 'Streams'.
- 11Funding FormulaGives a school the same amount of funds for each pupil.
- 12Exam league tablesRanks each school according to its exam performance and make no allowance for the level of ability of its pupils.
- 13EthnocentricAn attitude or policy that gives priority to the culture and viewpoint of one particular ethnic group while disregarding others.
- 14External factors for differences in gender achievement1. Impact of feminism
2. Changes in the family
3. Changes in women's employment
4. Girls' changing perceptions and ambitions - 15Internal factors for differences in gender achievement1. Equal opportunities policies
2. Positive role models in schools
3. GCSE's/coursework
4. Teacher attention and classroom interaction - 16MeritocracyAn educational or social system where everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed and where individuals' rewards and status are achieved by their own efforts.
- 17Myth of MeritocracyFunctionalists argue that the education system is meritocratic but Marxists Bowles and Gintis claim that meritocracy is an ideology legitimating inequality by falsely claiming that everyone has equal opportunities.
- 18Tripartite system1944 Education Act introduced the tripartite system. Grammar schools/Secondary moderns/Tertiary.
- 19Comprehensive system1965 onwards. Streaming and Labelling.
- 20Marketisation1988 Education Reform Act.
1. The reproduction of inequality
2. Exam league tables
3. Funding Formula
4.Myth of parentocracy
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- A Levels Sociology Fichas sobre Education Flashcards for Sociology AS, creado por luke_pearce94 el 20/05/2014.
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