Fichas
1.2.1 Systems Software
Fichas del conjunto (21)
- 1Systems SoftwarePrograms that control the hardware and operation of the computer system. Acts as a User Interface. Platform to run other software. Provides housekeeping software and managed applications.
- 2Operationg SystemControls hardware. Provides user with Human-Computer Interaction (command line). Handles communication between devices. Handles translation of code. Has utility software. Uses job scheduling. Provides security. Handles interrupts.
- 3Memory ManagementOrganises the use of main memory. Partitions programs into chunks. Provides security to protect OS. Allows programs to share memory. Ensures programs can't access other's memory illegitimately.
- 4PagingPartitions memory into FIXED sized physical divisions made to fit sections of memory.
- 5SegmentationPartitions memory into VARIABLE sized logical divisions which hold complete sections of programs.
- 6Virtual MemoryWhen memory available is insufficient, some secondary storage is allocated. Swaps pages using paging between RAM and backing store to make space in RAM for pages needed.
- 7InterruptsDevices can send a signal to the CPU to indicate that they need attention. Tasks are given varying priorities.
- 8Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)1. Check the interrupt register by comparing priorities.
2. If it's lower or equal, the current task continues.
3. If it's higher, the CPU completes current FDE cycle.
4. CPU switches to the new task. - 9Scheduling - Round RobinGives each instruction a set amount of time to complete a task. The system moves to the next instruction after the time period even if the instruction is not completed.
- 10Scheduling - First Come First ServedJobs are processed in order of arrival. Later jobs are queued.
- 11Scheduling - Multi-level feedback queuesUses a number of queues. Each queue has a different priority. The algorithm can move jobs depending on the job's behaviour.
- 12Scheduling - Shortst Job FirstScheduler estimates length of each job and picks the one that will take the shortest time and runs until it finishes.
- 13Scheduling - Shortest Remaining TimeIf a job is added with a shorter remaining time, the scheduler is switched to that one.
- 14OS - DistributedAllows multiple computers on a network to work together on the same problem. Shares processing and data between different systems to reduce bottlenecks.
- 15OS - EmbeddedBuilt into a device, often with limited resources.
- 16OS - Multi-taskingAllows multiple tasks to be run seemingly simultaneously.
- 17OS - Multi-userAllows more than one user to access the computer's resources at the same time.
- 18OS - Real TimeThe data is processed immediately and a response is given within a guaranteed time frame.
- 19Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)Computer looks to BIOS to boot up. Checks whether computer is functional, memory is installed and accessible and the processor is working. Usually stored on flash memory.
- 20Device DriversSoftware that contains instructions to enable the peripheral and OS to communicate and configure hardware.
- 21Virtual MachinesUsed to run an OS inside another on a software implementation of a machine.
Información
- Descripción
- A level (1.2) Computing Fichas sobre 1.2.1 Systems Software, creado por Louis N el 05/04/2019.
- Creado por
- Louis N
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