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All Edexcel GCSE PE key terms
Fichas del conjunto (81)
- 1Aerobicwith oxygen
If exercise is not too fast and is steady the heart can supply all the oxygen muscles need - 2Aesthetic appreciationTo be able to see the beauty in a performance
- 3AgilityThe ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body
- 4Anabolic steroidsDrugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth
- 5Anaerobicwithout oxygen
If exercise is done in short, fast bursts, the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the cells use them - 6AnorexicPertaining to anorexia; a prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite
- 7BalanceThe ability to retain the centre of mass (gravity) of the body above the base of the support with reference to static (stationery) or dynamic conditions of movements, shape and orrientation
- 8Beta blockersDrugs that are used to control heart rate and that have a calming and relaxing effect
- 9Blood pressureBlood pressure is the force exerted by the heart as it pumps blood out of the heart and into the arteries (systolic-high pressure) and it is low when it relaxes between beats (diastolic)
- 10Body compositionThe percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle and bone
(Boxing, Rugby) - 11Cardiac outputThe amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute
- 12Cardiovascular fitnessThe ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time
- 13CholesterolCholesterol is a blood fat which the body needs in moderate amounts
- 14Circuit trainingA set of 6 to 10 exercises performed at stations in an organised pattern
Each exercise is performed for a specific number of repetitions or for a prescribed time before moving on to the next exercise - 15CompetenceThe relationship between: skill, the selection and application of skill, tactics, strategies and compositional ideas; and the readiness of the body and mind to cope with the activity. It requires an understanding of how these combine to produce effective performances
- 16Cooper's run testA test of cardiovascular fitness
- 17Co-ordinationThe ability to use two or more body parts together
- 18Cross trainingUsing more than one training method
- 19What is diet compared to balanced dietYour diet is what you eat and a balanced diet is what you should eat
- 20DiureticsDrugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion
- 21EctomorphA somatotype, individuals with narrow shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by thinness
- 22EndomorphA somatotype, individuals with wide hips and narrow shoulders, characterised by fatness
- 23Erythropoietin(EPO)A type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count
- 24ExerciseExercise is a form of physical activity which maintains or improves health and or physical fitness
- 25Fartlek trainingTraining that allows and athlete to run at varying speeds, over unmeasured distances, on different terrain
- 26FitnessFitness is the abitlity to meet the demands of the environment
- 27FITTF-frequency
I-intensity
T-time
T-type
Used to increase the amount of work the body does, in order to achieve overload - 28FlexibilityThe range of movement possible at a joint
(Gymnastics, badminton, yoga) - 29HealthHealth is a state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity
- 30Health-related exerciseExercise which is undertaken primarily to improve health and fitness for life
- 31Healthy active lifestylesA lifestyle which contributes positively to physical mental and social wellbeing and includes regular and physical activity
- 32Heart rateThe number of times the heart beats each minute
- 33Hypokinetic diseaseA disease related to too little activity
(Hypo means under or too little, Kinetic means energy or activity) - 34HypertrophyScientific term for an increase in size of muscle
- 35Individual differences/needsMatching training to the requirements of an individual
- 36Isometric contractionsMuscle contraction which results in increased tension but the length does not alter, for example when pressing against a stationary object
- 37Isotonic contractionsMuscle contraction that results in limb movement
- 38Jointa place where two or more bones meet
- 39LigamentsA tissue that joins bone to bone
- 40MesomorphA somatotype, Individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by musciularity
- 41Methods of trainingInterval training, continuous training, circuit training, weight training, Fartlek training, cross training
- 42Muscular enduranceThe ability to use the voluntary muscles many times without getting tired
(Open water swimming, running) - 43Muscle groupsmuscles may be arranged in groups according to location and/or function
e.g. the muscles of the leg - 44Muscular strengthThe amount of force a muscle can exert againts a resistance
(Weight-lifters or Rugby players in a scrum) - 45Narcotic analgesicsDrugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain
- 46ObeseA term used to describe people who are very overfat
- 47Optimum weightBest weight or desirable weight- the best weight a player performs at
- 48OverfatA way of saying you have more body fat than you should have
- 49OverloadFitness can only be improved through training more than you normally do
- 50OverweightHaving weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by overfatness)
- 51Oxygen debtThe amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above that which would have ordinarily been consumed in the same time at rest (This results in a shortfall in the oxygen available)
- 52PAR-QPhysical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
- 53PEPPersonal Exercise Programme
- 54Peptide hormonesDrugs that cause the production of other hormones
- 55PerformanceHow well a task is completed
- 56PESSCLPE and School Sport Club Links
- 57Physical activityAny form of exercise or movement; physical activity my be planned and structured or unplanned and unstructured (in PE we are concerned with planned and structured physical activity, such as a fitness class)
- 58PowerThe ability to do strength performances quickly
(Power= strength x speed) - 59Progressive overloadTo gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur, but without potential for injury
- 60Reaction timeThe time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of a movement
- 61RecoveryThe time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition
- 62RehabilitationRestoring (an injury) to its normal functioning state
- 63RestThe period of time allotted to recovery
- 64Resistance trainingTraining that uses a resistance or force against which specific muscle groups must work
e.g. weight training - 65ReversabilityAny adaptation that takes place as a consequence of training will be removed when you stop training
- 66RICER-rest
I-ice
C-compression
E-elevation
A method of treating injuries - 67Role modelsA person you can aspire to, to make you into a better person, Often have qualities that we would like to have
- 68Self- esteemRespect for, or a favourable opinion of oneself
- 69Skill-related fitnessExercise which may be undertaken primarily to improve sporting ability
- 70SMARTS- specific
M- measurable
A- achievable
R- realistic
T- time bound - 71Socio-economic statusMay be based on a person's income, education and occupation
- 72SomatotypesClassification of body type
- 73SpecificityMatching training to the requirements of an activity
- 74SpeedThe differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time
- 75StimulantsDrugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and/or physical alertness
- 76Stroke volumeThe volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during on contraction
- 77Target zoneThe range within which an individual needs to work for aerobic training to take place (60-80 per cent of maximum heart rate)
- 78TendonsA tissue that joins muscle to bone
- 79TrainingA well-planned programme which uses scientific principles to improve performance, skill, game ability and motor and physical fitness
- 80Training thresholdsThe boundaries of target zones
- 81UnderweightWeighing less than is normal, healthy or required
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- Cambridge IGCSE and GCSE GCSE PE Fichas sobre All Edexcel GCSE PE key terms, creado por Millie Berrett el 21/11/2014.
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- Millie Berrett
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